CUBISM

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• CUBISM
• Europe and America,
• 1900 to 1945

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PICASSO

• Spanish. Had blue period and red period
• Inspiration Velazquez, Manet, Cezanne,
  primitive masks

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PABLO PICASSO, Gertrude Stein, 19061907. Oil on
canvas, 3 3 3/8 x 2 8. Metropolitan Museum of
Art, New York--OUTSTANDINGpatron of the
avant-garde--Displays some tribal features
(avant-garde artists saw the art of Africa and
Oceana pure because they use abstract forms to
convey meaning
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PABLO PICASSO, Les Demoiselles dAvignon, 1907.
Oil on canvas, 8 x 7 8. Museum of Modern Art,
New York-Prostitutes-vanitas-multiple vantage
points-shocked most of his artist friends except
Braque
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CUBISIM

• Braque and Picasso are inventors
• Derives its name from Matisse calling a Braque
  painting nothing but little cubes
• Reexamining of shapes and qualities of objects by
  breaking them apart into simple geometric shapes
• Cezanne MAJOR influence!
• 2 types of CubismAnalytic and Synthetic

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ANALYTIC CUBISM

• Picasso and Braque
• Analyzed the forms of objects before
  reconstituting them
• Used MUTED colors so as not to distract the
  viewer from interpreting the shapes

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GEORGES BRAQUE, The Portuguese, 1911. Oil on
canvas, 3 10 1/8 x 2 8. Kunstmuseum,
Basel--Based on a Portuguese guitar player
Braque knew
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SYNTHETIC CUBISM

• Also by Picasso and Braque
• Pasting synthetic objects (paper, cloth, etc.) to
  create a collage
• Still Life with Chair Caning by Picasso is the
  1st synthetic cubist piece of art!

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PABLO PICASSO, Still Life with Chair-Caning,
1912. Oil and oilcloth on canvas, 10 5/8 x 1 1
3/4. Musée Picasso, Paris.
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PABLO PICASSO, Guernica, 1937. Oil on canvas, 11
5 1/2 x 25 5 3/4. Museo Nacional Centro de
Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid.
Deals with the Spanish Civil War (Franco asks the
German Luftwaffe to bomb the republican Guernica
to test their concept of Bliztkrieg.
Commissioned by the republican Spanish in exile.
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CUBIST SCULPTURE

• Picassos Guitar used the concept of space and
  influenced others
• Cubist sculpture is know for
• --fragmented forms
• --flat planes
• --multiple viewpoints

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PABLO PICASSO, maquette for Guitar, 1912.
Cardboard, string, and wire (restored), 1 1 1/4
x 1 x 7 1/2. Museum of Modern Art, New York.
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JACQUES LIPCHITZ, Bather, 1917. Bronze, 2 10
3/4 x 1 1 1/4 x 1 1. Nelson-Atkins Museum of
Art, Kansas City
Becomes one of the most famous sculptors of the
20th C. --fragmented forms --flat
planes --multiple viewpoints
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JULIO GONZÁLEZ, Woman Combing Her Hair, ca.
1936. Iron, 44 x111 1/2x25/8. Museum of
Modern Art, New York --Takes deconstructing
even further!--Will influence Calder later on
with the use of wire
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ALEKSANDR ARCHIPENKO, Woman Combing Her Hair,
1915. Bronze, 1 1 3/4 x 3 1/4 x 3 1/8.
Museum of Modern Art, New York--VERY different
for Russian sculpture at the time
VOID!
HOW is it referencing classical sculpture?
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ROBERT DELAUNAY, Champs de Mars or The Red Tower,
1911. Oil on canvas, 5 3 x 4 3. Art
Institute of Chicago, Chicago. --COLOR
CUBISM--Will influence the Futurists and the
German Expressionists
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FERNAND LÉGER, The City, 1919. Oil on canvas, 7
7 x 9 9 1/2. Philadelphia Museum of Art,
Philadelphia
Cubism based on machine forms (beauty in machines)