SPD

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SPDs
Surge Suppression Devices
GE Digital Energy
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GE Enterprise Solutions
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GE Digital Energy
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GE Power Quality TVSS, UPS, ATS PSG
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Some things are beyond our control
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Some things arent
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The power outage of August 14, 2003 in the
eastern part of N. America left 50 million people
in the dark. 61,800 MW of load was disrupted for
up to 4 days. When the power came back people
lost electronic equipment.
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Transient Voltage Surge Suppression Overview
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• What is Transient Voltage ?
• Voltage spikes are high energy short duration
  transient voltage events that damage or destroy
  sensitive electronic equipment. Measured in
  milliseconds they occur in a fraction of a cycle.
• Equipment Affected
• All equipment with printed circuit boards and
  microprocessors are susceptible to transient
  surge damage.

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20 of Transients come from External Sources

• Characteristics
• High level surges, 10kA over 200kA
• Immediate Catastrophic Damage
• Examples
• Lightning Strikes
• Utility load switching
• Fault Clearing
• Crossed Power Lines
• Damaged transformers

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• These high energy transient voltage surges
  (spikes) last less than a fraction of a second
  but cause catastrophic immediate damage to
  electronic equipment and circuit boards

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Lightning Strike Density Isochronic map USA
More than half of these losses are related to
electronics
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Sensitive Electronics
Computers Electronic Ballasts Cash
Registers ATMs Building Automation HVAC
Systems Manufacturing Equipment Medical
Equipment Drives PLCs Electronically Controlled
Motors Security Systems Audio Video Equipment
Telephones
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AM PM Its a matter of time

• Your Choice
• Pro-Actively protect your equipment
• now or spend more money and time
• repairing, replacing, procuring, shipping.
• Add to that down time, safety issues, lost
  production, compromised quality, compliance,
  penalties, and availability to name a few.

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Whats the real cost of equipment failure ?
Are you cruising full speed ahead without
considering the cost ?
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80 of Transients come from Internal Sources

• Characteristics
• Low level
• Repeated multiple events
• Cause damage over time
• Examples
• Compressors
• Inductive loads
• (i.e) motors pumps
• HVAC Units
• Elevators
• Drives control elevators
• Laser copiers
• Cleaning equipment
• Vacuums, Floor polishers

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The cost of protecting sensitive electronics from
damaging transient surges is only a fraction of
connected equipment investment
Facility Power Quality Review Qualify Quantify
TVSS Needs

• Six Easy Steps to Take
• Evaluate Protection measures currently in place
• Estimate value of electronic equipment
• Fill out Surge Exposure Cost Worksheet
• Review electrical distribution layout
• Count number of electrical panels - note voltage
• Select appropriate TVSS rating based on location

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Financial Impact of Surge Damage
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Asset Preventive Management
Maintenance Without transient voltage
protection its only a matter of time before peak
voltage spikes damage electronics and cause
downtime
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Typical Business Class Hotel

• Guest Rooms
• Televisions
• Flat Panel TV in the Lobby
• Coffee Makers
• PTACs
• Appliances
• Compact Fluorescents
• Phones
• Office Equipment
• Computers
• Fax Machines
• Appliances
• Security System
• Camera
• Monitors
• Guests
• Lap Top Computers

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Electronics Investment Hotel Example
Mid-Scale Limited Service 200 Rooms Occupancy
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• Guest Rooms
• Televisions
• Coffee Makers
• PTACs
• Appliances - MWO REF
• Compact Fluorescents
• Phones
• Office Equipment/Lobby
• Flat Panel TV (lobby)
• Computers
• Fax Machines
• Appliances
• Security System
• Camera
• Monitors
• Guests
• Lap Top Computers

Qty 200 200 200 200 800 200 Qty 1 3 1 3
Qty 2 2 Qty 50
/each 100 20 500 200 5 20 /each
3000 1000 200 200 /each 100 100 800
Total 20000 4000 100000 40000 4000 4000
Total 3000 3000 200 600 Total 200 200
40000
Total 220,000
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Dollarize - Surge Exposure Cost Worksheet
Total Electronic equipment investment
Dollar value of connected electronic equipment of
a typical facility Include all equipment with
printed circuit boards such as PCs, UPS,
printers, telephones, meters, switches,
registers, TV, LCD and Plasma displays, and
electronically controlled lighting ballasts
Total Equipment at Risk _____
Employee productivity per hour Employee wages
and benefits per hour - include hourly and
salary _______ Revenue per hour Transactions
per hour (x) Average transaction value (Qty
per Hr x Avg. per Hr) _______ or Normal
revenue per hour during peak operation period
_______ Estimated Labor Repair Costs IT,
Maintenance, Electricians, Logistics
_______ Lost Future Revenues
Negatively affected customers may go to
competition alternatives for months or years
_______ Total Hourly Downtime Cost (excluding
equipment replacement) _____
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What are you doing to protect your Facilities
Electronics?

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• Nothing?

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TVSS Technology
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GE TVSS Design High Energy MOV
Phase A
L-G 100kA
1 100kA High Energy MOV per Mode
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Typical TVSS Design Small MOV Arrays
Phase A
L-G 100kA
Multiple small electronic grade MOVs mounted in
arrays connected in parallel.
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100kA Rated Array (10kA per MOV)
The Requirement for Exact Matching of MOVs can
present potential problems. Since MOVs are
non-linear, matching at lower energy levels does
not mean the same performance at higher levels
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Typical TVSS Design Small MOV Arrays
Reduced Rating
Phase A
Potential Problems caused by non-matched arrays
L-G lt 90kA
40-50kA Total Energy Transient
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Tighter Clamping MOVs cannot withstand energy
level.
Other Poorly Matched MOVs are weakened, reducing
the theoretical rating.
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Typical TVSS Design Small MOV Arrays
Subsequent Surges can cause further damageeven
with less energy
Further Reduced Rating
Phase A
L-G lt 70kA
20-30kA Total Energy Transient
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Tighter Clamping MOVs cannot withstand energy
level.
Other Poorly Matched MOVs are weakened, reducing
the theoretical rating even lower.
Previously Weakened/Degraded MOVs are now
destroyed.
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GE TVSS Design High Energy MOV
Rating is Maintained
Phase A
L-G 100kA
40-50kA Total Energy Transient
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MOV DOES NOT FAIL!
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GE TVSS Design vs Typical MOV design
Many Manufacturers Use Smaller, Electronic
Grade MOV Arrays
GE TVSS Products Incorporate High Energy Metal
Oxide Varistor Components
VS.
20mm Diameter MOVs Rated 6kA - 10kA
48mm Diameter Dual Wafer Tested to 100kA
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GE TVSS Design Components Serial to Surge Path
Maximum Duty Copper Bus Structure Used in High
Energy TR7000 Models
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GE TVSS Design Components Serial to Surge Path
Low Impedance Surge Rated Disconnect
Switch Independent test facility verification for
200kA 8/20us withstand (Optional on Some
Models / Recommended when direct bus mounting is
required)
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GE TVSS Design Components Serial to Surge Path
Surge Rated Current Fuses
TPR7000 Series do not require current limiting
fuses due to their enhanced thermal disconnect
feature. Surge Fusing included on TR5000 and
TR7000 models only.
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GE TVSS Design Enhanced Thermal Protection
NEW! GE TPR7000 series models are equipped with
Enhanced Thermally Protected Metal Oxide Varistor
(TPMOV) Technology
TPMOV Features
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GE TVSS Design MOV Types
Vs.
Q When should I specify GE TPR7000 models with
TPMOV technology instead of equally rated TR7000
models? A GE TPR7000 series TVSS models are
NEC and UL compliant to be installed directly on
the power system bus at any location on the load
side of the Main Service Breaker or Fuse. This
provides flexibility of installation when a
dedicated breaker is not used. Use GE TR5000 or
GE TR7000 series if a dedicated circuit breaker
is to be applied for outstanding clamping
performance
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TVSS Application
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GE TR Series TVSS
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GE TVSS Design Enhanced Thermal Protection
NEW ! GE TPR7000 series models are equipped
with Enhanced Thermally Protected Metal Oxide
Varistor (TPMOV) Technology
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GE TVSS Products - TR Series Wall Mounted Nema
Enclosed
Service Entrance 150 300kA per mode
Primary Distribution 80 125kA per mode
Secondary Distribution 65 80kA per mode
Point of Use 25 50kA per mode
GE Recommends a minimum of (2) levels
of TVSS protection for best results per ANSI/IEEE
Emerald book recommended practices.
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Layered TVSS Protection per ANSI/IEEE C62.41
Categories of Exposure
A/C
Internal / External Transient Source
External Transient Sources
Electronic Ballasts
Primary Secondary Distribution
Main
Sensitive Loads

TVSS
TVSS
TVSS
TVSS
TVSS
TVSS
120V
480V
TVSS
Main
480V
Security Computers Video
Branch Panels 120V
Internal Transient Sources
TVSS
480V
Drives Motors
Service Entrance Category C
Distribution Category B
Point of Use Category A
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TVSS Application
Reasons for Layered System Protection 1)
ANSI/IEEE C62.41,45 Emerald Book Guide to TVSS
Application Outlines cascading TVSS approach
for all categories and exposure levels 2) High
level voltage spikes can get past service
entrance Voltage spikes from high kA
transients can still damage downstream equip 3)
Internally generated transients 80 of all
transients Service entrance TVSS cannot
provide protection from internal surges 4)
Unexpected external transients in distribution
ie Rooftop AC Lightning strikes on building
or nearby bring high kA transients into
distribution 5) Redundant layered protection at
multiple levels Additional layers protect
sensitive electronics if upstream devices fail
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TVSS Installation - Bonding Requirements for
Grounded Systems
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Lighting Ballasts clearly showed sensitivity to
everyday transient activity generated inside and
outside of commercial and industrial buildings,
regardless of manufacturer. GE TVSS eliminated
harmful transient surges that can greatly reduce
the overall operational life of common products
like lighting ballasts resulting in significant
cost savings in equipment, reduced downtime and
maintenance.
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TVSS Installation System Voltage
Configurations
120Y, 220Y, 240Y, 277Y, 347Y
240D, 480D, 600D
240H
240D, 480D, 600D
120S
120S
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GE TR7000, TPR7000 and TR5000 TVSS Summary
Product
GE TR7000 TPR7000 and TR5000 Series TVSS
Transient Voltage Surge Suppression
Reduced Maintenance costs. Protect investment in
sensitive electronics such as electronic ballasts
and computers from damaging voltage spikes.
Benefits
Features
Easily installs on new or existing branch panels
feeding lighting or computer loads.
Outstanding performance and longevity
characteristics. Protects multiple electronics
All loads fed from the protected panel Available
in 120, 277,480 and 600Volts.
Application
Education, Retail, Warehouse, Plants, Office
complex.
Terms Power quality, Spikes,
Lightning strikes, Over-voltages, Swell, Sag.
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