Chapter 29 Review Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms and Invertebrate
Chordates

• Charles Page High School
• Dr. Stephen L. Cotton

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Which class of echinoderms most closely
  resembles the starfish class? Brittle stars
• As the larvae of echinoderms become adults, their
  form changes from bilateral symmetry to radial
  symmetry.

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• The skeleton of an echinoderm is made up of
  plates
• In echinoderms, the water vascular system is
  involved with what type of activities?
  Respiration, movement, internal transport,
  feeding, excretion
• On which side of the starfish is the anus
  located? Aboral

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Which of the following is not a part of the
  echinoderms water vascular system madreporite
  ring canal radial canals skin gills
• Know the construction of the water vascular
  system of a starfish.

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• What are some members of the most ancient class
  of echinoderms? Sea lilies and feather stars
• Does a starfish have any specialized systems? If
  so, what are they? digestive
• What is the function of the statocysts? Balance
  and right side up

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• What are the echinoderms that resemble warty,
  moving pickles? Sea cucumber
• Skeletal plates are reduced to tiny vestiges
  inside the soft, muscular body of a sea cucumber
• What kind of symmetry do the larvae of starfish
  have? bilateral

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Potential anti-cancer and anti-viral drugs are
  produced from chemicals extracted from starfish
  and sea cucumbers
• Several years ago in a wide area of the Pacific
  Ocean, extensive damage was done to coral reefs
  by the sudden appearance of crown of thorns
  starfish

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• In many coastal areas, the distribution of algae
  is controlled by sea urchins
• Which term is least closely related to the
  others chordate vertebrate invertebrate
  lancelet

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Only during the early part of embryonic life do
  most chordates have a notocord
• In aquatic chordates, such as lancelets and
  fishes, the pharyngeal slits became the gills

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Unlike most chordates, lancelets lack backbones
• A segmented nerve and muscle organization is
  found in all living ______.
• Lancelets move by bending their bodies back and
  forth because they lack apendages

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Some scientists believe that the true chordate
  characteristic is pharyngeal pouches
• What does the similarity in structure between
  vertebrates and invertebrates indicate about
  their ancestors? Common ancestor

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Know the examples we discussed concerning the
  members of each echinoderm class
• All chordates display their distinguishing
  characteristics as _____.

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Describe the skeleton of an echinoderm.
• In some species of echinoderms, gas exchange
  occurs through which of the following the anus
  skin gills radial canals statocysts

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Echinoderms, like many invertebrates, excrete
  nitrogen-containing wastes primarily in the form
  of ammonia
• An adult starfish has radial symmetry.

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Certain stages in the development of echinoderms
  are similar to stages in the development of some
  chordates
• What do echinoderms use their tube feet for?
  Feeding, respiration, elimination and movement
• Heart urchins and sand dollars live hidden in
  burrows in mud or sand

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• During the day, sea urchins wedge themselves in
  rock crevices
• Most starfish move along the ocean bottom and
  prey on bivalves
• The spines of some sea urchins are covered with
  sacs containing blue poisons.

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• Several years ago in the Pacific Ocean, extensive
  damage was done to Great Barrier Reef by
  crown-of-thorns starfish.
• In many coastal areas, the sea urchins control
  the distribution of algae

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Chapter 29 ReviewEchinoderms

• The muscles of a lancelet are arranged in paired
  V-shaped units.