LESSON PLANNING

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by
LESSON PLANNING
Aneela Israr
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Presentation Outline

• Introduction
• Purpose of a lesson plan
• Four Major Elements of a lesson plan
• Six common mistakes in writing lesson plans
• Lesson plan the easy way
• Characteristics of a good lesson plan

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Course Outline

• Advantages of lesson plan
• Writing lesson plans
• How to plan
• Measurement, Assessment Evaluation in Education
• Practice lesson planning
• (Hall display)

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OBJECTIVES OF THE DAY

• Objectives
• By the end of the session the participants will
  be able to
• Explain the process of lesson planning
• Prepare a lesson plan as per the text book.
• Demonstrate their understanding of the skills
  enhanced through the use of the lesson plans.

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objectives

• Learn a skill that will help to define you as a
  teacher.
• Understand the concept of thinking of a lesson
  plan as a way of communicating
• Help new or inexperienced teachers organize
  content, materials, and methods.
• An objective is a description of what a student
  does that forms the basis for making an inference
  about learning.

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• Purpose of a lesson plan
• To
• structure the lesson
• organize its contents/materials
• determine method of its delivery
• assess students learning
• evaluate its application/effectiveness

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FOUR MAJOR ELEMENTS

• Educational Objectives
• Content and Appropriate Teaching Activities
• Preparation of all the Material
• Monitoring Assessing Learning

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Six Common Mistakes In Writing Lesson Plans

• (AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM)

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Tutors input Six common mistakes in LPs

• Poorly written objectives lead to faulty
  inferences.
• The lesson assessment is not connected with the
  behavior indicated in the objective.
• Prerequisites are not specified or are
  inconsistent with the lesson requirements.
• The materials specified in the lesson are
  irrelevant to those described learning
  activities.
• Teachers instructions are inefficient
• Students activities do not contribute effectively
  to the lesson objective

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Lesson Planning The Easy Way
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Lesson Plan the Easy Way

• The clearer the structure of a lesson and the
  more precise the directions on what is to be
  accomplished, the higher the achievement rate.

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FIVE LEVELS OF PLANNING

• Daily planning (Teacher)
• 2. Weekly planning (Teachers-individually
  
• as well as
  in groups)
• 3. Unit planning (Teachers Group
  /Co ordination)
• Term planning
• Yearly planning

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Lesson Plan The Easy Way

• Characteristics
• A Good Lesson Plan is
• based upon previous knowledge.
• caters to the age level of students.
• uses motivational techniques
• includes necessary materials
• is student centered, flexible, complete,
  interesting activity based
• has proportionate time allocation
• includes evaluation process
• h. includes all the essential elements of a
  lesson plan

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Lesson Plan The Easy Way

• Advantages of lesson plan
• makes the work regular organized
• it induces confidence.
• it saves time
• promotes learning.
• it makes conscious for the achievement of
  objectives.
• improves results

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Lesson Plan The Easy Way

• Writing Lesson Plans
• The writing of lesson plan has three important
• Functions
• identifies what you expect the students to be
  able to do by the end of the lesson
• defines what you intend to do to make that
  possible
• keeps you focused on target.
• acts as a record of what the class has done.

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Lesson Plan The Easy Way

• WRITING LESSON PLANS
• Components of a lesson plan
• Topic
• Resources
• Objectives
• Methodology
• Activity
• Homework

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EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

• .are the learning outcomes of a lesson i.e.
  what the students should be able to know or do at
  the end of the lesson that they could not do at
  the beginning!

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EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

• Specify the new skills that the students will
  gain as a result of the lesson
• Focus on students (not teachers) attainment
• Determine the degree or criterion for
  satisfactory attainment of the objectives.

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EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

• Setting Objectives
• What will the learner be able to
• Know (conceptcognitive)
• Do (skill psychomotor)
• Feel (behavior, attitude, appreciation or
  ideasaffective)
• Each defined objective is matched with
• Teaching Method
• Learning Activities
• Type of Assessment
• Note Relevance is the essential quality of the
  educational objectives

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Activity 2 EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

• Objectives should be SMART
• Specific
• Measurable
• Attainable
• Realistic
• Time bound

• Write SMART Objectives for
• English Urdu
• Comprehension
• Creative writing
• Grammar
• Literature summary , RTC.
• Mathematics
• Science
• Social studies
• Library

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ROLE OF LEARNING MATERIALS

• Defines Instructional Objectives
• Sets Tasks to Attain Objectives
• Informs Learners of Tasks they have to Perform
• Provides Guidance and Practice
• Provides Feedback on Retention of acquired Skills
  
• Makes the teaching effective.
• Supplies concrete basis for conceptual thinking.
• Makes learning permanent

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Teaching Materials / Resources

• A. COURSE BOOKS
• B. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
• 1. Teachers book
• 2. Work book

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• C. SUPPORTING MATERIAL
• 1. Audio Materials2. Visual materials
• 3. Audio-visual materials.
• 4. Multi media

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Audio Visual Aids Supporting Materials

• TEACHERS PUPILS ENVIRONMENT
  MANUFACTURED VISUAL AIDS
• B/W BOARDS PICTURES FLASH
  REALIA
• CARDS
• PICTURE WORD
  ADAPTABLE
• FLASH CARDS FLASH CARDS
  FLASH CARDS

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MODERN CLASS ROOM (MULTI-MEDIA)
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WRITING LESSON PLANS

• Methodology - Specify Timings of each of these
  steps (40/80 minutes)
• Settling time
• Introduction
• Previous Knowledge
• Presentation Brainstorming / Discussion /
  teachers Input
• Practice (Students output) CW. Oral / Written
• Home Work
• Assessment Test / worksheets

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METHOD

• Any teaching Item has three stages

Presentation
Practice
Production
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Method

• Presentation of the Items involves
• Preparing class
• making sure the concept is absolutely clear to
  student
• giving the model example of the item
• Practice the Teaching Item involves
• repetition/ drilling
• Dialogue / discussion
• Worksheets

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METHODS

• Production of the Teaching items
• Involves
• Role play
• Games / dialogue etc
• Practicing the item
• Assessment

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WRITING LESSON PLANS

• Activities Daily Life application of the
  concept
• Type nature of activities
• individual / group work
• reading
• project / art work / model making
• role play
• presentations
• charts / maps
• practical work etc.

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ROLE OF ACTIVITIES

• source of motivation
• making learning interesting
• decrease the anxiety of learner
• concrete base for abstract learning
• develop confidence (individually, group work)
• develop creativity
• flexible and friendly environment
• provides students an approach towards learning
• capture the attention and involve the students in
  learning situation

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Activity

• Explain the following components of
  lesson plans Group Work
• Content
• Prerequisites
• Instructional Objective
• Instructional Procedures
• V . Materials and Equipment
• VI. Assessment/Evaluation
• VII. Follow-up Activities
• Self-Assessment

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TUTORS INPUT

• Content
• This is a statement that relates to the
  subject-matter content. The content may be a
  concept or a skill. Phrase this as follows I
  want my students to (be able to name the skill)
  OR (I want my students to understand a
  description of the concept).

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TUTORS INPUT

• II. Prerequisites
• Indicate what the student must already know or
  be able to do in order to be successful with this
  lesson.

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TUTORS INPUT

• III. Instructional Objective
• Indicate what is to be learned - this must be a
  complete objective. Write this objective in terms
  of what an individual student will do, not what a
  group will do.

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TUTORS INPUT

• IV. Instructional Procedures
• Description of what you will do in teaching the
  lesson, and, as appropriate, includes a
  description of how you will introduce the lesson
  to the students, what actual instructional
  techniques you will use, and how you will bring
  closure to the lesson. Include what specific
  things students will actually do during the
  lesson. In most cases, you will provide some sort
  of summary for the students.

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TUTORS INPUT

• V. Materials and Equipment List all materials
  and equipment to be used by both the teacher and
  learner and how they will be used.
• VI. Assessment/Evaluation Describe how you will
  determine the extent to which students have
  attained the instructional objective. Be sure
  this part is directly connected to the behavior
  called for in the instructional objective.

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TUTORS INPUT

• VII. Follow-up Activities
• Indicate how other activities/materials will be
  used to reinforce and extend this lesson. Include
  homework, assignments, and projects.

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TUTORS INPUT

• VIII. Self-Assessment
• (to be completed after the lesson is
  presented)
• Address the major components of the lesson plan,
  focusing on both the strengths, and areas of
  needed improvement. Determine here how you plan
  to collect information that will be useful for
  planning future lessons. A good idea is to
  analyze the difference between what you wanted
  (the objective) and what was attained (the
  results of the assessment).

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Activity

• Complete the Educational Circle 05 minutes

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Complete the educational circle
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TUTORS INPUT THE EDUCATIONAL CIRCLE
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Activity

• Instructions
• Topic Preparing Lesson Planning (Maths,
  Science, Urdu, Social studies, English)
• Duration of activity 30 minutes
• Materials required Flip charts, chart
  paper, markers
• Tell the participants that they will prepare
  lesson plans based upon what they have so far
  learned.
• Divide the participants into groups. Every group
  will work on preparing lesson plans.
• Allocate topics from the textbooks for each
  subject.

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Instructions

• Allow the participants to prepare lesson plans as
  per their topics.
• Each group presents their lesson.
• Once the groups have made their presentations
  exchange the lesson plans between groups for
  analysis, comments and revision if required.
• Invite groups to share their analysis and
  comments.
• Repeat the above steps for each subject.

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Aim Before Planning a Lesson

• Questions you need to ask are
• What are the inputs?
• What is the output?
• What do I expect the student to be able to do by
  the end of the time available?
• What will I do in order to make that possible?
• How will I break up the time into main stages?
• What will be the main stages be linked?
• What materials/aids will I need to achieve these
  aims?

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Activity
Process
Input
Process
Output
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Activity

• Devise a 40/80 minute lesson based on the method
  PPP dont forget to set the objective
• The following headings may assist you
• Components of a lesson plan
• Topic
• Objective
• Resource
• Methodology
• Activities
• Homework
• Assessment
• Evaluation (Self analysis PPIR an MCF)

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Activity Preparing a lesson plan
Gallery Display Feedback and discussion on
lessons prepared
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MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN EDUCATION
Who is going to Assess Me?
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Weekly Evaluation

• Intrinsic feed back (self analysis) based on
• How do I plan a lesson?
• How do I follow a curriculum?
• How can I become an excellent classroom manager?
• How do I make the best use of the text book and
  other audio-visual aids?
• What do I do when things go wrong?
• How do I know if my lesson is successful? What is
  the evidence? under planned / over planned,
  realistic targets of student achievement?

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Self Evaluation

• Through Students output
• Intrinsic feedback (self analysis)
• Extrinsic feedback ( head /seniors)
• Informal ( parents)
• STUDENTS EVALUATION MUST BE BASED ON

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Six levels of Cognitive Domain
Student Evaluation Blooms Taxonomy
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Writing an Objective based Assessment

• Whenever a teacher guides instruction toward a
  specific learning objective, it is safe to assume
  that there will be, at some appropriate point, an
  appraisal made to determine whether the students
  have met or achieved the intent of the objective

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RULE OF THUMB

• Be sure to provide students with the opportunity
  to practice what you will be assessing them on.

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I cannot change the direction of the wind, I can
adjust my wings to sail in its direction but .
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Touching Education
Thank You
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Daily Lesson Plan Date/Day 15th Jan 07-Mon
Class/Sec VI -Red Period 1st - 2nd (80
min) Subject Eng-LangTopic Comprehension
Objective St.will be able to fully understand /
comprehend the passage and be able to Ans.Q
correctly.
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Daily Lesson Plan
Date/Day 17th Jan 07-Wed. Class/Sec
VII-Blue Period 3rd ( 40 min ) Subject
Science Topic Light
Objective Student to understand light as a
form of energy Its impact on our daily
lives How it travels

Understand about shadows
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Daily Lesson Plan Date/Day18th Jan 07- Thur
Class/Sec VII-Blue Period 5th (40
min) Subject Geography
Topic Longitude and Latitude
Objective St. to be able to identify lines
of Long. Lat. To know how to locate
any place on earth Local /
International Time
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Activity 8

• In the light of lesson you have planned give a
  brief evaluation plan to assess student
  achievement and then evaluate your lesson plan.
• Homework

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THANK U