Chapter 7 Transport Systems

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Chapter 7 Transport Systems
JEOPARDY
With special hosts You !!! (and Señor Francisco)
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The Board
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A bit of all 100

• Term to describe a complete sequence of heart
  contraction and relaxation.
• Answer- The CARDIAC CYCLE
• Return to game board

4
A bit of all- 200

• i) Name the 2 molecules that play a role in
  muscle contraction. ii) Type of molecules iii)
  which is wider?
• Answer- i) actin and myosin ii) proteins iii)
  myosin is wider.
• Return to game board

5
A bit of all- 300

• Through the aorta, (OX / DEOX) blood goes to.
• Answer- Oxygenated blood is sent to the body
  through the aorta (largest artery)
• Return to game board

6
A bit of all- 400

• The amount of muscle in arteries and veins is
  very different. i) Which have more muscle ii)
  what tissue layer is the muscle on iii) what
  type of muscle?
• Answer- i) Arteries have more muscle ii) the
  middle layer iii) smooth (involuntary muscle)
• Return to game board

7
A bit of all - 500

• To what type of body cells do macrophages
  belong, and what do they do?
• Answer- Macrophages are leukocytes, a type of
  white blood cells. They eat bacteria to protect
  the body.
• Return to game board

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Type of C-system- 100

• The type of circulatory system a lobster has
• Answer- Open Circulatory System (No vessels.
  Large heart pumps fluid of similar constitution
  as intercellular material). Lobsters are
  crustaceans (a group within Arthropods)
• Return to game board

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Type of C-Systems- 200

• The number of chambers in the heart of an iguana.
  Which chambers are present?
• Answer- 3 Chambers, 2 atria, 1 ventricle.
  (Iguanas belong to the Reptilians, a group of
  vertebrates)
• Return to game board

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Types of C-Systems- 300

• Where is the heart of a coral polyp located?
• Answer- Corals are cnidarians, close relatives of
  Hydra. They dont have a heart or a circulatory
  system. Transport mechanisms take place across
  each cell surface.
• Return to game board

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Types of C-Systems- 400

• What (specifically) is the difference between a
  single pump system and a double pump system?
• Answer- In single pump blood does not return to
  the heart after is sent to the gas exchange
  surfaces (gills, since it only occurs in fish)
• Return to game board

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Types of C-Systems- 500

• What groups of vertebrates have a heart that most
  closely resemble that of humans?
• Answer- All the mammals, plus birds and
  crocodilians (crocs and gators)
• Return to game board

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Vertebrates- 100

• i) How many chambers does a frog heart have? ii)
  What are the gas exchange surfaces of amphibians?
• Answer- i) 3 chambers (all amphibians and
  reptilians except crocodilians) ii) gas exchange
  surfaces are lungs and skin (only vertebrate
  group). If still a tadpole, no lungs but gills.
• Return to game board

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Vertebrates- 200

• Difference between veins and arteries
• (at least 3)
• Answer- i) veins have valves ii) arteries have
  more muscle iii) veins are flat, arteries round
  iv) arteries work under pressure, veins dont v)
  arteries leave the heart, veins go towards it.
• Return to game board

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Vertebrates.or not- 300

• What vertebrate does not have a heart?
• Answer- None !!! (perhaps only a dead cow, pig or
  animal whose heart has been cut out at a butcher
  shop)
• Return to game board

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Vertebrates- 500

• The vertebrate group and number of heart chambers
  in the following menagerie. i) coral snake ii)
  eel iii) camel iv) tortoise v) dolphin vi)
  bat
• Answer- i) reptilians (3) ii) fish (2) iii)
  mammals (4) iv) reptilians (3) v) mammals (4)
  vi) mammals (4)
• Return to game board

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Vertebrates- 400

• i) Group of vertebrate whose Oxygen-carrying
  blood cells do not have nuclei ii) name of such
  blood cells.
• Answer- i) Mammals ii) erythrocytes (red blood
  cells)
• Return to game board

18
Plants- 100

• In reference to transport systems
• i) the 2 main groups of plants ii) an example of
  each
• Answer- i) vascular and non-vascular
• ii) Vascular- all trees Non-vascular- mosses
• Return to game board

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Plants- 200

• In a woody tree. The order of structures as you
  progress from the outside towards the center of
  the tree
• Answer- Bark, phloem, cambium, xylem, pith
• Return to game board

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Plants- 400

• What are 2 major purposes of a plants root
  hairs?
• Answer- 1) To increase the surface area of water
  absorption at roots 2) to provide within the
  roots separate areas for absorption (root hairs),
  and for physical support of the plant (main
  roots).
• Return to game board

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Plants- 500

• The materials transported thru xylem cells are.
• Answer- Water and minerals from the soil
• Return to game board

22
Circulation Blood- 300

• The currently accepted theory to explain
  transport through a plants phloem
• Answer- The pressure-flow hypothesis (plant-made
  materials move from sources areas of
  production, to sinks areas of need. Where
  sources and sinks are located changes overtime)
• Return to game board

23
Circulation Blood- 300

• Where in the blood do Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
  travel?
• Answer- Oxygen travels in the Red Blood Cells (in
  hemoglobin molecules), CO2 travels in the plasma
  of blood.
• Return to game board

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Circulation- 300

• What is the main advantage of a 4-chambered heart
  (over a 3-chambered heart)?
• Answer- With 4 chambers, there is absolutely no
  mixing of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood.
  With 3 chambers, some mixing occurs at the single
  ventricle.
• Return to game board

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More of . I forgot the topic- 500

• A limitation of non-vascular plants.
• Answer- Cant grow very big (tall), because it
  does not have vessels to carry materials. Must
  live in very wet places.
• Return to game board

26
More of. 200

• It is not true that the difference between
  arteries and veins is carrying OX versus DE-OX
  blood. Which human artery(ies) carry DE-OX blood?
• Answer- The pulmonary arteries go from the right
  ventricle to the two lungs. They are arteries
  (leave heart), but carry DE-OX blood.
• Return to game board

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More of 100

• i) What is considered normal blood pressure in a
  healthy young human at rest ? ii) What do the 3
  numbers on the screen of the sphygnometer mean?
• Answer- i) 120/80 ii) the 1st number is
  ventricular systole (contraction), the 2nd,
  ventricular diastole (relaxation), the 3rd is the
  pulse (number of beats per minute)
• Return to game board

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Wild Card 300

• The protein in the blood, that together with
  certain blood bodies, result in coagulation
• Answer- The protein is fibrin, the blood bodies
  are platelets.
• Return to game board