Exploring American History

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Exploring American History

• Unit VII- Becoming a World Power
• Chapter 22 Section 3
• United States and Latin America

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The United States and Latin America

• The Big Idea
• The United States expanded its role in Latin
  America in the early 1900s.
• Main Ideas
• The United States built the Panama Canal in the
  early 1900s.
• Theodore Roosevelt changed U.S. policy toward
  Latin America.
• Presidents Taft and Wilson promoted U.S.
  interests in Latin America.

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Problems and Solutions
French Connection
Columbia
Panama Canal
Purpose- Why?
Building the Canal
Roosevelt Corollary
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Main Idea 1 The United States built the Panama
Canal in the early 1900s.
The Goal

• To build a narrow canal
• Link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
• Cut 8,000 miles off the sea voyage
• Allow U.S. Navy

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Revolution in Panama

• Panamanian revolutionaries
• The United States assisted them.
• New Panamanian government
• 10 million plus 250,000 a year

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French Connection
Columbia
Problems and Solutions
Failed attempt- 1878 Paid Columbia for the
rights. Builder of Suez Canal in charge
Money problems, disease, and construction
problems. 1898- sold their rights and
equipment to the U.S. for 40
million.
Columbia owned Panama Columbia had made a deal
with the French to build the canal. U.S.
offered Columbia 10 Million, but they want
30 million Revolution for Independence in
Panama, aided by U.S.
warships- who would not let
Columbian ships land troops.
Panama Canal
Commerical Reasons Transportation
Cost lower- 60 All-water route is shorter.
Military Reasons- Navy needs to be able to
move from Atlantic to Pacific Ocean for
defense. Across Panama was the shortest route.

Building the Canal
Purpose- Why?
Roosevelt Corollary
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Building the Panama Canal

• Difficult to build
• tropical diseases-yellow fever and malaria
• Dr. William Gorgas
• Working in the high mountains with explosives was
  dangerous.
• Some 6,000 people died.
• The Panama Canal opened on August 15, 1914,
• Took ten years to complete and cost 375 million

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Panama Canal
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Roosevelt and the Canal
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Canal Construction
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French Connection
Columbia
Problems and Solutions
U.S. sends wawrships to Panama to protect U.S.
lives Helps Panama with the Revolution and
Independence. Panama now makes a deal with the
U.S. for a 10 mile wide strip of land. 10
million and 250,000 lease per year. Harsh
working conditions, engineering and logistical
problems, malaria, and yellow fever hampered
construction. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Failed attempt- 1878 Paid Columbia for the
rights. Builder of Suez Canal in charge
Money problems, disease, and construction
problems. 1898- sold their rights and
equipment to the U.S. for 40
million.
Columbia owned Panama Columbia had made a deal
with the French to build the canal. U.S.
offered Columbia 10 Million, but they want
30 million Revolution for Independence in
Panama, aided by U.S.
warships- who would not let
Columbian ships land troops.
Panama Canal
Commerical Reasons Transportation
Cost lower- 60 All-water route is shorter.
Military Reasons- Navy needs to be able to
move from Atlantic to Pacific Ocean for
defense. Across Panama was the shortest route.
Began in 1904 Expenses for the U.S.-
352 Million Total- 51 mile, locks. 34
years to build Opened 1914- Treaty ratified
1921 80,000 workers and 30,000 deaths Yellow
Fever- Dr. Gorgas and the Mosquito. Columbia-
26 million

Building the Canal
Purpose- Why?
Roosevelt Corollary
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Building the Panama Canal

• Identify What nation did the Isthmus of Panama
  originally belong to?
• Make Inferences- Did President Roosevelt want to
  go to war with Columbia? Why or why not?
• Evaluate What is your opinion of the importance
  of Dr. Gorgas contribution to the canal project?

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Building the Panama Canal

• Identify Panama City is nearest which ocean?
• Identify Cause and Effect- In what ways did the
  Panama Canal affect U.S. exports?
• Analyze Construction of the canal cost
  366,650,000. Annual shipping savings from the
  East coast to the West coast was 32,780,000
  million. If this was the only savings, when
  would the canal have paid for itself?

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Main Idea 2 Theodore Roosevelt changed U.S.
policy toward Latin America.
The Panama Canal allowed the United States to
become more involved in Latin America.
Monroe Doctrine.
Roosevelt Corollary.
The United States became the international
police power
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Roosevelt Corollary
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French Connection
Columbia
Problems and Solutions
U.S. sends wawrships to Panama to protect U.S.
lives Helps Panama with the Revolution and
Independence. Panama now makes a deal with the
U.S. for a 10 mile wide strip of land. 10
million and 250,000 lease per year. Harsh
working conditions, engineering and logistical
problems, malaria, and yellow fever hampered
construction. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Failed attempt- 1878 Paid Columbia for the
rights. Builder of Suez Canal in charge
Money problems, disease, and construction
problems. 1898- sold their rights and
equipment to the U.S. for 40
million.
Columbia owned Panama Columbia had made a deal
with the French to build the canal. U.S.
offered Columbia 10 Million, but they want
30 million Revolution for Independence in
Panama, aided by U.S.
warships- who would not let
Columbian ships land troops.
Panama Canal
Commerical Reasons Transportation
Cost lower- 60 All-water route is shorter.
Military Reasons- Navy needs to be able to
move from Atlantic to Pacific Ocean for
defense. Across Panama was the shortest route.
Began in 1904 Expenses for the U.S.-
352 Million Total- 51 mile, locks. 34
years to build Opened 1914- Treaty ratified
1921 80,000 workers and 30,000 deaths Yellow
Fever- Dr. Gorgas and the Mosquito. Columbia-
26 million

American Foreign policy under T.
Roosevelt. Addition to Monroe Doctrine. U.S. has
the right to intervene In Latin American
affairs. International police force. Speak
Softly and carry a big stick. Great White Fleet.
Building the Canal
Purpose- Why?
Roosevelt Corollary
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Main Idea 3 Presidents Taft and Wilson promoted
U.S. interests in Latin America.

• President William Howard Taft acted to protect
  U.S. interests in Latin America.
• dollar diplomacy
• Loaned money to Nicaragua
• Sent U.S. Marines to Nicaragua
• Woodrow Wilson believed-moral obligation to
  promote democracy.
• Often sent troops into Latin America to prevent
  foreign intervention or political unrest
• Sent troops to assist Mexicos government in the
  Mexican Revolution

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Dollar Diplomacy- Taft
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The Mexican Revolution

• Mexicans revolted against harsh rule of dictator
  Porfirio Díaz in 1910.
• War affected U.S. interests- investments worth
  over 1 billion.
• The United States entered the war.
• 1914 U.S. Navy seized city of Veracruz
• 1916 General John J. Pershing -Francisco
  Pancho Villa
• In 1917, a new constitution began to bring order
  to Mexico.

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Pursuing Pancho Villa
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Changes in U.S. Foreign Policy

• Washingtons Farewell Address
• Monroe Doctrine
• United States will defend its interests in
  Western Hemisphere
• Roosevelt Corollary

• Tafts Dollar Diplomacy
• United States will use economic means
• Wilson and Democracy
• The United States will promote and protect
  democracy in the Western Hemisphere.

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U.S. Policy Toward Latin America

• Describe What idea did the Monroe Doctrine
  express?
• Make Inferences- What can you infer about U.S.
  military strength during Monroes presidency?
• Evaluate Should the U.S. have acted as a
  police officer to the region?

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U.S. Policy Toward Latin America

• Explain What did the U.S. get in return for
  lending Nicaragua 1.5 billion?
• Contrast- Roosevelt used a show of military
  power to accomplish his foreign policy goals.
  What was the main tool used by Taft?
• Compare In what way was President Wilson like
  President Roosevelt?
• Identify Cause and Effect What was the cause of
  the Mexican Revolution?

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U.S. Policy Toward Latin America

• Identify Name four things in which America
  business leaders invested in Mexico?
• Draw Conclusions- Why did Wilson order the navy
  to seize Veracruz?
• Elaborate What are some possible results of
  120,000 Mexicans fleeing violence and immigrating
  to the U.S.?