Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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What are STDs

• Sexually transmitted diseases
• Sometimes called venereal diseases (VDs)
• Infections caught from sexual contact with an
  infected person.
• Untreated STDs can seriously damage your health

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What causes STDs?

• STDs are caused by tiny organisms that are passed
  from one person to another through an exchange of
  body fluids eg. Blood, semen and vaginal
  secretions.

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How do you get an STD?

• STDs are spread through the body fluids of an
  infected person.
• Some STDs, like genital herpes and genital warts,
  can be spread by direct contact with infected
  skin.

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Who is at risk?

• No one is immune. If you are sexually active, you
  are at risk.
• If you are sexually active with a partner who has
  an STD, you may become infected.

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Who is at risk?

• Your chances of infection increase with each new
  sexual partner.
• If just one partner has an STD, you are at risk.

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What are the symptoms?

• Be alert to physical changes in the genital area
  in yourself and others, or to sores around the
  mouth.

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• Warning signs may appear right away, or not show
  up for weeks or even months after contact with an
  infected person.
• Symptoms may come and go, even though the disease
  is still there.

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What are the symptoms?

• Early symptoms usually but not always show up
  in men.
• Women, however, may not experience any symptoms
  from some STDs until the disease has caused
  permanent damage.

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What are the symptoms?

• Left untreated, these STDs can leave a woman
  unable to have children.

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How can STDs be prevented?

• The only sure ways to prevent infection
• Be abstinent
• Never share needles for intravenous drug use,
  tattooing, or any skin piercing.

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What should I do if I think I have an STD?

• An untreated STD will only get worse. You must be
  tested by a doctor or at an STD clinic. Tests are
  safe and private.
• STD National Hotline [phone]
• National AIDS Hotline [phone]-AIDS

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What is HIV Infection?

• HUMAN
• IMMUNODEFICIENCY
• VIRUS

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How do you get an STD?

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
• The virus that causes AIDS

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How is HIV transmitted?

• 1.Through the sexual contact with an HIV infected
  person.
• Virus is present in semen and vaginal fluid.

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How is HIV transmitted?

• 2.Through sharing HIV infected needles or
  syringes.
• 3. From an HIV infected mother to an infant in
  the womb, during birth or during breast feeding.

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How is HIV transmitted?

• 4. Through the transfusion of HIV infected blood
  or blood products.
• Canada and USA all blood is screened since
  November 1985.

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AIDS

• Acquired-passed from one person to another
• Immune-bodys defence system
• Deficiency-defence system is not working
• Syndrome-symptoms that mean a person has a
  particular disease.

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AIDS

• THREE STAGES
• Asymptomatic no symptoms
• Symptomatic weight loss, loss of appetite,
  fever, rash, diarrhea, night sweats, tiredness

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AIDS

• 3. Immune system impaired
• Otherwise controllable infections invade the body
  eventually causing death
• Cough, fever, difficulty breathing
• Cancer and Dementia (brain damage)

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Ontario HIV AIDS Statistics-

• 24,891 number of people in Ontario living with
  HIV AIDS
• 62 of those infected are bisexual men
• Ontario is one the few provinces that offers
  anonymous testing

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Genital Herpes

• What is it? Virus which causes sores on sex
  organs or mouth.

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• Symptoms Small, painful sores/blisters on
  genitals.
• TreatmentNo known cure for herpes. Treatment is
  to reduce pain and speed healing. Sores heal but
  may appear again.

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Genital Warts (Human Papaloma Virus)

• What is it?Virus which infects the sex organs
  and may cause warts or bumps.

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• Symptoms Small, painless bumps on genitals may
  itch.
• TreatmentNo know cure for wart virus. If
  visible, wart can be removed (burnt off) but the
  virus remains.

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Chlamydia

• What is it?Bacteria which causes infections in
  urethra, cervix, and pelvic organs in women.
  Usually infects urethra (urine passage) in men.
• Curable

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• SymptomsSimilar to gonnorrhea. Women may not
  experience any symptoms but 25 of females become
  infertile . Males may experience a green or
  yellow discharge from the penis.

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Gonnorrhea

• What is it?Bacteria which most often infects
  cervix and urethra (urine passage). Can also
  infect throat or rectum. Can spread to testicles
  in men or to the pelvic area in women.
• Curable if detected in first stage.

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• SymptomsUnusual discharge or burning feeling
  from penis or vagina. Some women may have
  spotting between periods. Fever, vomiting,
  sterility if untreated.

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Syphilis

• What is it?Bacteria which causes infections on
  sex organs and will spread throughout body if
  untreated. Curable if treated.

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• SymptomsFirst stage small, painless sores on
  genitals, mouth or anus. Second stage rash,
  swollen glands, fever or tiredness. If untreated,
  may damage brain, eyes, heart and other organs.
  Can lead to insanity and paralysis.

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SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES

• 12,000 teenagers get a STD every day
• 1 in 3 sexually active teens has a STD
• There are 50 different types of STDs
• 25 are incurable.