Diateza pasiva

1
Diateza pasiva

• (passive voice)
• -prezentare -

2
formare

• Fiecare timp are o schema de formare la diateza
  activa (vezi schemele de la timpurile verbale) si
  o schema de formare la diateza pasiva, ce vor fi
  prezentate mai jos.
• In diateza activa subiectul este cel care face
  actiunea.(ex.Mama uda florile).
• In diateza pasiva actiunea se rasfrange asupra
  subiectului.(ex. Florile sunt udate de mama).

3
observatii

• La absolut toate timpurile verbul este la forma a
  treia (cel neregulat) sau cu terminatia -ed
  (cel regulat). Ce se schimba pentru fiecare timp
  este ceea ce exista intre subiect si verb.
• In limba romana exista cel putin 2 modalitati de
  a exprima o actiune la diateza pasiva (se va
  ilustra la exemple). In limba engleza se respecta
  doar schema timpului respectiv.
• Simboluri
• Verb forma a treia sau cu terminatia
• -edgt V(III)/ V(-ed)

4
Present Simple

• Afirmativ S am/is/are V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S am/is/are not V(III)/ V(-ed)..
• Interogativ am/is/are S V(III)/ V(-ed)?
• Ex.
• Lectia este scrisa zilnic./ Se scrie lectia
  zilnic.
• The lesson is written daily.
• Vasele nu sunt spalate in fiecare seara./ Nu se
  spala vasele in fiecare seara.
• The dishes arent washed every evening.

5
Present Continuous

• Afirmativ S am/is/are being V(III)/
  V(-ed)
• Negativ S am/is/are not being V(III)/
• V(-ed)
• Interogativ am/is/are S being V(III)/
  V(-ed)?
• Ex.
• Lectia este scrisa acum./ Se scrie lectia acum.
• The lesson is being written now.
• Vasele nu sunt spalate acum./ Nu se spala vasele
  acum.
• The dishes are not being washed now.

6
Past Simple

• Afirmativ S was/were V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S was/were not V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Interogativ Was/were S V(III)/ V(-ed)?
• Ex.
• Lectia a fost scrisa ieri./ S-a scris lectia
  ieri.
• The lesson was written yesterday.
• Vasele nu au fost spalate acum 2 ore./ Nu s-au
  spalat vasele acum 2 ore.
• The dishes werent washed two hours ago.

7
Past Continuous

• Afirmativ S was/were being V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S was/were not being V(III)/
  V(-ed)
• Interogativ Was/were S being V(III)/
  V(-ed)?
• Ex.
• Lectia era scrisa (Se scria lectia) ieri pe
  vremea asta.
• The lesson was being written at this time
  yesterday.
• Vasele nu erau spalate (Vasele nu se spalau) ieri
  pe vremea asta.
• The dishes were not being washed at this time
  yesterday.

8
Present Perfect Simple

• Afirmativ S have/has been V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S have/has not been V(III)/
  V(-ed)
• Interogativ Have/has S been V(III)/
  V(-ed)?
• Ex
• S-a scris lectia.
• The lesson has been written.
• Nu s-au spalat vasele.
• The dishes havent been washed.

9
Past Perfect Simple

• Afirmativ S had been V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S had not been V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Interogativ Had S been V(III)/ V(-ed)?
• Ex.
• Se scrisese lectia inainte de ora 6.
• The lesson had been written by six oclock.
• Nu se spalasera vasele inainte de ora 6.
• The dishes hadnt been washed by six oclock.

10
Future Simple

• Afirmativ S will be V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S will not be V(III)/V(ed)
• Interogativ Will S be V(III)/ V(ed)?
• Observatie will not wont
• Ex.
• Se va scrie lectia.
• The lesson will be written.
• Nu se vor spala vasele.
• The dishes wont be washed.

11
Future Continuous

• Afirmativ S will be being V(III)/
  V(-ed)
• Negativ S will not be being V(III)/
  V(-ed)
• Interogativ Will S be being V(III)/
  V(-ed)?
• Ex.
• Se va scrie lectia maine pe vremea asta.
• The lesson will be being written at this time
  tomorrow.
• Nu se vor spala vasele maine pe vrema asta.
• The dishes wont be being washed at this time
  tomorrow.

12
Future Perfect

• Afirmativ S will have been V(III)/
  V(-ed)
• Negativ S will not have been
  V(III)/V(-ed)
• Interogativ Will S have been V(III)/
  V(-ed)?
• Ex.
• Se va scrie lectia pana la ora 7.
• The lesson will have been written by seven
  cclock.
• Nu se vor spala vasele pana la ora 7.
• The dishes wont have been washed by seven
  cclock.

13
going to Future

• Afirmativ S am/is/are going to be V(III)/
  V(-ed)
• Negativ S am/is/are not going to be
  V(III)/V(ed)
• Interogativ am/is/are S going to be
  V(III)/ V(ed)?
• Ex.
• Se intentioneaza scrierea lectiei.
• The lesson is going to be written.
• Nu se intentioneaza spalarea vaselor.
• The dishes arent going to be washed.

14
Future-in-the-Past

• Afirmativ S would be V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S would not be V(III)/V(ed)
• Interogativ would S be V(III)/ V(ed)?
• Ex.
• El a intrebat daca se va scrie lectia.
• He asked if the lesson would be written.
• Noi am spus ca nu se vor spala vasele.
• We said that the dishes wouldnt be washed.

15
Verbe modale (can, may, must, should
etc.)

• Afirmativ S modal be V(III)/ V(-ed)
• Negativ S modal not be V(III)/V(ed)
• Interogativ modal S be V(III)/ V(ed)?
• Ex.
• Lectia trebuie scrisa pana la ora 7.
• The lesson must be written by seven cclock.
• Nu ar trebui sa fie spalate vasele a doua zi.
• The dishes shouldnt be washed the next day.
• Vasele ar putea fi spalate repede.
• The dishes could be washed quickly.