Ch 25 Sec 1 The Conservative Tide

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Ch 25 Sec 1 - The Conservative Tide
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Essential Questions

• What were the reasons for the resurgence of
  conservative values?
• What were the major goals of the New Right?
• How did Reagan and Bush emerge as conservative
  leaders?

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Goals of the Conservative Movement

• Shrink the size of the Federal Government and
  reduce spending
• Promote family values and patriotic ideas
• Stimulate business by reducing government
  regulations and lowering taxes
• Strengthen the national defense

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The New Right

• Pro- Life
• School Prayer
• Anti-Affirmative Action/Reverse Discrimination
• Blocked the ERA
• Personal Responsibility

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The Conservative Coalition

• An Alliance of
• Business Leaders
• Middle class voters
• Disaffected Democrats
• Fundamentalist Christian Groups/Evangelical
  Christians

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The Moral Majority

• Televangelist Preachers

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Ronald Reagan

• Pres. Screen Actors Guild/ Friendly Witness
  (HUAC)
• Elected CA Governor 1966
• Election of 1980 elected Pres
• Attempted Assassination 1981
• Re-Elected in 1984 in a landslide

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Ch 25 Section 2 Conservative Policies under
Reagan and Bush
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Essential Questions

• What was Reaganomics?
• What changes occurred on the Supreme Court?
• What were the results of deregulation in the
  Savings and Loan industry?
• Who supported Conservatives Reagan and Bush in
  the 1984 and 1988 elections?

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Reaganomics Takes Over

• Reagan wanted to reduce the size and influence of
  the Federal Government
• Deep Cuts in Social Programs Urban Mass
  Transit, Food Stamps, welfare benefits,
  job-training, Medicaid, school lunches and
  student loans.
• Supply-side economics Tax cuts by 25 , money
  saved would be reinvested to improve business and
  productivity, lowering price.
• Increased Defense Spending MX Missile, B-1
  Bomber, and SDI (Strategic Defense Initiative)

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Recession, Recovery, and the National Debt

• Severe Recession July 1981- Nov. 1982
• Tax Cuts and the 1983 Consumer Spending Spree
  sparked the economy
• Stocks surged, unemployment declined, and GNP
  went up 10.
• ( Stocks crash 1987 then rebounded)
• Federal Spending still exceeded Federal revenue
  due to the tax cuts. By 1984 the National Debt
  almost doubled.

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Conservative Supreme Court

• Sandra Day OConnor, Antonin Scalia, Anthony M.
  Kennedy, Clarence Thomas, and a new Chief Justice
  William Rehnquist

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Deregulating the Economy

• Deregulation The cutting back of Federal
  regulation of industry.
• ( Increased competition and resulted in lower
  prices for consumers) Savings and Loan Scandal
• Budget Cuts for the EPA resulted in more mining,
  logging of forests and more oil and gas drilling.
  Environmental risk?

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Conservative Coalition 1984/88

• Businesspeople wanted a deregulated econ.
• Southerners Welcomed limits of Federal Power
  Fundamentalist Christian Groups
• Westerners resented federal controls on mining
  and grazing
• Reagan Democrats- agreed with limited gov. and
  felt the Democratic party had drifted too far
  left.

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Election of 1984

• Reagan (R) vs. Walter Mondale (D) VP under Carter
• Landslide for Reagan
• Geraldine Ferraro of NY Mondales VP candidate
  was the first women on a major partys
  Presidential ticket.

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Election of 1988

• George HW Bush (R) vs. Michael Dukakis ( D)
• Moral Majority, comfortable economy, no reason to
  change.
• Bush Read my Lips no new Taxes!

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Ch 25 Sec 3 Social Concerns 1980s

• AIDS
• Drug Abuse
• Abortion
• Education

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Essential Questions

• What were the national concerns about education,
  drug use, health issues and urban problems?
• What political, economic, and social gains were
  achieved by women?
• How did conservative policies affect minority
  groups?

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Health Issues 1980s

• AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
• Abortion Roe v Wade 1973
• Pro-life
• Pro-choice
• Webster v Reproductive Health Care Services
• (States had the right to impose restrictions on
  abortion.)

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Drug Abuse

• War on Drugs
• Nancy Reagans anti- drug campaign
• Just Say no! to drugs
• This is your brain on drugs.

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Education 1980s

• A Federal Commission issued a report in 1983
  called A Nation at Risk
• 23 million Americans could fill out a job
  application or follow an instruction manual
• School Vouchers were introduced America 2000

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Urban Crisis

• Flight to the suburbs hurt the inner city
• High Unemployment
• Homelessness
• Crumbling Infrastructure
• Lack of health services
• Deteriorating Schools
• Drugs (Crack)
• Gangs (Crips Bloods)

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LA Riots 1992

• Rodney King was beaten by four white police
  officers after a car chase
• Officers were found not guilty
• South Central rioted for five days, 53 killed

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Equal Rights 1980s

• ERA failed ratification in 1982
• 47 women were elected to the HOR in 1992
• 6 women in the US Senate
• 2 women in Reagans cabinet
• Pay Equality was fought for by womens
  organizations

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Fight for Rights

• African American Mayors of many big cities
• (Ex. Philadelphia Mayor Wilson Goode)
• 1992 L. Douglas Wilder became the Governor of VA
• Jesse Jackson ran for President in 1984 and 1988

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Gains for Latinos

• 1988 Lauro Cavazos was appointed Sec. of Ed.
• 1990 Dr. Antonia Coello Novello was appointed
  Surgeon General

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Native Americans Speak Out

• Aid was slashed to Native Americans for health,
  education and other services
• Native American campaigned for gambling casinos
  as a source of revenue

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Asian American Population

• They were the second fastest growing minority
  population in the US
• By 1992 the Asian American Population was 8.3
  million.

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Advances in Gay Rights

• In the 1980s gay rights groups fought for civil
  rights
• Direct Action groups called for an end to
  anti-gay discrimination.
• By 1993, 7 states and 110 communities outlawed
  anti-gay discrimination

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Ch 25 Sec. 4 Foreign Policy After the Cold War
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Essential Questions

• What changed in the Communist world that ended
  the Cold War?
• What did the US do to influence Central American
  and Caribbean affairs?
• What was the Iran-Contra Scandal?
• How and Why was the US involved in the Persian
  Gulf War?

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The Cold War Ends

• March 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev became General
  Secretary of the USSR
• Glasnost Openness
• Criticism of the USSR
• Freedom of the Press
• Perestrokia Restructuring of The Soviet Economy

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Relations with the US

• Summits with President Reagan
• INF Treaty Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces
  Treaty)
• Eliminated two classes of weapon and allowed on
  site inspections

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Decline of the USSR

• In Dec. 1991 14 republics declared independence
  from the USSR
• Gorbachev lost power , the USSR ended
• CIS (Common Wealth of Independent States) was
  established
• Boris Yeltsin new leader of Russia, START II
• signed

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Collapse of Communisim

• Nov. 9th , 1989 East Germany opened the Berlin
  Wall
• Oct., 1990 Germany united
• Czechoslovakia divided, Latvia, Estonia, and
  Lithuania became independent
• Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania transitioned from
  communism
• Yugoslavia collapsed, igniting a brutal war among
  Muslims, Orthodox Serbs, and Catholic Croats

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Tiananmen Square

• Student in China demanded freedom of speech and a
  voice in gov.
• April 1989, Students held marches in Beijing and
  other cities
• The PLA under the order of Li Peng crushed the
  protestors

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Nicaragua

• US Marines left in 1933, but left a dictator
  Anastasio Somoza in power
• Between 1977-79 The Sandinistas take control
• Reagan viewed the Sandinistas as a communist
  threat
• The US supported the Contras with CIA training
  and weapons
• The Boland Amendment banned aid to the Contras
  for two years

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Grenada

• In 1983 Reagan sent in 2,000 US Marines to
  overthrow a Pro-Cuban government and rescue US
  citizens
• 18 US solders were killed

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Panama

• In 1989 Pres. Bush sent 20,000 soilders to
  overthrow and arrest General Manuel Noriega on
  charges of international drug-trafficking

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Iran-Contra Scandal

• In 1985 seven Americans were taken hostage in
  Lebanon by Pro- Iranian group
• President Reagan approved the sale of arms to
  Iran in exchange for the hostages release
• National Security Council Aid Colonel Oliver
  North had diverted millions in profits from the
  arms sale to the Anti- communist Contras fighting
  in Nicaragua

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The Persian Gulf War

• On Aug. 2nd, 1990 Iraq led by Saddam Hussein
  invaded the oil rich nation of Kuwait
• Saddam then looked to Saudi Arabia
• Pres. Bush organized an international coalition
  and with the support of the UN and Congress
  launched Operation Desert Storm
• On Jan 16th, 1991 the air war began, in February
  the ground war began
• Kuwait was liberated, Iraq was weakened
• Less than 400 American casualties, but Gulf War
  Syndrome?

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