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Zionism in a world of nationalism and imperialism

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24,000 Jews. Arabs. Beduins turned sedentary. Live in Hills, not in ... Jews are 'dhimini'-Second Class Citizens. Funds to Purchase Land. Alliance ... Jews? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Zionism in a world of nationalism and imperialism


1
Zionism in a world of nationalism and imperialism
  • Prof. Noam Pianko, January 21, 2009

2
Lecture Goals
  • Review European Nationalism and the Origins of
    Zionism
  • Understand Jewish quest for a homeland in larger
    context of European Imperialism and world
    history, 1897-1917
  • Compare conflicting Arab and Jewish narratives of
    this process

3
Origins of Zionism
  • Historical Roots
  • Jewish experience
  • European ideologies
  • Ideological Tensions

4
Political Zionism
Theodore Herzl, 1860-1904
5
Achad Ha-am-Cultural Zionism
6
Religious ZionismAbraham Kook, 1865-1935
7
Zionism Continuity or Rupture?
  • Modern nations and all their impedimenta
    generally claim to be the opposite of novel,
    namely rooted in the remotest antiquity, and the
    opposite of constructured namely human
    communities so natural as to require no
    definition other than self-assertion. Whatever
    the historic or other continuities embedded in
    the modern concept of France and the
    Frenchand which nobody would seek to denythese
    very concepts themselves must include a
    constructed of invented component. (Hobsbawm,
    The Nation as Invented Tradition)

8
(No Transcript)
9
The New (Hebrew) Jew
10
Judaism, Israel, and Zionism
  • CONTINUITY
  • RUPTURE
  • Am Yisrael (People of Israel)
  • Land of Israel/Redemption
  • Historical Narrative
  • Myths and symbols
  • Secular
  • Nationhoodstatehood
  • Redemption
  • European Ideals of New Jew

11
Herzls Diary, 1897
  • Were I to sum up the Basel congress in a wordit
    would be this At Basel I founded the Jewish
    StatePerhaps in five years, and certainly in 50,
    everyone will know it.

12
The Ottoman Period (1517-1917)
13
Jews in the Turkish Empire
  • Palestine in Province of Syria
  • Population in 1880
  • 470,000 Arabs
  • 24,000 Jews

14
Jews and Arabs Under Turkish Rule
  • Arabs
  • Beduins turned sedentary
  • Live in Hills, not in coastal areas
  • Feuding villages, clans
  • Land owners outside Palestine
  • Jews
  • Live in 4 Holy Cities
  • Jews are dhimini-Second Class Citizens

15
Dream or Reality?
  • Funds to Purchase Land
  • Alliance with Great Powers
  • Arab Population
  • What is his strategy?

16
Herzl and the Sultan, 1901
  • No support for Jewish Homeland
  • Jewish Immigration Banned

17
The British Empire
  • 1903 Uganda Offer
  • Split between territorialist and Zionist
  • 1905 rejected at Zionist Conference
  • Why help the Jews?

18
New Imperialism
19
Zionism, imperialism and the Arabs
  • A Land without people for a people without a
    land (1854 by Lord Shaftesbury.)
  • We abroad are used to believing that Eretz
    Yisrael is now almost totally desolate, a desert
    that is not sowed.. But in truth this is not the
    case. Throughout the country it is difficult to
    find fields that are not sowed. Only sand dunes
    and stony mountainsare not cultivated. Ahad
    Ha-am 1891

20
Theodore Herzl, Old-New Land, 1904
  • What a question! It was a great blessing for all
    of us, returned Reschid. Naturally, the
    land-owners gained most because they were able to
    sell to the Jewish society at high prices, or to
    wait for still higher ones,

21
Zionism and Colonialism
  • Orientalism and assumptions about Arabs
  • Civilizing Mission dessert bloom

22
Zionism and Colonialism
  • No colonizing state
  • Limited exploitation of Arab workers
  • Jewish nationalism is anti-colonial
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