Emerging Air Quality Issues in Freight

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Emerging Air Quality Issues in Freight
U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway
Administration

• Diane Turchetta
• U.S. DOT-FHWA
• 6/29/04

FHWA Environmental Conference Alexandria, VA
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Topics Covered

• Why does FHWA care about freight emissions?

• Overview of EPA regulatory actions voluntary
  programs

• What is FHWA doing?
• Research
• Idle-Reduction initiative
• Diesel engine retrofits
• Talking Freight Seminar

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Air Quality New Ozone Nonattainment Areas
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Air Quality Emissions
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Energy Energy Trends By Sector
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Traffic Congestion
Truck and Rail Flows
Freight Flows by Rail 1998 (tons)
Federal Railroad Administration
Freight Flows by Truck 2020 (daily truck volumes)
Federal Highway Administration
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EPA Regulatory Actions

• Heavy-duty diesel truck and bus engine and fuel
• standard

• Rulemaking finalized in 2000 requires new and
• cleaner control technologies and low-sulfur
• fuel (15 ppm) in 2007

• Vehicles will be 95 cleaner than todays trucks
  
• and buses

• Nonroad Rule

• Rulemaking finalized last month will cut
  emission
• levels from construction, agricultural,
  and
• industrial diesel-powered equipment by
  over 90

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EPA Regulatory Actions Cont

• Reduces sulfur levels in fuel to 500 ppm by 2007
  and 15 ppm
  for land-based fuel in 2010 (locomotives and
  marine vessels by 2012)

• ANPRM for Locomotives and Marine Engines

• Announced last month
• Emphasis is on PM reductions
• Standards could apply as early as 2011

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EPA Voluntary Programs

• Clean School Bus USA
• Retrofits buses with better emission control
• technologies - 65 M in EPA 2005 budget

• SmartWay Transport
• Voluntary program between EPA and the freight
• industry focus is on carbon dioxide
  emissions

• Voluntary Diesel Retrofit and Replacement
  Program
• Addresses pollution from diesel construction
• equipment and heavy-duty vehicles in use
  today

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What Are We DoingResearch

• Research Impacts of Intermodal Freight
  Movement
• on Air Quality
• Six MSAs selected (LA, Dallas, Houston,
  Chicago,
• Detroit and Baltimore)
• Freight profiles developed by mode (commodity
• flows and emissions)
• Identification of key issues and problems
• Preliminary look at mitigation

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What Are We DoingIdle-Reduction

• Working with DOE and EPA to reduce idling
  emissions
• from heavy-duty engines (on-board and
  off-board
• technologies
• Regional workshops (I-95 corridor)
• National conference (Albany, NY May 2004)
• CMAQ funding for idle-reduction projects (16 M)
• August 2003 policy guidance CMAQ Eligibility
• for Idle-Reduction Measures
• SAFETEA provision (Title 23 Section 111
  exemption)

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What Are We Doing.Diesel Engine Retrofits

• Heavy-duty diesel engine retrofits diesel
  particulate matter filters oxidation catalysts
• CMAQ policy guidance issued in Jan. 2003 on
  Eligibility of Freight Projects and Diesel
  Engine Retrofit Programs
• FHWA participation in EPA School Bus, Retrofit
  and Replacement Work Group
• Issue related to allocation of emission
  reduction credits (on-road vs off-road)

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What Are We DoingTalking Freight Seminar

• Collaborative between FHWAs Office of Freight
• Management and Operations and Office of
• Planning

• Monthly FHWA-sponsored net-conference seminars

• July 21 seminar will be on idle-reduction
  technologies and initiatives