Advancing the quality of life through healthy cities

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World Health Organization
Advancing the quality of life through healthy
cities
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Economy
URBANIZATION
Population
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Rural
Urban
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Urban Population growth
Saudi Arabia
Libya
Sudan
Afghanistan
High and Low Income Countries
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Table Renewable Water Resources in EM Region
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Health Determinants in an urban setting
Social Environment Life-style
Genetic Predisposition
Economic Opportunities
Physical Environment
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Health of urban groups in EMR countries
Low income
Middle income
High income

• Diseases of affluence
• Diabetes
• Obesity
• Hypertension
• Cancer,
• Cardiovascular

• Communicable diseases
• High infant mortality
• Malnutrition
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Cancer
• Drug abuse
• Accidents, violence,
• AIDS and other STDs.

Combination of the two
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Health, Poverty and EnvironmentCommunity Based
Initiatives in EMR

• Healthy Cities Programme
• Healthy Villages Programme
• Basic Development Needs
• Women in Health and Development

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THE AIMS OF HEALTHY CITIES INITIATIVE IN EMR
Improve health services
Improve environmental services
Make people partners
Alleviate urban poor health
Put health at Center of city social and political
agenda.
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Partnerships for Health and Environment
Environments
Health Supporting Environment
Environmentally Supporting Behavior
Health
Poverty Reduction
Healthy Life-style
Health Services
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WATER SUPPLY
SANITATION
HEALTHY CITY COMPONENTS
HOUSING/AIR POLLUTION
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
HEALTH SOCIAL SERVICES
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ADMINSTRATION/GOVERNANC OF HEALTHY CITIES
PROGRAMMES

• The Coordinating Committee with the help of the
  Support Group to develop Healthy Cities projects
  and plan of action including preparation of city
  health plan.
• The major role of the Coordinating Committee is
  to ensure Healthy Cities Action covers all
  aspects of health and environment of the city.
• The Coordinating Committees other essential
  role is mobilization of resources for project
  from city, government and if needed external
  resources

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ADMINSTRATION/GOVERNANC OF HEALTHY CITIES
PROGRAMMES

• Healthy city projects, primarily, are low
  investment support activities.
• They aim to make the implementation of existing
  projects more efficient and better.
• They assist in creating linkages between
  concerned city and national authorities,
  facilitating community participation, raising
  awareness and fostering partnership.

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Projects Profile
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REGIONAL STATUS
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COMMUNITY-BASED INITIATIVE IN EMR
BDN
Healthy Cities
Healthy Villages
Women in Development
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MAKING THE DIFFERENCE
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CBI in Pakistan (Quetta)Percentage Increase in
Immunization Coverage
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CBI in Pakistan (Quetta) Percentage Increase in
Enrollment of School Children
Boys (6-14 years)
Girls (6-14 years)
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Lessons / Challenges

• Political support at the highest level is
  critical
• and essential
• Insufficient financial allocations from the
• local and national resources
• Inadequate response and participation from
• different municipal departments and public
• sector agencies
• Conti

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Lessons / Challenges

• Difficulties in establishing productive
  partnerships with NGOs, academic institutions
  and other civil society organizations and
• Scarcity of effective advocacy and promotional
  tools and materials including case studies.

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• Conclusions
• Health development in urban areas involves health
  services, environment, economy and population
  growth.
• The "healthy city" concept provides a good
  opportunity to address the health determinants of
  health in an integrated and holistic manner.

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What is a healthy City?

• People live longer and healthier lives if they
  eat well, are well housed, are secure from war,
  crime, and domestic violence, are not deranged by
  drugs or alcohol, if they have plenty of clean
  water for drinking and washing, if they breathe
  clean air, if their sewage is collected and
  properly disposed, they have access to basic
  vaccines and antibiotics, if they can exercise
  some sense of choice in their lives, and if they
  have friends and family to give life meaning. The
  health of a community depends upon how many
  children people have, at what age and in what
  kind of families, what dynamics exist inside
  their homes, how much money and education they
  have.

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Background
The international Healthy Cities movement was
first conceived in Canada in 1984 as a result of
the Healthy Toronto 2000 Beyond Health Care
symposium, and was launched in Europe in 1986 by
the World Health Organization (WHO). The movement
has since spread across the globe and now
involves more than 3,000 municipalities.
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Eastern Mediterranean Region
European Region
EUR
EMR
Healthy Cities Global Networks
AFR
Pan American Region
PA
African Region
WP
SEA
Western Pacific
South East Asian Region
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Healthy Cities Concept and Programme in The
Eastern Mediterranean Region
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Objective

• Improve the health and quality of life of the
  citizens.

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Sub Objectives

• Enhance awareness of health and environmental
  issues in urban development efforts.
• Mobilize community participation and political
  support to prepare and implement municipal
  (city-wide or local) health and environment
  actions and projects, ideally and whenever
  feasible, through the development of a systematic
  city health and environment plan.
• Increase capacity of the municipal government to
  manage urban problems using participatory
  approaches.

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Social Environment
Physical Environment
Spiritual Environment
The Environments that affect Health in a City
Setting
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The strategic priorities in EMR

• Attention to equity, social determinants of
  health and poverty, environmental improvement,
  healthy spatial planning in cities, care issues,
  accountability for health, broad social
  partnerships for health, cooperation between the
  national and local levels, accidents and
  violence, young people and lifestyles, elderly
  people and social support and strengthening
  public health capacity and practice at the local
  level.
• Attention to women and children health needs and
  quality of life.

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Legends
Active Healthy Cities Projects
Non Active HC Projects
Planned HC Projects
Healthy Village Projects
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Examples of the type of HC projects in countries
of EMR
Healthy Schools
Income generation art works
Vocational training and creation of business for
unemployed youth
Health education and promotion for prevention of
CVD
Promotion of healthy diet
Establishment of women health and social
volunteers
Creation of health, sport, art, and community
education complex
Pollution control, water supply, sanitation and
hygiene education
Support for solid wastes management and food
safety
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Examples of the type of HC projects in countries
of EMR
Healthy hospital
Care of the elderly
Prevention of road traffic accidents
Water conservation
Community mental health care
Establishment of a workshop park
Creation of green areas
ETC.
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Quality of life and urbanization in EMR

• Environmental Factors
• Water
• Wastewater
• Solid Wastes
• Air pollution
• Housing

• Impact on health
• Diet and stress related problems
• hypertension
• diabetes
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Cancer
• Tobacco smoking

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Strategies/approaches

• Develops strong promotional process
• Promotes the needs of women and children.
• Promote care of elderly
• Strengthens health and environment institutions.
• Encourages/establishes networking.
• Mobilizes NGOs, Universities, etc...
• Mobilizes resources.
• Creates links between related health programmes.

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HC/HVP in Iran

• Model Project was started in 1992 south of Tehran
• Establishment of National Coordination Council
  of Healthy Cities Project Announced by council
  of ministers April 15,1996

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Coordination council of HCP included Ten
ministers of four Head of Organization

• Ministry of Power
• Ministry of Agricultural Jihad
• Ministry of Interior
• Planning Management Organization
• Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting
• Department of Environment
• State Welfare Organization
• Municipality of Tehran

• Ministry of Health Medical Education
• Ministry of Post, Telegraph Telephone
• Ministry of Culture Islamic guidance
• Ministry of Labour Social Affairs
• Ministry of Housing Urban Development
• Ministry of Education
• Ministry of Mining Industries

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The Status of Healthy City-Healthy Village
Projects the I.R.IRAN
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Continue
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Continue
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HC/HV Program in Saveh

• Saveh HC has many projects such as
• Sport complex for women
• Shooting gallery
• Expansion of green areas (olive trees around the
  city)
• Biogas laboratory
• Sewage treatment plant

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HC in Saveh (shooting gallery)
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HCP in Saveh (biogas lab)
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HCP in Saveh (expansion of green area)
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HC in Saveh (sewage treatment plant)
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HC in South of Tehran(sport complex)
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HC South of TehranHorticultural center
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HCP in South of Tehran(Local Kitchen, Women
Cooperative)
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HCP in South of Tehran(students as promoters of
health)