SOUTH ASIA Positive results of British Colonization

1
SOUTH ASIA
2
(No Transcript)
3

• Physical Features
• Peninsula
• Much of it is a plateau
• Tectonic plate
• Climate
• Dominated by monsoon winds
• The winter winds are dry and the summer winds are
  wet

4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12

• History
• Cultural hearth
• The Dravidians
• India's first inhabitants
• The Ayrans
• (from southwest Asia) Were the first to invade
  this area about 6000 years ago
• Moguls
• Muslim invaders

13

• The British East India Company
• The Sepoy Rebellion
• Rebellion of Indian troops in the B.E.I. Army
• Independence
• British occupation ended in 1947

14
(No Transcript)
15
Positive results of British Colonization

• Development of Railroads and Highways
• Development of major cities
• Modern Practice of Medicine
• Tried to eliminate "widow burning," female
  infanticide, the caste system and child marriage

16

• Democratic Federal Government
• Linqua Franca
• Single Capitol

17
Negative Results of British Colonization

• India dependent on primary activities
• British allowed very little development
• The partitioning of Pakistan and Bangladesh
• Railroads and highways built mainly for the
  transportation of raw materials
• Inhibiting development encouraged population
  growth

18
Two Major World Religions were founded in this
region

• Hinduism
• World's oldest major religion
• 800 mil. people are Hindus - 97 live in India

19

• Beliefs
• Hindus believe there are many gods, but one
  supreme being who is the creator
• Belief in reincarnation
• Belief in the Vedas as divine scripture
• Belief in Karma which literally means "deed or
  act," but more broadly describes the principle of
  cause and effect

20

• Hinduism
• Caste System
• Brahmins (warriors or priestly caste)
• Vaishya (farmers and merchants)
• Sudras (laborers and artisans)
• The Harijan (Dalits or untouchables)
• Mohandas Ghandi
• Tried to institute social reform based on the
  philosophy of self-control and non violence

21

• Buddhism
• Prince Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) gave up his
  position to seek salvation and enlightenment
  through meditation

22

• Beliefs
• All living beings endure suffering
• Suffering, which is caused by a desire to live,
  leads to reincarnation
• The goal of all existence is to escape suffering
  and the endless cycle of reincarnation into
  Nirvana
• Nirvana is obtained through an eight fold path

23
(No Transcript)
24
(No Transcript)
25

• Population
• 1 billion people
• By 2020 will become the most populous country
• Population growth gt economic growth
• More than 1/3 under 15
• Fertility rates are declining
• Why does growth continue?

26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29

• Children
• Infant mortality rate of 75
• Should Children work?
• Children as wealth
• Children as retirement plans

30
(No Transcript)
31
(No Transcript)
32
Gender Issues

• Purdah
• Practice of concealing women from the eyes of
  non-family men.
• Child Marriage
• Dowries
• Female Infanticide
• Bride Burning
• Taliban

33
(No Transcript)
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)
37
(No Transcript)
38

• Urbanization
• Mumbai-13 mil., Delhi-14 mil.
• Calcutta 11 mil., Dhaka- 7 mil.
• Mumbai worlds largest slum (400,000 per sq.
  kilometer).

39

• Agriculture and Industry
• About 70 of South Asians are involved in
  agriculture
• Economic Reform
• Governments have gotten themselves heavily in
  debt

40

• Structural Adjustment Programs Began in
• 1991 Aimed at
• Privatizing Industries
• Removing Government Regulations
• Opening Economy to foreign goods and investment
• Mixed success Example Bangalore.
• Wider disparities in incomes most of the gains
  to the middle class.

41

• Microcredit
• Grammen Bank - Peoples bank

42
(No Transcript)
43

• Conflicts
• Punjab
• Conflict between Sikhs and Indian government

44
(No Transcript)
45

• Kashmir
• Muslim majority state
• Mostly controlled by India
• Been in a long bitter battle with Pakistan
• Sri Lanka
• 70 Singhalese (mostly Buddhist)
• 18 Tamils (Hindu, Dravidians)
• Political Conflict

46
(No Transcript)
47
(No Transcript)
48

• Environmental Problems
• Deforestation
• The Chipko Movement
• Means social forestries
• tree hugger
• Water Issues
• Dam projects and river diversion projects cause
  controversy in this region
• Air pollution

49
(No Transcript)
50
(No Transcript)