SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS...

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SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS... JUST WHAT ARE
THEY???
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WHAT ARE STIS?

• Infectious diseases that are spread from person
  to person through intimate sexual contact
• Dangers of STIs
• 1. Can be deadly
• 2. Can cause sterility
• However
• Most STIs can be cured! There are more than 50
  different types of STIs that range from
  life-threatening to merely irritating.

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STIs The Hidden Epidemic

• Many StIs go undiagnosed
• Many STIs can be asymptomatic without symptoms
• Results
• People who do not seek treatment b/c they do not
  know they are infected
• People who are infected but dont know will
  continue to transmit STIs
• People who contract an STI from someone who is
  infected (without knowing) will pass the STI on
  to others.

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Consequences of STIs

• STIs can be serious and can cause major damage
  to the body
• - some are incurable
• - some cause cancer
• - some can cause reproductive
• complications
• - some can be passed from mother to child,
  before, during, or after birth

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Categories of STIs

• STIs are classified as 1 of 3 types
• Bacterial
• Viral
• Parasitic

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Bacterial STIs

• Bacterial
• - Single cell organism capable of reproducing
  on their own
• - can be cured by using antibiotics
• prescribed by a doctor
• - Can be cured, but many times the damage
  caused by the STI cannot be reversed

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Bacterial STIs

• Chlamydia most common STI
• - If left untreated, it will cause serious
  painful infections of the urinary tract and
  discharge in men.
• - MOST females show NO symptoms if they do,
  painful urination, vaginal discharge, bleeding
• - If left untreated, can result in PID or
  sterility in both sexes
• - enters the body by the mouth, rectum, vagina
  penis

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Bacterial STDs

• Gonorrhea infection of the urinary tract of
  males and females, and the reproductive organs of
  females
• - painful urination and discharge.
• - Symptoms in females can be very mild and may
  not be noticed. If left untreated, sterility in
  both sexes.
• - An infected female can transmit gonorrhea to
  her baby during birth which can cause blindness
• - enters by direct mucous membrane contact
  during sex through mouth, penis, vagina, anus and
  throat

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Bacterial STIs

• Syphilis multi staged STI
• - stage one is characterized by a small painless
  sore called a chancre sore
• - stage 2 secondary syphilis begins 2-8
  weeks after the first stage. Flu-like symptoms,
  sores in the mouth, non itch rash on hands and
  feet
• - stage 3 latent stage - symptoms disappear
  for years, but the bacteria attacks the brain and
  the circulatory system. Damage that occurs in
  this stage is permanent and can cause death
• - enters the body through mucous membrane
  contact w/ sores during sex by penis, vagina,
  anus, mouth or break in skin

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SYPHILIS CONT

• Long term Problems
• - paralysis
• - convulsions
• - blindness
• - heart disease
• -mental retardation
• - unborn child can be born with damage to
  nervous system or can die during birth

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Viral STIs

• Virus small organisms that are unable to
  reproduce on their own need a host
• There are NO cures for viral STIs
• They can lie dormant without any symptoms for
  periods of times
• Symptoms can be relieved using antiviral
  medication

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Viral STIs

• AIDS most serious and deadly STI
• Aids is the final stage of infection by a virus
  known as the HIV virus - Human Immunodeficiency
  Virus
• Virus is passes from one person to another
  through contact with an infected persons bodily
  fluids usually semen or vaginal secretions, or
  blood

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Cont AIDs

• Symptoms within 3-4 weeks of exposure to HIV an
  infected person experiences flu-like symptoms
• They disappear and it may be years in which the
  person feels fine and show no outward signs
• Meanwhile, Helper T cells are being destroyed,
  allowing for opportunistic diseases to occur due
  to a weak immune system. Aids victims usually
  die from
• 1. Pneumocystis Carinii - rare from of
  pneumonia
• 2. Kaposis Sarcoma - cancerous tumors that
  spread throughout the body

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Viral STIs

• Genital Warts most common viral STI
• Caused by the human papilloma virus
• -once a person is infected, the virus remains in
  the body forever. Infections occurs by physical
  contact, sexual or other wise.
• - One to eight months after infections, warts
  appear in clusters, usually in the genital area.
• - Can cause cervical cancer in women.
• - Warts can be removed by a physical, but the
  virus remains
• - transmitted through sex

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Viral STIs

• Genital Herpes clusters of painful blisters that
  appear on or around the genitals
• First outbreak in usually the worst
• New eruptions appear to be related to stress
• Most contagious whenever blisters are present
  should refrain from sexual intercourse during
  outbreak of blisters or while they are healing
• transmitted by direct, intimate contact through
  penis, vagina, anus, mouth, and can be
  transferred to the eyes if sore is touched

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Viral STIs

• Hepatitis B an STI that attacks the liver
• Spread through contact of infected, blood, semen
  or saliva and transmitted by penis, vagina, anus,
  mouth, skin breaks, blood
• Virus can survive on objects for a LONG time
• Symptoms fever, fatigue, loss of appetite,
  jaundice
• Can cause serious liver damage
• No cure, but there is an effective vaccine

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Parasitic STIs

• Parasite an organism that lives on or in a host
  organism and gets its food from its host.
• Parasites can be killed with medication
• - Pubic lice female lice attack eggs to the
  pubic hair and skin - causes intense itching.
• Symptoms itching, rash, pinhead sized blood
  spots on underwear.
• Treatment consists of a special medicated shampoo
• - can be acquired from dirty bed lines,
  clothing, sex

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Parasitic STIs

• Scabies mites burrow into the skin and lay
  eggs.
• They cause red, swollen itchy bumps.
• Enter into the skin by either sex or skin contact
• Sypmtoms itching in the genital area
• Treatment included hot baths and medicated creams

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Parasitic STIs

• Trichomoniasis a parasite that causes vaginitis,
  which is the term for inflammation of the vagina.
• Female symptoms thick vaginal discharge gray
  or greenish in color, painful urination
• Male none, or mild burning when urinating, or
  temporary irritation inside the penis
• Can live for a few hours on dirty, damp towels,
  washcloths, bathing suits.
• Treatment medicine from a doctor, or OTC
  curable

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Where to get help

• Prevention of STIs is everyones responsibility
• Physical Responsibility STIs can cause major,
  life long damage to the body
• - embarrassment should not stop you from
  seeking help

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Where to get help

• Social Responsibility you have a social
  responsibility to tell all people that you have
  had sexual contact with!
• Abstain from all sexual activity until treated
• Do not donate blood, organs or semen

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Where to get help

• Places to Turn
• Private Physician
• Health Clinic
• ONLY A HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL CAN PRESCRIBE THE
  CORRECT TREATMEN FOR STIs!!!