Villars 2004

1
Villars 2004

• Report on the SPSC Villars Meeting
• September 22-28 2004
• John Dainton
• University of Liverpool, GB
• (on behalf of the SPSC)

2
Villars 2004

1. Framework
2. Machines and Beams
3. Heavy Ions
4. Neutrinos
5. Soft and Hard Protons
6. Antiproton Physics
7. Flavour Physics
8. Other Topics
9. Summary

• Report on the SPSC Villars Meeting
• September 22-28 2004
• John Dainton
• University of Liverpool, GB
• (on behalf of the SPSC)

Note 8/10/04 Overheads are here exactly as
presented apart from a small number of bugs which
have been fixed, and apart from the inclusion of
some overheads skipped in the seminar because of
time pressure.
3
1. Framework
4
Charge
? to review present and future activities and
opportunities in fixed-target physics, and to
consider possibilities and options for a future
fixed target programme at CERN globally
important realistic (beams
resources) short, intermediate, and long
term ? from the SPC
SPSC not in approval/rejection mode !
5
Timetable
? groups working on fixed target experiments
at CERN, and also groups which have in mind the
submission of proposals for such experiments, to
forward to the SPSC secretariat in due time a
short report indicating their ideas and plans for
the future ? SPSC67 April 2004 11
submissions received COMPASS DIRAC kp
atoms CNGS

committed beyond 2005
6
Submissions of Interest
Expression of Interest to Measure Rare Kaon Decays at the CERN SPS (NA48-Future Working Group) A New Experimental Programme with Nuclei and Proton Beams at the CERN SPS (M. Gazdzicki for NA49 Colln) Electromagnetic processes in strong crystalline fields - exploring the Schwinger field (U.I. Uggerhoj for NA43 Colln) COMPASS 2005-201x (A. Magnon for NA58/COMPASS Colln) Atomic Spectroscopy and Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons (R.S. Hayano for AD-3/ASACUSA Colln) Hadron production measurements (J. Panman for PS214/HARP Colln) Possible Future Experimental Searches at CERN in Astroparticle Physics (K. Zioutas for the CAST Colln) Measurement of antimatter gravity with an (anti)matter wave interferometer (C. Regenfus, Physik Inst . Univ. Zürich) Expression of Interest Study of dimuon and heavy-flavour production in proton-nucleus and heavy-ion collisions Antihydrogen Laser Experiment Roadmap (J.S. Hangst) RD for Antimatter Spectroscopy (Neutral Atom Trap (NEAT) Colln)
7
Timetable contd
? May 25-26 CERN SPL Workshop (also _at_
Villars) ? June 5-8 High Intensity Workshop
(INFN) HIF04 (also _at_ Villars) ? SPSC68 July
6 2004 programme finalised (speakers fixed) ?
September 22 to 28 Villars ? October Seminar _at_
CERN ? December report to RB SPC
8
Organisation
topic chief convener conveners
anti-protons H Bialkowska R Batley, M de Jong G Hamel de Monchenault
neutrinos D Wark M Doser, M Piccolo
heavy flavor G Hamel de Monchenault S Forte J Ritman,A Schäfer
soft and hard hadrons U Stösslein M Doser, S Forte S Kox
Heavy Ions L Kluberg I Brock, A Schäfer
9
Programme
Date Morning Afternoon Afternoon
Wednesday Sept 22 CERN perspveaccelr MMWSPL HIF Heavy Ion 1
Thursday Sept 23 Heavy Ion 2 Neutrino 1 Neutrino 1
Friday Sept 24 Neutrino 2 Soft and hard hadron physics 1 Soft and hard hadron physics 1
Saturday Sept 25 Soft and hard hadron physics 2 Anti-proton 1 Anti-proton 1
Sunday Sept 26 Anti-proton 2 HF 1 HF 1
Monday Sept 27 HF 2 Other Topics Discussion
Tuesday Sept 28 Summary, Discussion Conclusions


1 including presentations by convenors of
conclusions concerning physics directions
10
Format
Topic structure
Session 1 Session 2
Keynote introduction1 Invited presentations with discussion2 Further discussion3 Summary4
Invited speaker experiments all convenors



1 keynote speaker(s) for status and outlook
including and beyondCERN 2 includes CERN
experiment and CERN proto-experiment
representatives and, if essential, also
summariser(s) from other labs 3 focussing on
future strategy 4 first draft of conclusions
concerning physics directions
11
Documentation
? Overheads ? Submitted documents ? WG Convenor
summaries ? Summary speakers conclusions ?
SPSC conclusions in Chairs seminar overheads ?
Summary of conclusions and recommendations
written SPSC members ( convenors chair)
12
2. Machines and Beams
Aymar, Benedikt, Cervelli, Elsener, Engelen,
Garoby, Gatignon, Palladino
13
Users View of Futurepre Villars04
Garoby
? as heard by HIP from users
USER CERN COMMITMENT USERS WISHES USERS WISHES
USER Short term (low cost) Medium term (intermt cost asap ! Long term (high cost gt2013)
LHC Planned beams Ultimate luminosity Luminosity upgrades
FT (COMPASS) 7.2105 spills/y ? 7.2105 spills/y
CNGS 4.51019 p/year Upgrade 2
ISOLDE 1.92 mA Upgrade 5
Future n beams gt 2 GeV / 4 MW
EURISOL 1-2 GeV / 5 MW
1350 pulses/h 3.21013 ppp
Reference value for analysis
14
Upgrades
Benedikt Garoby

• ? beam loss irradiation _at_ high intensity
• multi-turn ejection from PS (island extractn)
• ? period 0.6 s ?
  0.9 s ?
• gt cost gt
• worse PSB flexibility
  better
• ? intensity/SPS pulse ? increase CNGS flux
• - machine impedance (kickers, RF) ?
• - injection energy ?
• - bunching in the PS ?

only
15
Without upgrades
Benedikt Garoby
2006 2007 2010 Basic users request
CNGS flux 1019 pot/year 4.4 4.2 4.9 4.5
FT spills 105 /year 3.3 1.8 3.3 7.2
E Hall spills 106 /year 1.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
NTOF flux 1019 pot/year 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5
ISOLDE flux µA no. pulses/hour 1.84 1296 1.65 1160 1.74 1220 1.92 1350
72 bunch train for LHC at PS exit 1011 ppb 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 (2)
with important irradn of PS equipt ultimate
beam in LHC
16
With upgrades
Benedikt Garoby
?(i) PSB repetition period of 0.9 s (ii)
7x1013 ppp in SPS (iii) Linac4 injecting into
PSB
Standard (i) CNGS x2 batch (i)(ii) Linac 4 (i)(ii) (iii) Basic users request
CNGS flux 1019 pot/year 4.7 (4.5) 7.0 (4.5) 7.5 (4.5) 4.5
FT spills 105 /year 3.2 (3.4) 3.0 (5.1) 3.2 (5.6) 7.2
E Hall spills 106/year 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
NTOF flux 1019 pot/year 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5
ISOLDE flux µA no. pulses/hour 3.0 2126 2.45 1722 6.2 2160 1.9 1350
72 bunch train for LHC at PS exit 1011 ppb 1.5 1.5 2 1.3 (2)
17
Fixed target ? CNGS
Benedikt Garoby
?FT CNGS share SPS cycles
CNGS request 4.5 1019 pot/year
FT request 7.2 105 spills/year
Without changes
Double batch Linac4
J
J
Double batch
?impossible to meet FT CNGS demands
18
Fixed target ? CNGS
Benedikt Garoby
?FT CNGS share SPS cycles
FT CNGS
LHC CNGS
?impossible to get closer to FT CNGS demands ?
19
Scope of Future Options
Benedikt Garoby
interest for interest for interest for interest for
LHC upgrade Neutrino physics beyond CNGS Radio-active ion beams (EURISOL) Others
Low energy 50 Hz RCS ( 400 MeV/2.5 GeV) Valuable Very interesting for super-beam beta-beam No ?
50 Hz SPL ( 2 GeV ) Valuable Very interesting for super-beam beta-beam Ideal Spare flux Þ possibility to serve more users
High energy 8 Hz RCS (30-50 GeV) Valuable Very interesting for neutrino factory No Valuable
New PS (30-50 GeV) Valuable No No Valuable
1 TeV LHC injector Very interesting for luminosity upgrade. Essential for LHC energyx2 No No Valuable
synergy
20
Strategy (and action)
Benedikt Garoby

• ? start 2004/5
• - PS multi-turn ejection
• - increase SPS intensity (impacts all machines)
• - 0.9s PSB repetition
• ? Linac 4 design
• ? construction decision _at_ end 2006
• ? prepare decision on optimum future accelerator
• - study of a Superconducting Proton Linac (SPL)
• - alternative scenarios for the LHC upgrade
• context for SPSC strategy and input

21
CERN 2004
Gatignon
22
North 2004
Gatignon
COMPASS
23
East 2004
Gatignon
24
North Heavy Ions gt2005
Gatignon
After the long shut-down ions will be injected
into the SPS via LEIR. The LEIR project has been
launched for filling the LHC with ions. Filling
the SPS instead will require more resources.
If the ions are required for the SPS fixed target
program and if the required resources are made
available, one might expect to get

• Lead ions from 2009 (after PS-SPS-LHC ions
  running-in)
• Other (lighter) ions depending on LHC ion
  physics program.

It should be noted that many relevant
non-radioactive ion species are possible in
principle, but with significant preparation time
and effort. Note that North Area and LHC ions are
exclusive if not the same ion
Possible intensities are up to 109 Pb54 from
LEIR per transfer (3.6 sec). They can be limited
in LEIR with an interlock based on a BCT
measurement. Limitation of flux in EHN1 requires
new TAX blocks (up to 300 kCHF/beam).
25
North µ Hadrons
Gatignon
? M2 for COMPASS (approved) - µ 190 GeV/c -
2dary hadrons 280 GeV/c - e 40 GeV/c ? M2
for COMPASS (future?) - primary p -
hyperons ? M2 intensity ?
?
rebuild ? CHF
radlim ? CHF
26
North Kaons gt 2005
Gatignon
? to separate or not to separate ? -
acceptance unseparated 100 x separated - tag
_at_ 109 Hz
K 6.2 p 71.1 p 22.7 - K-
6.8 p- 90.8 ?p 2.4
gt x 40 K /year
27
CERN ? LNGS CNGS
Elsener
28
CERN ? LNGS CNGS
Elsener
? beam in 2006
29
CNGS making ?
Elsener
? largest intensity ? E? for ?e ? ?t
700 m 100 m 1000m
67 m
p C ? (interactions) ? p, K ? (decay in
flight) ? m nm
30
CNGS Horizon
? nominal (1999) - 2.4x1013 p /extraction -
4.8x1013 p /cycle - 4.5x1019 p /year
eg 200 days 55 efficiency LHC MD
LHC fill FT
? 2nd look (2001) - 3.5x1013 p /extraction -
7x1013 p /cycle - 13.8x1019 p /year
target rods ? windows ? heating target, horn
? shielding ?
?
X3 ?
NB decommissioning cost gtgt construction cost
?RD underway
31
AD
Gatignon
32
AD gt2005
Gatignon
? modified extraction ? degrader foils ? RFQD
for ATRAP ATHENA ? decelerator ring ELENA
5.3 MeV ? KEp ? 100 KeV ?
-
? injection stacking ? intensity x 2 to 5 ? PS
beam 4 ? 5 bunches ? intensity x 1.25
33
Summary FT beams

• ? North Area _at_ SPS ? diverse beams
• ? East Hall _at_ PS ? DIRAC ?
• ? CNGS 2006 improving intensity ?
• ? ions 2009
• ? CHF ? ? modernisation
• ? CHF ? ? new possibilities/opportunities
• (test beams !)
• context for SPSC strategy and input

unparalleled variety
34
3. Heavy Ions
Gadzicki, Haungs, Lourenco, Riunaud, Satz
35
SPbS Panorama

? expt _at_ SPbS theory ? QGP
B. Mueller
36
ChromodynamicPhase Equilibria
? SPS _at_ phase transition
37
Critical Point
? theoretical guidance model dependent
Stephanov
38
Heavy Ions NA60 Pixels
NA60 - Lourenco
interaction z-vtx from rad hard pixel telescope
200 µm accuracy
dimuon vertex
hadronic vertex
(mass gt 2 GeV)
vertex transverse coords determinedwith pixel
telescope beam tracker to better than 20 mm
accuracy
39
Low mass dileptons
? excess dileptons thermal radiation ?
s
400 GeV
NA60
CERES/NA45
Mee
Mµµ
40
SPSC
? immediate (SPSC) - NA60 pIn data ? open
charm, ? mass, thermal radn PbPb ? highest
energy density _at_ SPS - NA49 jet quenching _at_
RHIC high pT quenching _at_ SPS ? complete PbPb
high pT hadron analysis then ? pA
reference then ? high pT ? Cronin effect
data taking now
declared interest
declared interest
41
SPSC
? longer term (SPSC) - chase and evaluate the
critical point _at_ CERN establish optimal
theoretical signatures optimise experiments
for signal and sensitivity - unique _at_ CERN,
timely even 2009, important - 2009 CERN ? FT
LHC HI synergy
no overwhelming scientific need for ionion FT lt
2009
42
4. Neutrinos
Blondel, Declais, Dydak, Gilardoni, Haseroth,
Lindroos, Mezzeto, Mosca Nishikawa,
Panman, Romanino, Rubbia
43
?-oscillations
Wark
44
Eigenstates
Romanino
can have both signs
by definition,
Normal
Normal
e.g. (hierarchical) (degenerate) (neither)
e.g. (inverse hierarchical) (degenerate)
3
2
normal
1
inverted
2
1
3
45
Hierarchy
Wark
? remarkable progress
Solar KamLAND
Super-K
46
Next ?

• ? CNGS OPERA ICARUS
• ? better than hitherto (better than CKM?)
• MINOS, KamLAND, Borexino?
• T2K ?e appearance
• nearer, near, and far detectors
• ßbeam? CERN?Frejus?
• ? ?13 pre-requisite for d
• ? sign of ?m232 (or ?m132) crucial for ??
• ? CP-violating phase d

47
Next ?
Mezzetto
48
OPERA
? ready end 2006
2 kTon (Pb) 0.04 kTon emulsion
56 emulsion films / brick

• for the full detector
• 2 supermodules
• 31 walls / supermodule
• 52 x 64 bricks /wall
• 200 000 bricks

9 kt-yr
?m21.2x10-3 eV2 2.7 events ?m22.4x10-3 eV2 11
events ?m25.4x10-3 eV2 54 events
49
ICARUS
?3 kt in LNGS 2005 ?
LAr drift
n
3m
muon spectrometer 2 kton Fe B1.8 T
50
ICARUS
?ultimate vertex resolution T600 ready LNGS
51
T2K
52
T2K (Tokai-to-Kamioka)
Nishikawa
LOI hep-ex/0106019
nm beam of lt1GeV
Kamioka
Super-K 50 kton Water Cherenkov
J-PARC (Tokai-village)
0.75 MW 50 (40) GeV PS
Mt Hyper Kamiokande
4MW 50GeV PS
Approved exp (x102 of K2K)

• nm? nx disappearance
• nm? ne appearance
• NC measurement

• Collaboration
• Formed in May 2003
• 12 countries, 52 institutions
• 148 collaborators (w/o students)

Future Extension

• CP violation
• proton decay

53
Strategy
Nishikawa

• High statistics by high intensity n beam
• Tune En at oscillation maximum
• Sub-GeV n beam
• Low particle multiplicity suited for Water
  Cherenkov
• Good En resolution dominated by nm n? m p
• Narrow band beam to reduce BG

0.75MW 50GeV-PS
Off-Axis n beam
Super-Kamiokande
54
T2K Schedule
Nishikawa
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
K2K
T2K construction
physics run
PS commisionning
SK full rebuild

• Possible upgrade in future
• 4MW Super-J-PARC Hyper-K ( 1Mt water Cherenkov)
• CP violation in lepton sector
• Proton Decay

55
Slide from M. Lindroos
56
Megatonne ?
57
Towards NF Horizon
? SPL superbeam ?
?13
CP sensitivity
58
SPL Proposed Roadmap
Gilardoni

• Consistent with the content of a talk by L.
  Maiani at the Celebration of the Discovery of
  the W and Z bosons. Contribution to a document
  to be submitted to the December Council (CERN
  Future Projects and Associated RD).
• Assumptions
• construction of Linac4 in 2007/10 (with
  complementary resources, before end of LHC
  payment)
• construction of SPL in 2008/15 (after end of LHC
  payments)

Linac 4 approval
SPL approval
LHC upgrade
R. Garoby
Warning Compressor ring and detector (8 years)
are not quoted Protons from the SPL ready
in 2015
59
SPL SuperBeam FAQ
Gilardoni

• Q Why 2.2 GeV for the proton driver?
• A First design of the SPL which used the LEP
  cavities.
• Q What about increasing the proton energy ?
• A Possible up to 3.5 GeV- 4 GeV with some
  caveats. Energy optimization to tune the proton
  beam energy is in working stage (see next
  slides).
• Q Is the SPL SuperBeam strongly connected with
  the Frejus?
• A Yes, due to low energy of proton beam no way
  to go further than 130 km.
• Q What if instead of a Cherenkov detector one
  wants to use a Liquid Argon TPC ?
• A Possible if the experts are interested in the
  location (meaning not going to Japan)

60
SPL SuperBeam FAQ
Gilardoni

• Q Why proposing the SPL Superbeam if JHF will
  have similar results?
• A1 Unique synergy with the Beta Beam
• A2 Learned from the Japanese style of working,
  and also from CERN style, every step carries the
  know-how for the next step. The next could be a
  NuFact.
• A3 Different condition to repeat the same
  measurement. In particular different background.

but not first
61
Proton Driver ? ?
Mezzetto
? expensive ? likelihood improves with
synergy ? ? beam RD for new technology -
target - cooling (MICE) ? ?e - ß beam ?µ -
superbeam ? ? Fact
62
SPSC
? ? physics has noble history at CERN ? ? physics
is in a new golden era - CERN beginning again
pivotal global role ? CNGS commitment to end of
decade vital - 2006 important COMPASS then
CNGS _at_ end 06 - CNGS crucial up to 2011
(window _at_ 4.5x1019pot/yr) - CNGS COMPASS ?
multi-turn xtraction longer running
period - no compelling case for extending CNGS
beyond 2011 _at_ realisable pot/yr (lt 3x
4.5x1019pot/yr)
C2GT
63
SPSC
? Future neutrino facilities offer great promise
for fundamental discoveries (such as CP
violation) in neutrino physics, and a post-LHC
construction window may exist for a facility to
be sited at CERN. ? CERN should arrange a budget
and personnel to enhance its participation in
further developing the physics case and the
technologies necessary for the realization of
such facilities. This would allow CERN to play a
significant role in such projects wherever they
are sited. ? A high-power proton driver is a
main building block of future projects, and is
therefore required. ? A direct superbeam from a
2.2 GeV SPL does not appear to be the most
attractive option for a future CERN neutrino
experiment as it does not produce a significant
advance on T2K. ? We welcome the effort, partly
funded by the EU, concerned with the conceptual
design of a ß-beam. At the same time CERN should
support the European neutrino factory initiative
in its conceptual design.
64
SPSC
? Detectors new detector technologies are
necessary to take full advantage of the physics
capabilities of future neutrino facilities.
Examples of needed advances are cheaper, higher
efficiency, large-area, light sensors and
magnetized detectors capable of distinguishing
electrons from positrons. Given its central role
as Europes particle physics laboratory, CERN
should support, participate, and coordinate such
technical developments. ? Further hadron
production experiments specifically designed to
meet the needs of neutrino experiments are
essential. There are several existing CERN
detectors which could, with some modifications,
fulfill this requirement. This would be a
scientifically important and cost-effective use
of CERN resources.
65
5. Soft and Hard Protons
DHose, Diehl Gasser, Gninenko Magnon,
Malvezzi Nemenov, Paul Polyakov,
Seymour Vestzergombi,
pivotal role of CERN The stuff of Nobel Prizes !
66
Hadron Physics
H1 ZEUS - DESY
? energy frontier colliders ? precision
frontier colliders FT ? intensity
frontier ? theoretical symbiosis - lattice -
ChPT - pQCD
GSI
? BABAR - SLAC
? CDF D0 - FNAL
67
COMPASS
? 1996 proposal 1997 conditional approval
1999 2000 construction and installation
2001 commissioning run 2002 -2004 data
taking µp and µp ? precision hadron structure -
nucleon spin structure (valence ? sea) ?
precision hadron dynamics - pQCD ? n-pQCD (Q2
pT2) - resonant phenomena ? into the future
GPDs and precision st. functions
? ?
? ??
approved
gluons
68
COMPASS ?G/G
?finding charm
c
s(?G/G) proposal 0.14
c
200234 s(?G/G) 0.24
??G/G from high pT hadrons pairs
-
69
COMPASS Hadron (2004)
??PT Primakoff
?resonance -diffractive - Primakoff -
central glue enriched (WA102 ) - D Ds
(FOCUS, BABAR, Belle, CLEO, SELEX) - ?c -
?cc localised (cc) excitation against light u/d
?270 GeV p vertex detector ?150 days/year
2006-2010
70
COMPASS beyond
Diehl
?DIS forward ? Compton - ?pdf(x,t)?dt
?DVCS ?? ? Compton - pdf(x,t) - p tomography
? partons across p
relevant at the time?
polarised d-d
-
unpolarised
71
DIRAC
?pp and Kp atoms - scattering lengths
- ?PT
? Ke decay
? excess at very small pL and pT
atomic pairs
? data 2001 2003 (PS) ? setting up 2006 (PS) ?
running 2007/8 (PS) ? planning gt 2008 (SPS ?)
free pairs
? experimental theoretical uncertainty _at_ SPS
72
SPSC
? FT hadron program remains very competitive ?
COMPASS complete in medium term - ?G/G -
transversity, polarisability, spectroscopy -
SPSC p.o.t. concern ? prioritise ? COMPASS longer
term - GPD measurements would be unique ? DIRAC
physics important ? SPS (accuracy) ? hadron
resonances (pQ) in existing NA49 not
compelling
73
SPSC
? FT 2006 optimise running - start early ?
data for COMPASS optimise data-taking
efficiency - run til CNGS ready ? FT gt 2006
encourage multi-turn Xtraction ? FT gtgt 2006 -
intense ? _at_ CERN ? new lepton-hadron DIS
74
6. Antiproton Physics
Beloshitzky Gabrielse, Hangst Hayano,
Jungmann Kostelecky, Quint Regenfus,
Testera Widmann, Yamazaki
75
Unique Physics at CERN
? ASACUSA ATRAP ATHENA - routine production of
H - antiprotonic He p e - ? ? deceleration
and capture of p ? production of H and He -
yield ! ? spectroscopy ideally 1s 2s -
presently quantum state n30 !
-
-
-
-
CPT matter-antimatter
76
Unique Ac Decelerator
Gatignon
77
ATRAP
Gabrielse
Small View
? trap and detectors
fibers 77 K
positron source
positron traps
5.3 Tesla magnetic field
rotating electrode
antiprotons
4.2 K
antiproton traps
Harvard Trap, vacuum, rf electronics,
Juelich Scintillation detectors
BGO 77 K
78
ATHENA
-
? annihilation of e and p
-

• detects H
• insensitive
• to H velocity
• and state

-
79
ASACUSA
Hayano
Balmer lines Qp/Mp TRAP_at_LEAR
80
Cooling before Capture
Hayano
RD developments
81
Precision Spectroscopy
Hayano
? antiprotonic spectroscopy - large n
82
Improvements ATRAP
Gabrielse

• Status 4.2 K antiprotons are routinely
  accumulated
• cooling thru matter
• Improvements?
• Needed much lower temperatures
• Desired more antiprotons to speed data
  accumulation
• Desired more antiprotons to improve
  spectroscopy
• signal-to-noise
• Decelerator? RFQD? ELENA?
• would give the much larger antiproton rate
  desired
• small ring would fit in AD hall
• new beam lines would be needed
• magnetic fields from experimental apparatus
• substantial cost

? new experimemts AEGIS ALPHA coming
83
ELENA
Beloshitsky
? A small machine for deceleration and cooling of
antiprotons after AD to lower energies around 100
keV is feasible. ? One to two orders of magnitude
more antiprotons can be available for physics. ?
Main challenges for the low energy decelerator
like ultra low vacuum, beam diagnostics and
effective electron cooling can be solved, using
experience of AD and member-state laboratories
where similar low energy ion machines are
operational (ASTRID, Aarhus CRYring, Stockholm).
? The machine can be located inside of the AD
Hall with only minor modifications and
reshuffling of the present installation. ?
Machine assembling and commissioning can be done
without disturbing current AD operation.
84
SPSC
-
? unique and leading p physics at CERN is
foreseeable ? strong encouragement to continue gt
2005 ? improvements in beam switching highly
desirable ? variety of different measureds for
CPT desirable ? continue to explore improved
trapping techniques - ELENA desirable - ELENA
improvement on RFQD ? ? synergy between
experiments always desirable ? roadmap should be
updated and available
85
7. Flavour Physics
Ceccucci, Isidori Inagaki, Littenberg Lourenco,
Nakada Sozzi, Tschirhart
86
Flavour Physics
Isidori Mangano

• ?precision measurements of rare flavour decays
  probe the energy scale, and then flavour
  structure, of new physics
• - no SM tree
• - SM suppression
• - short distance dynamics

FCNC
?experimental challenge BR 10-10 to 10-11

• ? 10 crucial for
• new LHC physics

87
The Challenge
Isidori
theory uncertainty
88
Landscape
Mangano
89
NA48/3

• ? 2004
• launch GIGATRACKER RD
• vacuum tests
• evaluate straw tracker
• start realistic cost estimation
• complete analysis of beam-test data
• ? 2005
• complete of the above
• complete specifications
• submit proposal to SPSC
• ? 2006-2008
• construction, installation and beam-tests
• ? 2009-2010
• data taking

p ? ion NA48/3 ? COMPASS
80 K ? p??
90
high-intensity beam for K?pnn experiment
Beam Present K12 (NA48/2) New HI K gt 2006 Factor gain wrt 2004
SPS protons per pulse 1 x 1012 3 x 1012 3.0
Duty cycle (s./s.) 4.8 / 16.8 1.0
Beam acceptance H,V (mrad) ? 0.36 ?2.4, ?2.0
Solid angle (msterad) ? 0.40 ? 16 40
Av. Kmomentum ltpKgt (GeV/c) 60 75 K 1.50 p 1.35 Total 1.35
Momentum band DpK (GeV/c) Eff. (Dp/p in ) RMS (Dp/p in ) 57 63 6 5 ? 4 73.9-76.12.25 1.5 ? 0.95 0.375 0.3 0.25
Beam size (cm) Area at KABES (cm2) 1.5 ? 7.0 2.5 ? 20 ? 2.8
Divergence RMS (mrad) ? 0.05 ? 0.1 ? 2
PRELIMINARY, WORK IN PROGRESS
91
SPSC
? new rare decay frontier in K physics at CERN ?
new experiments planned for K?p?? important ?
support RD now for K?p ?? results 2010 - no
competition yet! ? longer term opportunity for
K0?p 0?? - direct competition (decay at rest) ?
synergy with energy frontier _at_ LHC _at_ CERN -
B-physics - LF violation ? rare charm decay
feasibility of operating experiment (NA60) ?
92
8. Other Projects
Holzscheiter,Incagli Uggerhodj, Zioutas
93
Miscellaneous
? CAST astroparticle searches (from
axions) best limits in window on axion mass ?
AD4 p therapy dosimetry and monitoring
improving ? EM physics in crystals trident
production in critical field ?(g-2)µ new
experiment appropriate CERN pioneering
pedigree European collaborators ? high
intensity µ and ? evaluation
-
present CERN resource level appropriate
94
9. Summary
? fixed target physics at CERN - 2011
physics vibrant, important, leading
SPS p.o.t ? schedule/prioritise/improve
completion of hadron program essential
CNGS window before T2K hadron production
for ? physics ionion 2009 (synergy
with LHC) rare flavour 2009 (synergy
with LHC) fundamental physics with p
atoms (medical)
-
increasing p.o.t
95
Summary
? fixed target physics at CERN - gt 2011
physics must be vibrant, important,
leading ionion 2009 (synergy with LHC)
rare flavour 2009 (synergy with
LHC) fundamental physics with p atoms hadron
structure GPDs dynamics low energy,
resonance ? physics evaluation RD _at_
CERN p-driver ? superbeam ? detector global
context ? NF
-
if appropriate ?
synergies with other science? SPL?
All but HI benefit from/require high
intensity RCPSB RCPS
96
Thanks
to all who contributed to our deliberations
Always looking to the future, we pick up bad
habits of anticipation. Philip
Larkin