PowerPoint

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New Horizon English Book 1 Unit 8
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Pre-reading activity (20ms)
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?. Background Information
1. Richard Wagner (1813-1883), the greatest
composer of German opera, made a major addition
to the nature of opera through his writings about
and the creation of music drama. Music drama
combines singing, orchestra, verse, story, drama
and spectacle. Wagner's works include the "The
Ring of the Nibelung" (1853-1874), a set of four
operas based on historical German stories. For an
introduction to Wagner as well as other resources
on the Internet, please visit http//www.ffaire.co
m/wagner/index.html or http//www.yahoo.com/entert
ainment/music/.
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http//www.yahoo.com/entertainment/music/.2. The
Rhinegold, the first of the four operas in the
"Ring" cycle, exemplifies Wagner's theory of
music drama in its purest form.
3. La Spezia is an industrial port and Italy's
chief naval station in northwest Italy. Wagner
visited here in 1853 when he left his exile in
Switzerland to which he had escaped during World
War II. For more information such as maps and
photos, etc. of La Spezia, please visit
http//www.itwg.com/ct_00067.asp (or
http//www.itwg.com in general).
4. Henri Poincare (1854-1912), a great French
mathematics and theoretical science professor at
the Sorbonne (University of Paris), had a highly
original influence on the development of pure and
applied mathematics. He also worked on functions
that changed celestial mechanics, helped pioneer
algebraic topology and co-discovered the special
theory of relativity. For further introduction to
his works, please visit http//www-chaos.umd.edu/m
isc/poincare.html.
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5. Descartes, Rene (1596-1650), a famous French
philosopher, mathematician and scientist, was one
of the most influential thinkers in history. He
is considered the founder of both modern
philosophy and analytic geometry. During his
life, established ideas were being challenged, so
he tried to develop a way to reach the truth. He
based his theory that the world is made up of
mind and matter on a concept that came to him in
a dream. For further information, check out the
webpage at http//www.xrefer.com/entry/551791.
6. cogito ergo sum, is Latin for "I think
therefore, I exist," a key point in
Descartes' philosophy. He claimed that the only
thing anyone can be certain of is that s/he
thinks and, therefore, s/he exists. The "I" is
the mind which can exist without beingextended
so that it can in principle survive the death of
the body. You can check out the webpage at
http//www.xrefer.com/entry/551611 for further
information.
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?Lead-in Activity
Discuss in group the following topics
1.       Where do you think good ideas come from
especially when you are faced with a difficult
issue? 2.       Tell a story about the birth of g
reat ideas, for example, the birth of great
invention, etc.
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While-reading Activity
?words and phrases
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satisfactory a. good enough to be pleasing, or
for a purpose, rule, standard, etc. ?????Sales
are up 20 from last year that's very
satisfactory. ?????????20,???????This method of
heating is not satisfactory for large
buildings.????????????????????
Flash vi. 1. (of an idea) to come suddenly ????(?
????)The idea flashed into his mind.
???????????Then it flashed upon me that she was
his wife. ????????????2move very fast ??,??The
days seem to flash by. ?????
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Particularly ad. especially ???More local
employment will be created, particularly in
service industries. ????????????,????????I
cannot leave him, particularly now.
??????,?????? glow vi. 1.produce light and heat
without fire??,??Colored lights glowed on the
celebration night. ?????????2. show strong or
warm color ???????Maple leaves glowed red in the
sunlight.????????????The sunset glowed with
color. ??????????????? creation n. creating??Doe
s the government argue against the creation of an
separate Scottish government? ????????????????????
The creation of new playgrounds will benefit the
local children. ??????????????????
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mystery n. something that is not fully
understood?Who had taken the book? It was a
mystery. ???????????? Why he went there is a
mystery to me.????????????????
reasonable a. showing common sense
fair???,???He gave me a reasonable explanation.
????????????I had a reasonable solution to the
problem. ?????????????????? psychologist n.a pers
on trained and educated to perform psychological
research, testing, and treatment????You may turn
to the psychologist for help.?????????????????
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process n.a connected set of actions or events
that produce continuation or slow change??,??The
firm is now in the process of moving the main
equipment to a new place.??????????????????Produc
ing a dictionary is a slow process.
??????????????? individual n.a human being regard
ed as unique ??,??She always treated her clients
as individuals. ????????????????The rights of
the individual are sometimes the most important
rights in a free society. ??????????????????????
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contrast n. (with, between) unlikeness or
difference shown by comparing objects or
people??, (????)??This appears big in contrast
with that. ?????,???????The contrast between the
two ideas is sharp. ????????????
mathematician n. a person gifted or learned in
mathematics???Hua Luogeng is a great
mathematician. ????????????? combination n. somet
hing that results from two or more things, (esp.
chemicals) being combined??, ????????His nature
is a combination of strength and kindness.
????????? After the general election, a
combination of parties formed the new
government.???,????????????
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?Language Points
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Language Point 1 No satisfactory way exists to ex
plain how to form a good idea. (Para. 1) Meaning
There is not a way good enough to explain how to
find or develop a good idea. Language Point 2 N
o satisfactory way exists... (Para. 1)
satisfactory a. good enough to be pleasing, or
for a purpose, rule, standard, etc.This heater
is satisfactory it does give enough heat.
??????????,???????The design of the kitchen is
satisfactory the refrigerator is not next to the
stove and there is enough space.
?????????,???????,???????
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personality n. 1.a person who is well-known to th
e public??television personalities????2. the
quality or condition of being a
person???????Though their personalities were
different, they got along as friends.
????????,???????? intensify v.make or become stro
nger??,??The press has intensified its
examination of the political official's
background. ??????????????????The search
intensified as dusk approached.??????,??????
1.C a person of exceptional natural
ability??"One is not born a genius one becomes
a genius." (Simone de Beauvoir)
"???????,???????"?(??????)He was a genius in
both science and art. ???????????????2. U
strong natural ability??There's genius in the
way this was painted. ?????????????
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recognize vt. 1.       realize or be aware that s
th. exists or is true???,???Many fail to
recognize that all these things are in danger of
being refused. ?????????????????????No one
recognizes the difficulty of the mission.
???????????????2. identify as previously known
know sth. or sb.??I recognized Peter although I
hadn't seen him for 10 years. ????10???????,??????
? orchestral a. of or by a large group of musicia
ns who play various musical instruments
together????, ?????orchestral instruments????an
orchestral production???????
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religion n.belief in the existence of a god or
gods or a force of greater power outside of one's
self ??There are many religions in the world.
??????????Political affairs and religion are
subjects of daily conversation. ????????????????
philosophy n. the search for knowledge and
understanding of the nature and meaning of all
the natural world including human life??economic
philosophy????the philosophy of Kant?????(??)
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invention n. 1.the action of creating something n
ew ??Need is the mother of invention.
(?)????????"His 6,000 inventions included the
electric light bulb, the phonograph, and the
mimeograph machine." "????????????????(??)?????"
2. something created???The phonograph is an
invention made by Thomas Edison. ??????????????
logic n. the science of thinking about or
explaining the reasons for sth. ?????Your
friend doesn't seem to be controlled by logic.
?????????????He argues with learning and logic.
????????????,??????
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truly ad. 1.       really completely ???a truly
willing act ???????This is a truly beautiful
picture. ???????????2. honest exactly as
described??????We are truly sorry this is not
convenient. ??????,???????? highly ad.very to an
unusually great degree??highly interesting???a
highly scientific approach ???????? dramatic a.
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dramatic a. 1. sudden, exciting, not expected????
?China has achieved dramatic economic
developments. ?????????????????dramatic
colors???????2. about drama or acting??? ???
compose v. create or produce (a written or
musical piece) ??(?????)He teaches music and
also composes. ????, ?????At the age of six he
was already composing at the piano.
???????????composing a poem /a speech ????/?????
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occupy vt. 1.       engage, employ, or busy (ones
elf) ??????? ......I am fully occupied with my
daily work. ????????????He was occupied in
writing letters. ?????? 2. fill up (time or
space) ??(?????)a lecture that occupied three
hours?????????Reading occupies most of my free
time. ???????????????The enemy occupied the
town.?????????? fling vt. 1.       throw with fo
rce ??,?Don't fling your clothes about on the
chair hang them up. ??????????,???????The sun
flings bright rays on the fields.(??)???????????
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couch n. a long comfortable seat a sofa ?? Sit
beside me on the couch.?????,??????Mary was not
well so she was lying on the couch in the living
room. ????????,????????????? miracle n. an act or
event that cannot be explained by known laws of
nature ??a miracle of architecture??????The car
ran over the man, but by a miracle, he was not
hurt.???????????, ???????, ?????
mighty a. having or showing great power, skill,
strength, or force???,???He gave it a mighty
push and it opened. ???????,?????He struck the
rock a mighty blow with a hammer.?????????????????

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Language Point 3 ...to explain how to form a good
idea. (Para. 1) form a good idea begin to have
an idea and develop itWe can say "to form an
idea, an opinion, a judgment, a plan or even a
personality".He found it hard to form an
original opinion. ???????????????I know them
both well enough to form my own judgment.
?????????,??????????A plan began to form in his
mind. ??????????????One of the most important
tasks for a school is to help and promote forming
a child's personality. ?????????????????????????
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Language Point 4 You think about a problem until
you're tired, forget it, maybe sleep on it, and
then flash! (Para. 1) Meaning You have been
thinking about a problem until you are tired,
forget it and leave it undecided and then
suddenly some idea comes to your mind.
Language Point 5 ...forget it, maybe sleep on it.
..(Para. 1) sleep on it leave sth. undecided or
unattended until later time He will sleep on the
matter and tell us the decision later.
?????????,???????????
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Language Point 6 ...and then flash! (Para. 1) fla
sh vi. 1. (of an idea) to come suddenlyThese
lines from Shakespeare just flashed into my mind.
?????????????????2. appear or pass suddenlyThe
car flashed by so quickly that I could not see
the car number. ??????,??????????The policeman
flashed his I. D. card at me, but I could not
read his name. ??????????????,????????????
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Language Point 7 When you aren't thinking about i
t, suddenly the answer arrives as a gift from the
gods. (Para. 1) Meaning When you are no longer
thinking of the problem, then the answer to it
comes to your mind unexpectedly as if something
falls upon you from heavenly spirits.a gift from
the gods an unearned, or unexpected, benefit
that is greatly valued People say that all the
years after 70 are gifts from the gods.
???70?????????????
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Language Point 8 Of course, all ideas don't occur
like that but so many do, particularly the most
important ones. (Para. 2) Meaning Not all ideas,
of course, come as gifts as many of them do.
Especially, some big ideas do not come to your
mind automatically. occur vi. come to mindThe
idea never occurred to me. ???????????It
suddenly occurred to him that this was an act he
could never do. ??????????????????particularly
ad. especiallyHe is particularly busy for this
month. ????????He is particularly careful with
his car I do not think we should borrow it.
??????????,???????????
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Language Point 9 They burst into the mind, glowi
ng with the heat of creation. (Para. 2) Meaning
These ideas come to the mind suddenly and show
clearly they are good creative ideas.glow v.
produce light and heat without fire,Some natural
matter can glow in the dark.??????????????glow
with show redness or heat with feelings, etc.My
father face glowed with satisfaction when he saw
my college grades. ???????????,??????????
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Language Point 10 How they do it is a mystery but
they must come from somewhere. (Para. 2)
Meaning How these ideas came to your mind is a
mystery no one can understand. But they must
have come from somewhere, an unknown source.
mystery something that is not fully understood
Many people have tried to solve the problem but
without success it is a mystery that the girl
found the solution to it in just a minute.
???????????,?????? ????????????????,??????
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Language Point 11 This is reasonable, for psycho
logists use this term to describe mental
processes which are unknown to the individual.
(Para. 2) Meaning The explanation holds water as
psychologists use this special term to describe
the patterns going on in our mind, which are not
known by human beings. process n. a connected
set of actions or events that produce
continuation or slow changeIn this example, the
conscious mind at the moment of creation knew
nothing of the actual processes by which the
solution was found. (Para. 5) ??????,?????????????
??????????Scientists have now discovered more
about the processes of sleep and dreaming.
??????????????????????Psychologists study the
processes by which human personalities are
formed, develop and change. ??????????????????????
?
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Language Point 12 Creative thought depends on wh
at was unknown becoming known. (Para. 2) Meaning
Creative thought comes if one can change what
was unknown into something that is knowndepend
on happen according to count on The success of
the factory depends on the workers.
??????????????Depending on how much he sells,
his earnings will increase. ????????????????
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Language Point 13 ...it is easiest to examine it
in the great creative personalities, many of whom
experienced it in an intensified form and have
written it down in their life stories and
letters. (Para. 3) Meaning Many of the highly
creative persons had experiences of this sort and
felt its effects strongly, as you can find in
their life stories and letters, so their case is
easiest to study and understand.
Language Point 14 ...it is easiest to examine it
...(Para. 3) examine study or determineexamine
a tissue sample under a microscope
??????????????examine the structure of a novel
?????????examine one's own reasons ???????
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Language Point 15 ... the great creative personal
ities ...(Para. 3) personality n. 1. a person
who is well-known to the public Please note that
this is a countable noun in this sense.He is a
powerful personality. ???????????A number of
local personalities were present. ???????????2.
the quality or condition of being a personI like
Jack because he has a friendly personality.
?????????????? Language Point 16 ...in an intens
ified form ...(Para. 3) intensify v. make or
become stronger Efforts to reach the injured man
have been intensified because of a sudden turning
for the worse in the weather. ???????????,????????
?????The enemy's breakthrough intensified, as
there was no hope for their reinforcement.
??????,????????
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Post-reading Activity
?key to Exercise (pp.178-183)
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. Answer the following questions. (p.178)
1.Good ideas come from the unconscious.
Psychologists use the term to describe mental
processes which are unknown to the individual.
2.No. all of us have experienced the sudden
arrival of a new idea, but it is easiest to
examine it in the great creative personalities.
3.He was sick and could not sleep for noise
without and fever within. 4.No. he had been occup
ied with the idea of the Ring fro several
years, and for many months had been struggling to
make a start with the actual composing.
5.The rush and roar of water had become music and
the orchestral opening to the Rhinegold had at
last taken its shape within him.
6.The unconscious mind at the moment of creation
knew nothing of the atual process by which the
solution was found. A new concept may suddenly
explode into consciousness. 7.In the example of H
enri Poincare, we see the conscious mind actually
watching the unconscious at work.
8.Dream plays an important role. Descartes was
able to make the discovery with the help of his
dream.
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. Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
Change the form where necessary. (p.178)

1. Scientists have recently turned their
attention to natural sources of energy the sun,
the sea, the wind and hot springs.
2. If present directions continue, the world in
the years ahead will be more crowded, more
polluted and less stable ecologically(???) than
the world we live in now.3. The crowd surged out
from the gate.4. It's not reasonable to expect a
small child to understand such a difficult
question.5. The novel Tom Sawyer exemplifies
19th-century life in the United States.6. She
was unable to express her intense fear of the
witch (??) toy in the box. 7. When he got
upstairs very tired, John flung himself on a
couch.8. I can't say I share your enthusiasm for
the idea.
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Replace the underlined words or expressions in
the following sentences with text words or
expressions that best keep the original meaning.

1. Their present has been in the form of a cheque
for 100.taken the shape2. The freezing weather
is the cause of the breaks in the
concrete.responsible for3. A large majority of
elderly Americans count on government old age
income.depend on4. Are your opinions a good
example of those of other students? representativ
e of 5. She guessed that secret influences were
having an effect.at work6. After many hours'
talk, the group came to a decision.arrived at7.
Make a written record of my phone number in your
diary before you forget it.Write down8. The old
lady was engaged in making clothes for her
neighbors' children occupied with
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In each of the following items, you are given
two simple sentences. Combine the two simple
sentences to make one complex sentence that
contains an attributive clause.
1.It is easiest to examine the sudden arrival of
a new idea in the great creative personalities,
many of whom experienced it in an intensified
form.2.The Gaels' offspring are the modern
Scots and Irish, some of whom still speak the
Gaelic language.3.George explained that this
was the official dress for taking examinations,
many of which were held in June.4.At last the
miracle happened, for which his unconscious mind
had been seeking for so long. 5.The conscious
mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of
the actual processes by which the solution was
found.
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Complete the following sentences after the given
model, with the help of the words given in
brackets. 
1. The more books a man reads, ... (knowledge,
have) The more books a man reads, the more knowl
edge he will have.2. The more he thought about
it, ... (the less, like) The more he thought abo
ut it, the less he liked it.3. The smaller the
house is, ... (the less, pay)
The smaller the house is, the less you have to
pay for it.4. The more dangerous it is,
...(excited, feel) The more dangerous it is, the
more excited he feels. 5. The more you talk in
English, ...(progress, make) The more you talk i
n English, the more progress you will make.
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Translate the following sentences into English.
1. ?????????????? She was filled with pity for t
he poor diseased baby.2. (?)???????????
He who would search for jewels must dive
below.3. ?????????????,??????
I intended to go to see a film last night, but it
rained. 4. ??????????????????
There was a flood of complaints about the poor
service at the restaurant.5. ??????????????
Medical tests established that she was in good
health.
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Translate the following into Chinese.
All of us have experienced this sudden arrival
of a new idea, but it is easiest to examine it in
the great creative personalities, many of whom
experienced it in an intensified form and have
written it down in their life stories and
letters.     All truly creative activities