Introductory Sociology DAVE HALL PERRYSBURG HIGH SCHOOL

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Introductory Sociology DAVE HALLPERRYSBURG
HIGH SCHOOL
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SOCIOLOGY
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• ...The systematic study of human society and of
  human behavior in social settings
• Study of people in groups and group behavior

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• Study of the powerful role that broad social
  forces play in shaping peoples lives.
• Looks beyond individual psychology and unique
  events to the predictable broad patterns and
  regular occurrences of social life that influence
  our individual destinies.

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• At the heart of sociology
• The sociological perspective which offers a
  rather unique view of society

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The Sociological Perspective

• Ability to analyze groups, social events and
  social problems from a societal perspective
  rather than an individual perspective!!

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The Sociological Perspective

• Versus the individual perspective
• How would you analyze the first day in class?
• What were your first thoughts?
• Class/grades/teacher/friends/time of day
• Rules/etc
• What type of perspective?

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The Sociological Perspective

• A sociologist would ask different types of
  questions
• Emphasis on social relations and of people in
  groups
• Look at four major areas in order to use the
  socio persp.

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The Sociological Perspective

• Rules of conduct
• Group characteristics
• Power relations
• Social functions

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RULES OF CONDUCT
CAN BE BOTH UNWRITTEN AND WRITTEN -FORMAL ARE
WRITTEN DOWN AND ARE IMPORTANT TO THE POWER
WRITING THEM INFORMAL ARE UNWRITTEN BUT
UNDERSTOOD BY MEMBERS OF THE GROUP AND MAY BE
VERY POWERFUL
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EXAMPLES
SHOTGUN SEAT CHECK CAFETERIA DORM RULES
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The Sociological Perspective

• Rules of conduct
• Group characteristics
• Power relations
• Social functions

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GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
SEX RATIO RELIGION ETHNICITY/RACE EXPERIENCE
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Group Characteristics

• Sex ratio
• Class
• PE/home EC/math
• Departments
• Social studies
• Math/Eng./SCI
• Home EC/shop

Administration Elementary Schools
Coaches
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Group Characteristics

• Sex ratio
• Corporations
• Law firms
• Factories
• Female President
• Rice Hillary

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GROUP CHARACTERISTICS

• EXPERIENCE
• UNWED MOTHERS
• PRISONERS
• ARMY VETS
• BUSINESSMEN

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Group Characteristics

• Religion
• Christian
• Muslim
• Hindu
• Jewish
• VP candidate

Religion in US
Religions in World
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GROUP CHARACTERISTICS

• ETHNICITY
• RACE

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GROUP CHARACTERISTICS

• Melting Pot?
• Heinz 57?
• Smorgasboard ?
• Heritage?

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GROUP CHARACTERISTICSETHNICITY VS RACE
Ethnicity Ethnicity is a shared cultural
heritage. While race is a biological concept,
ethnicity is a cultural one. However, the two
overlap. Ethnic characteristics are sometimes
incorrectly believed to be racial, but while
ethnicity is subject to modification over time,
racial identity persists over generations.
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GROUP CHARACTERISTICSETHNICITY VS RACE
A race is a category composed of men and women
who share biologically transmitted traits that
members of a society deem socially significant.
Over thousands of generations, the physical
environments that humans lived in created
physical variability. In addition, migration and
intermarriage spread genetic characteristics
throughout the world. Racial Typology During
the nineteenth century biologists developed a
three-part scheme of racial classification,
including Caucasian, Negroid, and Mongoloid.
Research confirms, however, that no pure races
exist.
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Minorities A racial or ethnic minority is a
category of people, distinguished by physical or
cultural traits, that is socially disadvantaged.
Table 13-1 (p. 350) presents 1990 census data on
the approximate populations of racial and ethnic
categories in the United States. Minorities have
two major characteristics they maintain a
distinctive identity and are subordinated through
the social stratification system. While
minorities are usually a relatively small segment
of a society, there are exceptions blacks in
South Africa, for example. The absolute numbers
of minorities are increasing and, within a
century, minorities, taken together, may form a
majority. The Social Diversity box (p. 351) takes
a closer look at this pattern.
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GROUP CHARACTERISTICS

• RACE
• CAUCAUSIAN
• BLACK
• ASIAN
• ETHNICITY
• ARAB
• ASIAN
• CHINESE/JAPANESE
• KOREAN/VIETNAMESE
• INDIAN
• ITALIAN-IRISH-GERMANS
• HISPANIC-RUSSIANS
• POLISH-SLOVAKS

2000 census
Obama
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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION

• an active effort to improve the employment or
  educational opportunities of members of minority
  groups and women also  a similar effort to
  promote the rights or progress of other
  disadvantaged persons

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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION

• Supreme Courts Upholds
• What happens when one minority group loses out to
  another group?
• Hispanics vs Blacks?
• Blacks vs Blacks?

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Are Chicanos Mexicans? Latinos Mexican-Americans H
ispano Chicano
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Are Chicanos Mexicans?
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The Sociological Perspective

• Rules of conduct
• Group characteristics
• Power relations
• Social functions

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POWER RELATIONS

• WHO HAS IT
• HOW DID THEY GET IT
• HOW DO THEY KEEP IT

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POWER RELATIONS

• ability to act or produce an effect capacity for
  being acted upon or undergoing an effect b legal
  or official authority, capacity, or right
• 2 a possession of control, authority, or
  influence over others b one having such power
  specifically  a sovereign state c a controlling
  group  establishment

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POWER RELATIONS

• WHO IS THE MOST POWERFUL TEACHER AT Perrysburg
  High School?

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POWER RELATIONS
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POWER RELATIONS

• WHO IS THE MOST POWERFUL PERSON IN CORPORATION?
• LAW FIRM?
• GROUP

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POWER RELATIONS

• Abuse of Power
• Presidential Pardons
• -half-brother
• -Patty Hearst
• - supporter
• -own deal to avoid prosecution

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The Sociological Perspective

• Rules of conduct
• Group characteristics
• Power relations
• Social functions

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SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
WHAT PURPOSE DOES IT SERVE? Perrysburg High
School SOCIAL RITUAL UPWARD MOBILITY DELAY ENTRY
INTO WORKPLACE TRAIN FOR FUTURE SUCCESS CIVIC
RESPONSIBILITY SOCIAL INTERACTION-HAVE FUN
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FOOTBALL GAME

• RULES OF CONDUCT
• GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
• POWER RELATIONS
• SOCIAL FUNCTIONS

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FOOTBALL GAME

• RULES OF CONDUCT

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FOOTBALL GAME

• GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
• Coaches
• Starters
• Backups
• Scout team trainers
• Managers
• cheerleaders

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FOOTBALL GAME

• POWER RELATIONS

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FOOTBALL GAME

• SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
• Competition
• Group cooridination
• Division of labor
• Release of violence
• Discipline
• Friendship

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VOLLEYBALL GAME

• RULES OF CONDUCT
• GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
• POWER RELATIONS
• SOCIAL FUNCTIONS

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SOCCER GAME

• RULES OF CONDUCT
• GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
• POWER RELATIONS
• SOCIAL FUNCTIONS

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BASKETBALL GAME

• RULES OF CONDUCT
• GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
• POWER RELATIONS
• SOCIAL FUNCTIONS

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TEST ESSAY

• ANALYZE ANY GROUP THAT YOU BELONG TO
• USE SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE
• 1. RULES OF CONDUCT
• 2. GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
• 3. POWER RELATIONS
• 4. SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
• PARAGRAPH FORMAT

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• CHALLENGES FAMILIARITY
• IDEALISM VERSUS REALITY OF SITUATIONS FOR PEOPLE
• BROADENS PERSONAL VIEWS
• SEE OUR INDIVIDUAL FREEDOMS AND POWERFUL
  CONSTRAINTS
• EMPOWERS PEOPLE
• FORCES STUDENTS TO ENGAGE THE WORLD
• RECOGNIZES SOCIAL DIVERSITY
• UNDERSTANDING CAN LEAD TO ACCEPTANCE AND TOLERANCE

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SOCIOLOGIGAL IMAGINATION
C WRIGHT MILLS USED TERM TO REFER TO THE ABILITY
TO SEE THE CONNECTION BETWEEN OUR OWN PERSONAL
EXPERIENCES AND LARGER SOCIAL FORCES. EXAMPLES B
LACKS-DISCRIMINATION FEMALE-PAY
DISCRIMINATION COLLEGE ADMISSION AGAINST WHITE
MALES
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SOCIOLOGIGAL IMAGINATION
C WRIGHT MILLS THE RESTRICTED WORLD OF THE
INDIVIDUAL SUDDENLY ENLARGES. ENABLES PEOPLE TO
SEE THAT WE ARE NOT JUST INDIVIDUALS CONTROLLING
OUR OWN DESTINIES-WE ARE PART OF LARGER SOCIAL
PATTERNS WE CANNOT ALWAYS CONTROL
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SOCIAL FACTS
ANY SOCIAL ACTIVITY OR SITUATION THAT CAN BE
MEASURED OR OBSERVED. -PROPERTIES OF SOCIAL LIFE
THAT CANNOT BE EXPLAINED BY REFERENCE TO
CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL PEOPLE.
RELIGIOUS AFFLIATION/MARRIAGE RATES/BIRTH
RATES DIVORCE RATES/DEATH RATES/ACT SCORES/SEX
RATIOS DISCRIMINATION
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