Roman Art, Architecture, & Engineering

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Roman Art Architecture and engineering
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY
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Roman Architecture
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Model of Rome
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Characteristics

• During the Republic Temple Architecture
• blended Etruscan Greek features.
• emphasis on the front of the building.
• example Temple of Fortuna Virilis.

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Temple of Fortuna Virilis
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Characteristics

• CONCRETE
• created a revolution in architectural design.
• create larger, heavier buildings. example
  - The Sanctuary of Fortuna
  Palestrina.

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Sanctuaryof Fortuna Palestrina
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Model of Roman Forum
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ModelofTrajans Forum
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Characteristics

• ARCH VAULT
• Coliseum
• Race Track Circus Maximus
• Public Baths
• Amphitheaters

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Triumphal Arch of Titus
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Arch of Constantine
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Barrel or Tunnel Vault

• Windows can be placed at any point.
• These vaults requirebuttressing to counter-act
  thedownward thrust ofweight.

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Groin Vault

• Also called a cross vault.
• Needs less buttressing.

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Multi Groin Vaults

• A series of groin vaults can have open lateral
  arches that form Clerestories.
• Windows that allow light into the interior of
  churches.
• These concrete windows are fireproof an
  important consideration since many early
  churches burned!

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Early Roman Amphitheater

• Seats about 20,000

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Roman Theater
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Theater of Marcellus
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Roman Coliseum
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Roman Coliseum
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Interior of the Coliseum

• Arena is Latin for the sand, coating the floor
  that soaks up the blood of the combatants.

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Circus Maximus
300,000 seat capacity!
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Roman Bathin England
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Characteristics

• DOME
• Basilicas - Large and relatively open
  space. - examples ? Pantheon ?
  early Christian churches

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Cylindrical Dome

• With the dome, theRomans could surpass earlier
  cultures by their ability to span space.
• Light enters throughthe oculus on top.

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The Pantheon Plans
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The Pantheon
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Pantheons Dome
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The Pantheon Interior
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The Pantheon Interior
Painting byGiovanni Paolo Pannini(18c)
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Roman Engineering
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Innovative Engineering Techniques

• Roads macadam
• Aqueducts
• Arch Bridge

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Via Appia
All roads lead to Rome!
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Roman Aqueduct
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Aqueduct in Segovia
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Roman Arch Bridge in Spain
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Hadrians Wall in Britain
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Roman Sculpture
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Characteristicsof Roman Sculpture

• Collectors and copiers of Greek works more
  idealistic.
• Categories
• Portrait sculpture
• Statues
• Paintings mosaics
• Relief sculptures
• More realism show the wrinkles, the bulges,
  and ageing!

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Roman Copy of Greek Art
Original created by the Greek sculptor,
Polyclitus, 5c BCE
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Republican Couple

• Realistic portraits like Hellenistic Greek
  style.

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Portraits of Emperors
Nero
Hadrian
Julius Caesar
MarcusAurelius
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Mosaics on a Roman Villa Floor
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Roman Citizens
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Column Of Trajan
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Base Relief Legionnaires on Trajans Column
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Roman Sarcophagus

• Marble base relief Etruscan influence?

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Roman Frescoes
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Roman Villa
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House in Herculaneum
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Frescoes on aVillas
Walls
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Roman Crafts
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Roman Crafts
Ivory Cameo
1c BCE glass bowl
Gold earrings
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Greek and roman art and architecture are all
around us
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Jefferson Memorial
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Lincoln Memorial
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The US Capitol Building
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Statue of JusticeUS Supreme Court Building
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Federal Court Building in NYC
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Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Statue of Liberty