Measuring Up 2004

1
Measuring Up 2004

• South Dakota

2
Measuring Up The Basics

• Looks at higher education for the entire state,
  not individual colleges and universities.
  
• Focuses on undergraduate education and training
  beyond high school.
  
• Measures performance, not effort.
• Diagnostic rather than prescriptive.
• New this year progress over the past decade.

3
Measuring Up The Basics

• Six categories of performance (five graded).
• Grades benchmarked to best performing states.
• Uses nationally comparable data, available from
  public sources.
  
• Uses the most recent data available.
• In general, data have a two-year time lag.
• Affordability data are one year old.

4
Measuring Up Graded Categories
Preparation How adequately are students being
prepared for education and training beyond high
school? Participation Do state residents enroll
in education and training beyond high school?
Affordability How affordable is higher
education for students and their families?
Completion Do students make progress toward and
complete certificates and degrees in a timely
manner? Benefits What benefits does the state r
eceive as a result of having a more
highly-educated population? Learning What is kn
own about student learning as a result of
education and training beyond high school?
5
National TrendsOver the Past Decade

• Eight states, including South Dakota, improved
  substantially in Preparation as well as in
  Participation.
  
• Thirty-six states improved substantially in
  Preparation but failed to improve in
  Participation.
  
• Almost all states, including South Dakota, have
  lost ground in Affordability.

6
Over the Past Decade, South Dakota Has Improved
in Higher Education But Not in Making College
Affordable
7
SOUTH DAKOTA
2004 Report Card
Preparation Participation Affordability Complet
ion
Benefits Learning
B
B
F
B
C-
I
8
SOUTH DAKOTA
Improvement Over Past Decade
?
Preparation
Participation
Affordability
Completion
Benefits
Learning
What do the arrows mean?
Improved on more than half of the indicators in
the category.
Improved on some, but no more than half, of the
indicators in the category.
Declined on every indicator in the category.
9
Preparation
SOUTH DAKOTA
2004 Grade
Improvement Over Decade
B
10
NATIONAL SNAPSHOT
Preparation
11
WESTERN REGION
Preparation
South Dakotas performance in Preparation
is in the middle in Western states.
100
90
83
Grades
80
A A- B B B- C C C- D D D- F
93 and up 90-92 87-89 83-86 80-82
77-79 73-76 70-72 67-69 63-66 60-6
2
Below 60
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
NM
NV
AZ
OR
ID
CA
HI
WY
AK
WA
SD
ND
MT
CO
UT
Western States
12
Preparation
SOUTH DAKOTA

• STRENGTHS
• Very large proportions of high school students
  enroll in upper-level math and science.
  
• 8th graders perform extremely well on national
  assessments in math and reading. Top performer in
  percentage of low-income 8th graders scoring high
  on national math assessments.

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Preparation
SOUTH DAKOTA
STRENGTHS Two-thirds of secondary school students
are taught by qualified teachers. Percentage
increased substantially over past decadeone of
steepest increases of all states.
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Preparation
SOUTH DAKOTA

• WEAKNESSES
• Small proportions of 11th and 12th graders take
  and score well on Advanced Placement and college
  entrance exams.
  
• Native Americans are about half as likely as
  white students to enroll in upper-level science,
  and about quarter as likely to enroll in
  upper-level math.

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Participation
SOUTH DAKOTA
2004 Grade
Improvement Over Decade
B
16
NATIONAL SNAPSHOT
Participation
17
WESTERN REGION
Participation
South Dakotas performance in Participation
is in the middle in Western states.
100
89
90
Grades
80
A A- B B B- C C C- D D D- F
93 and up 90-92 87-89 83-86 80-82
77-79 73-76 70-72 67-69 63-66 60-6
2
Below 60
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
ID
AK
WA
MT
NV
UT
OR
HI
CO
WY
SD
AZ
NM
ND
CA
Western States
18
Participation
SOUTH DAKOTA

• STRENGTHS
• Over past decade, likelihood of 9th graders
  enrolling in college within four years increased,
  while nation declined. Smaller percentage of
  students graduate from high school compared with
  decade ago, but more who graduate enroll in
  college.

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Participation
SOUTH DAKOTA

• WEAKNESSES
• Small proportion of working-age adults are
  enrolled in college-level education.

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Affordability
SOUTH DAKOTA
2004 Grade
Improvement Over Decade
F
21
NATIONAL SNAPSHOT
Affordability
22
WESTERN REGION
Affordability
South Dakotas performance in Affordability
is among the worst in Western states however,
overall performance in the region is poor.
100
90
Grades
80
A A- B B B- C C C- D D D- F
93 and up 90-92 87-89 83-86 80-82
77-79 73-76 70-72 67-69 63-66 60-6
2
Below 60
70
60
50
50
40
30
20
10
0
MT
OR
SD
ND
AZ
NV
WA
WY
AK
NM
CO
ID
HI
UT
CA
Western States
23
Affordability
SOUTH DAKOTA

• WEAKNESSES
• Net college costs for low- and middle-income
  students to attend public four-year colleges and
  universities represent third of annual family
  income. These families earn on average 20,600
  annually.

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Completion
SOUTH DAKOTA
2004 Grade
Improvement Over Decade
B
25
NATIONAL SNAPSHOT
Completion
26
WESTERN REGION
Completion
South Dakotas performance in Completion
is among the best in the West.
100
90
85
Grades
80
A A- B B B- C C C- D D D- F
93 and up 90-92 87-89 83-86 80-82
77-79 73-76 70-72 67-69 63-66 60-6
2
Below 60
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
AK
NV
NM
CA
OR
HI
MT
ID
AZ
CO
UT
ND
SD
WY
WA
Western States
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Completion
SOUTH DAKOTA

• STRENGTHS
• Large percentages of freshmen at community
  colleges and four-year colleges return for second
  year. Retention rate at four-year colleges
  increased over past decade, while nation
  declined.

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Completion
SOUTH DAKOTA

• STRENGTHS
• Over past few years, South Dakota has increased
  percentage of students completing bachelors
  degree within six yearsmore than nationwide
  increase.

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Completion
SOUTH DAKOTA
STRENGTHS Very large percentage of students compl
ete certificates and degrees relative to number
enrolled. Percentage increased substantially over
past decade, outpacing national increase.
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Benefits
SOUTH DAKOTA
2004 Grade
Improvement Over Decade
C-
31
NATIONAL SNAPSHOT
Benefits
32
WESTERN REGION
Benefits
South Dakotas performance in Benefits
is among the worst in Western states.
100
90
Grades
80
72
A A- B B B- C C C- D D D- F
93 and up 90-92 87-89 83-86 80-82
77-79 73-76 70-72 67-69 63-66 60-6
2
Below 60
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
WY
NV
SD
ID
ND
MT
NM
UT
HI
OR
AZ
AK
WA
CA
CO
Western States
33
Benefits
SOUTH DAKOTA

• WEAKNESSES
• Compared with other states, only fair proportion
  of state residents have bachelors degree.

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Benefits
SOUTH DAKOTA

• ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
• If all ethnic groups had same educational
  attainment and earnings as whites, total personal
  income in state would be about 143 million
  higher, and state would realize an estimated 50
  million in additional tax revenues.

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Learning
SOUTH DAKOTA
Forty-five states, including South Dakota,
receive an Incomplete in Learning because no
comparable data exist to allow for meaningful
state-by-state comparisons.
2004 Grade
I
36
Learning
NATIONAL SNAPSHOT
37
Learning
GRADING LEARNING
States with a plus grade (IL, KY, NV, OK, SC)
participated in a national pilot project on
measuring Learning led by the National Forum on
College-Level Learning.
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Learning
GRADING LEARNING
The pilot project measured the states in terms
of Literacy levels of the states residents Wh
at are the abilities of the college-educated?
Graduates readiness for advanced practice How
well do colleges and universities enable students
to contribute to the workforce?
Performance of college graduates How
effectively can college graduates communicate and
solve problems?
39
SOUTH DAKOTA

• Policy Questions

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Policy Questions
SOUTH DAKOTA

• Can South Dakota better utilize tribal colleges
  and public colleges and universities to improve
  participation and completion in the state?
  
• Can South Dakota provide more opportunities for
  working-age adults to enroll in higher education?

41
Policy Questions
SOUTH DAKOTA

• Can the state develop financial aid programs that
  more effectively meet the needs of students from
  low-income families?
  
• Can two-year colleges be made more affordable to
  encourage the enrollment of low-income and
  working-age adults?

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For More Information

• Full State Report
• Measuring Up 2004 http//measuringup.highereducati
  on.org
  
• About the Center
• The National Center for Public Policy and Higher
  Education http//www.highereducation.org