Chapter 18 Section 1 Astronomy: The Original Science

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Chapter 18Section 1Astronomy The Original
Science

• 1 Describe two early ideas about the structure of
  the universe.
• 2. Describe the contributions of Brahe, Kepler,
  Galileo, Newton, and Hubble to modern astronomy

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Log Sept. 20th

• Suppose that you need to explain the concepts of
  a year, a month and a day to a small child. Write
  a paragraph and draw a picture describing the
  motion of the earth.

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Our Modern Calendar

• Year- the time it takes the earth to orbit the
  sun

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Day

• The circumference of the Earth at the equator is
  25,000 miles.
• The Earth rotates in about 24 hours.
• Therefore, if you were to hang above the surface
  of the Earth at the equator without moving, you
  would see 25,000 miles pass by in 24 hours, at a
  speed of 25000/24 or just over 1000 miles per
  hour.

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Day- the earth rotates once on its axis
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Month- the time it takes the moon to orbit the
earth
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Early Astronomy

• Ptolemy (Toleme)
• Greek astronomer
• Earth center of universe

• Copernicus
• Polish
• Sun centered universe

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• Tycho Brahe
• Danish Astronomer
• Late 1500s
• Sun and moon revolved around the Earth
• Other planets revolved around the sun

• Johannes Kepler (yo hon ees)
• Brahes Assistant
• All planets revolved around the sun in a
  elliptical orbit
• Laws of Planetary Motion

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1st law

• I. The orbits of the planets are ellipses, with
  the Sun at one focus of the ellipse.

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Galileo Telescope

• One of the first to use a telescope
• Discovered
• Sun spots
• Craters mountains on moon
• Planets are not wandering stars

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Isaac Newton

• Explained the laws of gravity
• Gravity depends on mass

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Edwin Hubble

• 1924
• Proved other galaxies exist beyond milky way

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Log Sept. 21st

• Describe month, day and year.
• If you need trade with someone and evaluate their
  Buried Treasure Directions
• Start DR

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Fold CHart
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Log Sept. 22nd

• Create a time line using the astronomers that we
  have learned about. Use you text to find what
  year the wrote their theories.
• Ptolemy
• Galileo
• Tycho
• Kelpler
• Copernicus
• Hubble
• Newton
• What instrument did Tycho use to make discoveries?