THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES

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THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
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Functionalism

• maintaining the status quomainstreamdominant
  groupwealth, privileges, power, prestige
• Conservative orientationcultural
  deterministindividual achievement

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Social Theorists

• FrenchAugust Comtecoined the word
  SociologyDavid Emile Durkheimbrainchild of
  modern sociology
• Americans Talcott ParsonsHarvard
  SchoolRobert Mertoncritique of
  functionalismdysfunctions two concepts 1.
  Manifest--intended and 2. Latent--unintended

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Conflict

• GermansKarl Marxclass divisionsworking class
  and capitalist classtimeless Dominant group v.
  subordinate group (people of color)power
  dimension Power is Aphrodisiac (economic
  determinism)race and genderMax
  Webermulti-dimensional view social, political
  and economic

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• AmericanC. Wright MillsSociological
  imaginationmacro perspective
• The classical theoriesethnocentricClassracegen
  der

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Labeling theory

• Stereotypes
• Racial profiling
• Middle Range theory
• Social theorist--Howard Becker

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Symbolic Interactionism

• Chicago schoolmicro-sociologyAmericansGeorge
  Herbert MeadRobert ParkHerbert Blumercoined
  S.I.

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Middle range theories--specific

• Phenomenology, i.e., what people thinkAlfred
  Schutz
• Ethnomethodology, i.e., what people doHarold
  Garfinkel
• More homocentric

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Exchange social exchanges

• AmericansGeorge Homansrewards, i.e., intrinsic
  (intangibles) e.g. recognition, satisfaction, etc
  and extrinsic (tangibles) e.g. pay--1 to .82
  cents
• Peter Blausocial exchangesmarriages, e.g.,
  wedding rings

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Evolutionary social change

• Mankato from1980s to 2002racial diversity
• August Comte--French
• Herbert SpenserEnglish
• Talcott ParsonsAmerican
• Gerhard LenskiAmerican

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