Title: Chapter 13 Biotechnology Techniques
1Chapter 13 Biotechnology Techniques
2- Chapter 13.
- 1. Purifying and detecting nucleic acids
- Cloning and recombinant DNA
- Genetic engineering.
- DNA libraries.
3- Purifying and detecting nucleic acids
Separaation of nucleic acids Electrophoresis
4Detection of Nucleic Acids Radioactivity 32P
or 35S Fluoresce light emission
52. Cloning and Recombinant DNA
Why? 1. Make large amounts of a
protein. 2. Study mutants 3. Improve
agriculture Yellow rice pest
resistance 4. Study and treat diseases.
6Cloning method to obtain a large amount of
a genetically identical population of DNA.
Recombinant DNA DNA from 2 sources.
Usually use a bacterium such as E. coli They
grow fast. This is what you put the recombinant
DNA in.
7Need to have a vector to get the DNA into the
bacterium. Virus (bacteriophage) Plasmid
(small piece of circular DNA in additon to
the main chromosome in bacteria.
8 Plasmid small piece of circular DNA
Can insert a small piece of foreign DNA in a
plasmid using a restriction endonuclease
9Restriction endo nucleotides Nuclease cuts
DNA Endo in the middle Restriction specific
sequences
10EdoR1 hydrolyses DNA between G and A
11Sticky ends allow you to put it back together or
insert a new piece of DNA
12 Plasmid small piece of circular DNA
Can insert a small piece of foreign DNA in a
plasmid using a restriction endonuclease
13Viruses
14 Cut both phage and human DNA with a
restriction endonuclease
Cloning using a virus.
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17Cloning with cells
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21A DNA plasmid.
22How do we know that we have a cell that contains
a plasmid with our gene?
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253. What is genetic engineering?
The intentinal alteration of an organism at
the molecular level so that it exhibits altered
traits.
Useful in Agriculture Medicine Basic research
26Agriculture 1. Increased food production 2. Incr
eased shelf life 3. Drought resistance 4. Frost
resistance. 5. Increased milk production bovine
somatatrophin Look at Biochemical Connections
on p.343.
27- Problems?
- 1. Yellow rice.
- Seeds of genetically altered plants
- can not be reseeded.
28- Medical and health purposes.
- Genetically altered mosquitoes.
- Synthesis of human proteins (e.g. insulin)
- Treatment of diseases
- Cystic fibrosis
- Muscular dystrophy
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304. DNA libraries.
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32How do you find the piece you want? Have a
piece of DNA that you know has the gene you want
go fishing with it.