Computer Graphics

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Computer Graphics Image ProcessingLecture 1
Introduction
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• ROBIN WALIA
• Lecturer
• ECE DEPARTMENT
• MMEC, MULLANA-AMBALA
• Email robinwalia1_at_gmail.com
• Office Room 220

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Text Book (s)

• Gonzalez, R. C. and Woods, R. E., Digital Image
• Processing, Second Edition, Pearson-Prentice
  Hall,
• Inc., 2002. ISBN 81-7758-168-6.
• Gonzalez, R. C., Woods, R. E., and Eddins, S. L.,
• Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB,
  Pearson-Prentice Hall, Inc., 2004, ISBN
  81-7758-898-2.

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Computer Graphics

• Graphics are visual presentations on some
  surface, such as a wall, computer screen, paper,
  or stone to brand, or entertain. Examples are
  photographs, drawings, graphs, diagrams, maps,
  engineering drawings, or other images
• Computer graphics are graphics created using
  computers and, more generally, the
  representation and manipulation of pictorial
  data by a computer.
• Developments in computer graphics have had a
  profound impact on many types of media and have
  revolutionized the animation and video game
  industry.

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Computer Graphics

• The term Computer Graphics has several meanings
• the representation and manipulation of pictorial
  data by a computer
• the various technologies used to create and
  manipulate such pictorial data, and
• the images so produced

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What is an Image?

• Image is a source of information according to
  information theory
• An image may be defined as a two dimensional
  function f(x,y) where x and y are spatial
  coordinates and amplitude of f at any pair of
  coordinates (x,y) is called the intensity
  or Gray level of the image at that point.

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Digital Image

• When x,y and the amplitude values of f are all
  finite, discrete quantities, we call the
  image a Digital Image.
• A digital Image is composed of a finite number
  of elements each of which has a
  particular location and value
• These elements are referred to as Picture
  Elements, Image Elements, Pels or Pixels.

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Pixel

• In digital imaging, a pixel is the smallest piece
  of information in an image.
• Pixels are normally arranged in a regular
  2-dimensional grid, and are often represented
  using dots or squares
• The intensity of each pixel is variable in color
  systems, each pixel has typically three or four
  components such as red, green, and blue, or cyan,
  magenta, yellow, and black

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Why do we Process Images?
Facilitate picture storage and transmissionEnha
nce and restore imagesExtract information from
imagesPrepare for display or Printing
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EM Spectrum
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Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingImage
Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingImage
Enhancement
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingImage
Restoration
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingMorphologi
cal Processing
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Object Recognition
Representation Description
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingSegmentati
on
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingRepresenta
tion Description
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingObject
Recognition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingImage
Compression
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Key Stages in Digital Image ProcessingColour
Image Processing
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Representation Description
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Color Image Processing
Image Compression
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Applications of Image Processing
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1. Image Restoration
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Image Colorization
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Image Enhancement
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Face Detection
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Face Tracking
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Face Morphing
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Finger Print Recognition
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Personal Identification Using Iris
Recognition
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Image Processing Components
Image Sensing deviceStorage MediaProcessing
SystemsDisplaysCommunication MediaHardcopy
devices (e.g Printer)
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Camera
Lens (CMount, CSMount, Motorized) Optical
Filter (Selectivity in EM waves) Imaging Sensor
(CCD Sensor) Flash (Used for lighting/Illuminati
on) Front Illumination Back IlluminationDigiti
zer
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Processing systems
PC based General purpose PCs Servers Indust
rial PCsEmbedded system based DSP processor
based FPGA based System on chip (SoC)
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Any question