Exploring American History

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Exploring American History

• American History
• Unit VII The Beginning of Modern America
• Chapter 22 Section 2- The Spanish-American War

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The Spanish-American War

• The Big Idea
• The United States expanded into new parts of the
  world as a result of the Spanish-American War.
• Main Ideas
• In 1898 the United States went to war with Spain
  in the Spanish-American War.
• The United States gained territories in the
  Caribbean and Pacific.

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Main Idea 1 In 1898 the United States went to
war with Spain in the Spanish-American War.

• 1890s- Cubans rebelled against Spain.
• Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst
• yellow journalism
• Stories helped increase public support for
  military action
• Americans supported Cuba
• Americans opposed- General Weyler.
• William McKinley.

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War with Spain
Maine
January 1898
USS Maine sunk newspapers blame Spain.
February 15, 1898
April 20, 1898
Teller Amendment
Spain declares war on the United States.
April 20, 1898
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Americans Get War Fever

• Yellow Journalism
• The Explosion of the Maine. February 15, 1898
• Remember the Maine!
• de Lome Letter-.
• Jingoes
• McKinley demands Spain give Cuba its
  independence. Spain refuses and we declare war.

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War in the Philippines- 340

• The U.S. Navy, under Commodore George Dewey,
  -Philippines on May 1, 1898.
• On August 13, U.S. troops and Filipino rebels led
  by Emilio Aguinaldo took control of the
  Philippine capital of Manila.

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War in the Caribbean

• U.S. Army unprepared for Spanish-American War
• Troops had to be increasedfrom 28,000 to
  280,000.
• Did not have enough rifles, bullets, or uniforms
• Harsh living conditions
• 400 killed in battle 2,000 died of disease
• Rough Riders were a group of volunteers commanded
  by Theodore Roosevelt.
• Admired by American people for heroism
• Contributed to solid U.S. victories at Santiago
  and Kettle Hill
• Spanish Caribbean fleet was destroyed on July 3,
  1898.
• U.S. troops invaded Puerto Rico in mid-July.
• Spain signed a cease-fire agreement on August 12,
  1898.

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War With Spain

• Explain Why did Pulitzer and Hearst use yellow
  journalism in their newpapers?
• Identify Cause and Effect List four events that
  led Congress to declare war on Spain.
• Develop How might the situation in Cuba have
  been developed if the United States had found
  evidence that the explosion of the Maine was
  accidental?

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War With Spain

• Recall Who commanded the warships that defeated
  the Spanish in the Philippines?
• Explain - Why didnt Dewey occupy the
  Philippines immediately after defeating the
  Spanish?
• Identify Cause and Effect What caused the moral
  problems for soldiers in the Caribbean?
• Making Inferences- How did Theodore Roosevelts
  reputation affect his involvement with Rough
  Riders?

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War With Spain

• Describe How did the Spanish fleet fare when
  they tried to break through the U.S. blockade
  around Cuba?
• Make Inferences - Why do you suppose the Spanish
  in Puerto Rico surrendered so easily?

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U.S. victory over Spain elevated the American
position in the world.

• Spain gave up all claims to Cuba.
• The United States gained territory in Puerto
  Rico and Guam.
• Spain turned over the Philippines for 20
  million.
• Territorial gains strengthened the military and
  economic position of the United States.

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The Course of the War

• Consequences of the War
• Terms of the Peace Treaty
• Spain gives up all claims to Cuba, cede Puerto
  Rico and Guam to the U.S.
• Philippines turned over to U.S. for 20 million.
• Sweet victory for the U.S.- John Hay ambassador
  to Great Britain in a letter to Theodore
  Roosevelt called it a splendid little war.
• Costs to the U.S.
• 250 million and over 2,000 soldier deaths
  (mostly from yellow fever)
• Huge payoff for U.S.- U.S. now an imperialistic
  nation- an expansionists delight.

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Main Idea 2The United States gained territories
in the Caribbean and the Pacific.

• Territorial Gains
• Peace treaty placed Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, and
  the Philippines under U.S. control.
• Anti-Imperialist League.
• Treaty approved in Senate

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New U.S. Territories

• Cuba
• Platt Amendment

• The Philippines
• Philippine Government Act in 1902.

• Puerto Rico

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United States Gains Territories

• Explain Why did McKinley set up a military
  government in Cuba?
• Evaluate - Judge the reasoning of the
  Anti-Imperialist League.
• Recall When did the United States government
  stop being actively involved in Cuban affairs?

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United States Gains Territories

• Identify What three things were accomplished in
  Cuba by Leonard Wood?
• Interpret - What was meant by the Cuban
  complaint that they were handing over the keys
  to our house?
• Compare How were the hopes of the Puerto Ricans
  similar to the those of the Cubans?

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United States Gains Territories

• Identify Calculate the year in which Puerto
  Ricans were finally allowed to elect their own
  governor.
• Analyze - Why did President McKinley want
  control of the Philippines?

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The Price of Freedom- Website

• Spanish American War- 1898-1902