Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles

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Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles

• Li-Fen L. Chang, M.D., Ph.D.
• Radiation Oncology
• SOMC Cancer Center

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Estimated US Cancer Cases
Men766,860
Women678,060

• 32 Breast
• 12 Lung and bronchus
• 11 Colon and rectum
• 6 Uterine corpus
• 4 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• 4 Melanoma of skin
• 3 Ovary
• 3 Thyroid
• 2 Urinary bladder
• 2 Pancreas
• 21 All Other Sites

Prostate 33 Lung and bronchus 13 Colon and
rectum 10 Urinary bladder 7 Melanoma of
skin 5 Non-Hodgkin 4
lymphoma Kidney 3 Leukemia 3 Oral
Cavity 3 Pancreas 2 All Other Sites 17
Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers
and in situ carcinomas except urinary
bladder. Source American Cancer Society.
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Estimated US Cancer Deaths
Men289,550
Women270,100

• 27 Lung and bronchus
• 15 Breast
• 10 Colon and rectum
• 6 Ovary
• 6 Pancreas
• 4 Leukemia
• 3 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• 3 Uterine corpus
• 2 Multiple myeloma
• 2 Brain/ONS
• 22 All other sites

Lung and bronchus 31 Prostate 10 Colon and
rectum 10 Pancreas 5 Leukemia 4 Esophagus 4 Li
ver and intrahepatic 3bile duct Non-Hodgkin
3 Lymphoma Urinary
bladder 3 Kidney 3 All other sites
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ONSOther nervous system. Source American Cancer
Society,
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Cancer Facts

• African Americans are more likely to die of
  cancer than people of any other racial or ethnic
  group.
• The number of new cancer cases and cancer death
  rates for MEN are highest among African
  Americans.
• Cancer death rates for WOMEN are highest among
  African Americans.
• Among MEN and Women, the number of new cases of
  lung cancer is more than 2 times higher among
  African Americans than among Asian/Pacific
  Islanders.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Statistics (to continue)

• In 2004, African American men were 1.4 times as
  likely to have new cases of lung and prostate
  cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white men.
• African American men were almost twice as likely
  to have new cases of stomach cancer as
  non-Hispanic white men.
• African Americans men had lower 5-year cancer
  survival rates for lung and pancreatic cancer, as
  compared to non-Hispanic white men.

The Office of Minor Health, US Department of
Health Human Services
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Statistics (continue)

• In 2005, African American men were 2.4 times as
  likely to die from prostate cancer, as compared
  to non-Hispanic white men.
• In 2005, African American women were 10 less
  likely to have been diagnosed with breast cancer,
  however, they were 34 more likely to die from
  breast cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white
  women.
• African American women are twice as likely to
  have been diagnosed with stomach cancer, and they
  are 2.4 times as likely to die from stomach
  cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white women.

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Cancer Prevention

• Do not using tobacco products tobacco causes
  cancer of many sites!
• Lung
• Throat
• Mouth
• Nasopharyngeal
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Bladder
• Pancreas
• Liver
• Cervix
• Acute myeloid leukemia

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Cancer Prevention

• Choosing foods with less fat and eating more
  vegetables, fruits, and whole grains
• Obesity is associated with
• colon,
• breast,
• endometrial,
• Ovarian,
• and possibly other cancers.

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Cancer Prevention

• Avoiding excessive alcohol drinking Excessive
  alcohol consumption is associated with increased
  risk of
• oral,
• esophageal,
• breast,
• and other cancers.

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Cancer Prevention

• Exercising regularly and maintaining a lean
  weight Physical inactivity is associated with
  increased risk of colon,
• breast,
• Gynecologic,
• and possibly other cancers.

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Cancer Prevention

• Avoiding the harmful rays of the sun, using
  sunscreen, and wearing clothing that protects the
  skin skin cancer.
• Fair skinned,
• lots of moles,
• relative has had melanoma or other skin cancer

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common signs and symptoms of cancer

• new mole or an obvious change in the appearance
  of an existing wart or mole

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common signs and symptoms of cancer

• a sore that does not heal

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Cancer Prevention

• Avoiding exposure to ionizing radiation and
  ultraviolet radiation, certain occupational and
  chemical exposures radon,
• asbestos (mesothelioma), chemical dye (bladder
  cancer)

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Cancer Prevention

• Avoid infectious agents human papillomavirus
  (HPV), hepatitis B and C (HepB and HepC), and
  human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), increase the
  risk of some types of cancer
• Cervical cancer,
• oral cancer,
• lymphoma,
• liver cancer
• Kaposis Sarcoma

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common signs and symptoms of cancer

• new thickening or lump in the breast or any other
  part of the body
• Monthly self breast exam
• Clinical breast exam
• Self testicular exam

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common signs and symptoms of head and neck, lung
cancer

• Nagging cough or hoarseness
• Unhealing mouth sore
• Persistent sore throat
• Nose bleed
• Chest pain
• Cough up blood
• Short of breath

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common signs and symptoms of GI or GU cancer

• changes in bowel or bladder habits
• Tarry stool
• Fresh blood in stool or urine
• Lost of bowel or bladder control
• Urination problem

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common signs and symptoms of cancer

• persistent indigestion or difficulty swallowing
• bloating feeling
• New lump or nodules
• Night sweat

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common signs and symptoms of cancer

• unexplained changes in weight
• Lost appetite

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common signs and symptoms of cancer

• unusual bleeding or discharge

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Why is cancer screening important? 

• Treatment is often more effective when cancer is
  detected early. Screening exams, such as
• Sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy or the fecal occult
  blood test,
• mammography,
• Pap test,
• PSA
• can detect precancerous conditions, which can be
  treated before they turn into invasive cancer.

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SOMC Cancer Screening

• Breast Cancer
• Prostate Cancer
• Skin Cancer
• Lung for life

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Conclusion Live long and be joyous

• The most effective treatment and prevention for
  many illness is life style change.
• Dont smoke,
• eat healthy,
• exercise,
• weight control,
• modesty for alcohol,
• less sun exposure,
• avoid harmful ray/chemical,
• avoid STD,
• consider HPV vaccine