1. THE LEGACY OF WWII

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WORLD WAR II

• 1. THE LEGACY OF WWII
• US policy
• Interventionists United Nations
• Human cost
• Holocaust
• Nuremberg Trials1946
• Toyko Trials
• The Cold War 1946 to 1989
• WWII today

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UN
UNITED NATIONS
Soviet Union

U.S.A
China
Great BritainFrance
Limited Democracy
MilitaryDictatorship
No Self Government

• Founders of the United Nations in 1945
• Permanent seats on the Security Council.
• Replaced the League of Nations to promote world
  peace

1 Party State
No Government
Dictatorship
Monarchy
Democracy
Communism
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The Creation of the U. N.
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HUMAN COST of World War II
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COST OF WWII

• 50 to 60 million people die
• US spent 300 billion
• National debt 252 billion

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WW II Casualties Europe
Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the
appropriate theater of operations
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WW II Casualties Asia
Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the
appropriate theater of operations
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WWII CASUALITIES

• Civilians only.
• Army and navy figures.
• Figures cover July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and
  concern only Chinese regular troops. Do not
  include casualties suffered by guerrillas and
  local military corps.
• Deaths from all causes.
• Against Soviet Russia 385,847 against Nazi
  Germany.
• Against Soviet Russia 169,822 against Nazi
  Germany.
• National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq.,
  Director of History.

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WWII CASUALITIES

• Civilians only.
• Army and navy figures.
• Figures cover July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and
  concern only Chinese regular troops. Do not
  include casualties suffered by guerrillas and
  local military corps.
• Deaths from all causes.
• Against Soviet Russia 385,847 against Nazi
  Germany.
• Against Soviet Russia 169,822 against Nazi
  Germany.
• National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq.,
  Director of History.

10

WW II Casualties

• Civilians only.
• Army and navy figures.
• Figures cover period July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2,
  1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops.
  They do not include casualties suffered by
  guerrillas and local military corps.
• Deaths from all causes.
• Against Soviet Russia 385,847 against Nazi
  Germany.
• Against Soviet Russia 169,822against Nazi
  Germany.
• National Defense Ctr., CanadianForces Hq.,
  Director of History.

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HUMAN DISLOATIONS
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THE HOLOCAUST

• Great destruction resulting in the extensive loss
  of life, especially by fire
• The genocide of European Jews and other
  undesirables by the Nazis during World War II
• Hitler killed over 12 million undesirables
  which 6 million were Jews in his concentration
  camps

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THE HOLOCAUST

• My first and foremost task will be the
  annihilation of the Jews.
• "All the human culture, all the results of art,
  science, and technology that we see before us
  today, are almost exclusively the creative
  product of the Aryan..."
• "The mightiest counterpart to the Aryan is
  represented by the Jew."
• "And so I believe to-day that my conduct is in
  accordance with the will of the Almighty Creator.
  In standing guard against the Jew I am defending
  the handiwork of the Lord."

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THE HOLOCAUST

• My first and foremost task will be the
  annihilation of the Jews. "All the human
  culture, all the results of art, science, and
  technology that we see before us today, are
  almost exclusively the creative product of the
  Aryan..."
• "The mightiest counterpart to the Aryan is
  represented by the Jew."
• "And so I believe to-day that my conduct is in
  accordance with the will of the Almighty Creator.
  In standing guard against the Jew I am defending
  the handiwork of the Lord."
• Adolf Hitler, 1922
• If, with the help of his Marxist creed, the Jew
  is victorious over the other peoples of the
  world, his crown will be the funeral wreath of
  humanity and this planet will, as it did
  thousands of years ago, move through the ether
  devoid of men.
• The end is not only the end of the freedom of the
  peoples oppressed by the Jew, but also the end of
  this parasite upon the nations. After the death
  of his victim, the vampire sooner or later dies
  too. Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf

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THE HOLOCAUST

• The Jews have deserved the catastrophe that has
  now overtaken them. Their destruction will go
  hand in hand with the destruction of our enemies.
  Joseph Goebbels, 1942
• Jews must pay for its crime just as our Fuehrer
  predicted in the Reichstag namely, by the wiping
  out of the Jewish race in Europe and possibly in
  the entire world. Joseph Goebbels, 1942

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THE HOLOCAUST

• Not much will remain of the Jews. On the whole it
  can be said that about 60 of them will have to
  be liquidated whereas only about 40 can be used
  for forced labor. Joseph Goebbels, 1942
• I realized once again that the Jewish race is the
  most dangerous one that inhabits the globe, and
  that we must show them no mercy and no
  indulgence. This riffraff must be eliminated and
  destroyed. Joseph Goebbels, 1942

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THE HOLOCAUST

• At bottom, however, I believe both the English
  and the Americans are happy that we are
  exterminating the Jewish riff-raff. Joseph
  Goebbels, 1942
• It is a question of existence, thus it will be a
  racial struggle of pitiless severity, in the
  course of which 20 to 30 million Slavs and Jews
  will perish through military actions and crises
  of food supply. Heinrich Himmler, June 1941
• Whether nations live in prosperity or starve to
  death interests me only in so far as we need them
  as slaves for our culture otherwise, it is of no
  interest to me. Heinrich Himmler, 1943

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THE HOLOCAUST

• The final solution itself ... to put it bluntly,
  the extermination of the Jews, was not provided
  for by Reich Law.
• It was a Führer's Order, a so-called Führer's
  Order. Adolf Eichmann, 1960-61

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A Common Enemy

• Hitler blames Jews for problems of Germany
• Loss of WWI
• German Economic Depression
• Jews identified as a race not a religion
• A New Education Begins
• Save Germany from impurities
• Aryan Virtues----Nuremberg Laws

nuremberg
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Three Phases of Hatred

• Phase 1 1933-1939
• A Common Enemy Re-Education
• Citizenship Rights?
• German Jews face deportation
• Violence Escalates----Kristalnacht
• Phase 2 (1939-1945)
• World War II Declared (England and France)
• Ghettos and Forced Labor Camps
• Germans begin mass executions of European Jews
  and Eastern Europeans.
• Einzsengruben death squads
• Phase 3 The Final Solution
• Move to concentration camps
• Mass extermination with gas chambers

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Death Camps
Auschwitz was the main death camp
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Holocaust
HOLOCAUST
Genocide Policy of exterminating a race of
people..Nazi policy from 1941 to 1945.
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Nazi leaders being tried for war crimes and
crimes against civilians Established the
principle That individuals are responsible for
the actions regardless if they are carrying out
orders.
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trial

• Crimes against peace, humanitywar crimes
• Important principle established
• Individuals responsible for their actions

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trial
Several Nazi leaders would be found guilty for
crimes against humanity. Punishments ranged from
prison sentences up to life and execution by
hanging...
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Japanese War Crimes Trials
General Hideki Tojo
Bio-Chemical Experimentson humans!
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Yalta
DECISIONS AT YALTA CONFERENCE
Yalta Conference shaped the post WWII world. The
lasting effect was You cannot trust the words
of a dictator.

• KEY DECISIONS
• Created a United Nations
• Germany and Berlin divided into 4 zones
  controlled by the Allies
• Eastern European countries allowed free
  elections
• Stalin signed agreements but Eastern Europe would
  stay under Soviet control.

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CONFLICTING INTERESTS
coldwar

• Soviet Goals
• Wanted to rebuild Europe in ways that would help
  the Soviet Union recover from the huge losses it
  suffered during the war
• Wanted to establish Soviet satellite nations,
  countries subject to Soviet domination and
  sympathetic to Soviet goals
• Wanted to promote the spread of communism
  throughout the world

• American Goals
• Wanted conquered European nations to experience
  the democracy and economic opportunity that the
  United States had fought for during the war
• Wanted to develop strong capitalist economies,
  which would provide good markets for American
  products

vs
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THE COLD WAR
coldwar
vs

• Uneasy peace between the U.S. and the Soviet
  Union.
• Competition for world dominance and global power.
  
• Fought on political and economic fronts rather
  than on military battlefields---------Even though
  the threat of war was always present.
• Defined Americas foreign policy from 1946 to
  1989.
• It affected domestic politics and how Americans
  viewed the world and themselves.
• Constant state of military preparedness and arms
  race
• Propaganda war----Democracy vs Communism
• US policy Support nations threatened by
  Communism

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NATO
NATO ALLIANCE AND WARSAW PACT
CommunisticWarsaw Pact
CommunisticWarsaw Pact
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The Bi-Polarization of Europe The Beginning of
the Cold War
map/cold war
1950s
Democracy vs. Communism Bi-Polarization of the
World
Soviet Union/China and Allies..
US, Allied Nations and Allied colonies.
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atomic bomb
NUCLEAR AGE

• The world would now live with the threat of
  nuclear war.
• Arms race between Soviet Union and U.S. who could
  build the most nuclear weapons.
• U.S. would use nuclear weapons as a deterrent
• Peace through strength
• nuclear diplomacy

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map/cold war
CONTAINMENT POLICY
1950s
Containment Stop the expansion of Communism in
Asia and Europe
Soviet Union/China and Allies..
US, Allied Nations and Allied colonies.
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Communist ExpansionA Chronology of Events
Soviet Union1918
X
Berlin Blockade 1947-8
Eastern Europe1946
China1949
X
Korean War1950 to 1953
CONTAINMENT Marshall PlanBerlin
AirliftNATOKorean War
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TheWorld We Live in Today Was Formed by the
Events of World War II
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7 Future American Presidents Lives Were Formed by
Their Service in World War II
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The Race for Space
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Early Computer Technology Came Out of WW II
Colossus, 1941
Mark I, 1944
Admiral Grace Hooper, 1944-1992COBOL language
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The De-Colonization of European Empires
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The Emergence of Third World Nationalist Movements