The 1970s were difficult times in America

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• The 1970s were difficult times in America
• The oil crisis
• The economy is weak
• The outcome of the Vietnam War
• Marxist regimes in Nicaragua El Salvador
• The Soviets invasion of Afghanistan.
• The Iranian Hostage Crisis Carters failed
  rescue
• As a result of Carters policies the American
  military had low morale, low pay outdated
  equipment Key military personnel were not
  re-enlisting

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The Conservative Tide
Conservatism Ronald Reagan Bush H.W.
Bush 1981-1989 1989-1993
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Ronald Reagan

• Movie star. President of the Screen Actors Guild
• 1966 Elected Governor of CA
• 1980 Elected President
• 1981 Attempted assassination
• 1984 Re-elected Landslide victory

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• The Conservative Movement in The U.S...
• Reduce the size of the Government
• Reduce government spending
• Reduce government regulations to stimulate
  business
• Lower taxes
• Strengthen the national defense
• Promote family values patriotic ideas

• Supported by the New Right
• Pro- Life
• School Prayer
• Anti-Affirmative Action
• Personal Responsibility

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The 1980 Election Reagan vs. Carter

• The major campaign issues
• The Iranian Hostage crisis
• The weak economy

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1984 Ronald Reagan vs. Walter Mondale

• Reagan landslide
• Geraldine Ferraro was Mondales VP The first
  women on a major partys Presidential ticket.

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What was Reaganomics?

• Commonly associated with supply-side economics
  or trickle-down economics.
• The four pillars of Reagan's economic policy
  were
• Reduce the size of government
• Reduce government spending
• Reduce taxes
• Reduce government regulation
• Reduce inflation

Reagans First Inaugural address Government is
not the solution to our problem government is
the problem.
Drastic cuts in social programs Welfare
Job-training Medicaid School lunches Student
loans.
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Recession, Recovery the National Debt

• Tax Cuts consumer spending spark the economy
• Stocks surged, unemployment declined GNP went
  up 10.
• Major stock market crash in1987 The market
  rebounds
• Federal spending still exceeded Federal revenue
  due to the tax cuts.
• By 1984 the national debt doubles under Reagan

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Deregulation

• Reagan cut back on the regulation of industry
• Deregulation increased business competition
  lower prices for consumers
• Reagan cuts Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
  fundingMore mining, logging, oil gas drilling
  Potential environmental risk?
• Deregulation of the Savings Loan Banks

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Urban Crisis in the 1980s...

• High Unemployment
• Homelessness
• Crumbling Infrastructure
• Lack of health services
• Deteriorating Schools
• Drugs (Crack)
• A surge in gangs and gang violence

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Social Issues of 1980s

• AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
• Drugs
• The abortion issue Roe v. Wade 1973Over turn
  the Roe decision...Pro-life vs. Pro-choice
• The War on Drugs Nancy Reagans anti- drug
  campaign Just Say no! to drugs This is your
  brain on drugs.

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Education 1980s

• A Federal Commission issued a report in 1983
  called
• A Nation at Risk
• 23 million Americans cant fill out a job
  application or follow an instruction manual

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1983 The evil empire.

• In a speech Reagan refers to the USSR as the
  evil empire
• Reagan sought to exceed the SU's military power.
• Reagan predicted this would be the final pages
  of the history of the S.U.
• Reagan angered Soviet leaders escalated the
  Cold War.

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Cold war victory through strength
Reagan begins the largest peace build up of the
military in history.

• Reagan begins a massive military build up to wear
  down the Soviets
• Revived the B-1 bomber program, (canceled by the
  Carter)
• Deploys the Peacekeeper missile
• NATO deploys the Pershing II missile in West
  Germany
• Reagan expanded the U.S. military budget to a
  staggering 43 increase over the height of the
  Vietnam war.

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1983 Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) AKA
Star Wars

• A plan to develop a space-based missile defense
  program that could defend a nuclear attack.
• If successful, could destroy the Soviet ability
  to make a first strike.
• An arms race... The Soviets wanted to keep pace
  with the US, but they couldn't afford to the
  game.
• It was unrealistic?...Dependent on not yet
  developed space-based laser systems.
• Reagan beat the Soviets economically... The cost
  of the arms race damages the Soviet economy...
  Soviet Communism will collapse.

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1983 The Grenada Invasion

• Reagan sends 2,000 US Marines to overthrow a
• Pro-Cuban government rescue US citizens
• 18 US soldiers were killed

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1977-1979 Nicaragua

• The Sandinistas (Communists) take control on
  Nicaragua ...This was the Contra War (1981-89)
• This was a Cold War confrontation between the US
  Soviets
• Reagan viewed the Sandinistas as a regional
  threat
• The US supported the Contras (Counter
  revolutionaries) with CIA training weapons
• The Congress banned aid to the Contras for two
  years

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1985 Iran-Contra Scandal

• In 1985, 7 Americans were taken hostage in
  Lebanon by Pro- Iranian group
• Reagan approved the sale of arms to Iran in
  exchange for the hostages release
• National Security Council Aid Colonel Oliver
  North diverted millions in profits from the arms
  sale to the Anti- communist Contras fighting in
  Nicaragua

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vNix_vj2DaqQ
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vQikSorPak6M
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1986 US Bombing of Libya

• In response to a 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing
  3 dead, 220 wounded
• Air-strikes against Libya
• Libyan leader, Muammar Gaddafi was a sponsor of
  terrorist acts against the West.

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George H.W. BushRepublican1989-1993
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Background George H.W. Bush

• From a wealthy family with a history of public
  service
• Attends elite private school Yale University
• Decorated Navy pilot in WW II
• Government service
• -House of Representatives Texas
• -Ambassador to UN
• -Chair of RNC
• -Liaison to China
• -Director of CIA
• -Reagan VP 2 terms

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Election of 1988

• Good economy, no reason to change
• Bush Read my Lips no new Taxes!
• Dedicate to Traditional American values

GHW Bush (R) vs. Michael Dukakis ( D)
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Collapse of Communism

• 1985 Gorbachev became General Sec. of the USSR
• The Glasnost period Openness
• -Allows criticism of government
• -Perestrokia Restructuring of The Soviet
  Economy

Mikhail Gorbachev
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1989 East Germany opens the Berlin Wall
Germany is reunited
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1989 Collapse of Communism

• Czechoslovakia divided, Latvia, Estonia
  Lithuania became independent
• Hungary, Bulgaria Romania transition from
  communism
• Yugoslavia collapsed, igniting a brutal war among
  Muslims, Orthodox Serbs Catholic Croats

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1991 The Break-up of the USSR

• 14 republics declare independence
• Common Wealth of Independent States (CIS) was
  established

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1990 Americans with Disabilities Act

• Protects those with disabilities from
  discrimination in public places. The act makes
  American society more accessible to disabled
  Americans.

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1989 The Panama Invasion

• President Bush sends 20K troops to overthrow
  arrest General Manuel Noriega on charges of
  international drug-trafficking

Noriega is trafficking drugs, guns laundering
money.
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1990 The Persian Gulf War

• Saddam Hussein/Iraq invades Kuwait
• Saddam threatens Middle East stability Oil
• President Bush organized an international
  coalition with the support of the UN launched
  Operation Desert Storm
• Kuwait was liberated Iraq was weakened
• 137 Americans KIA. 100K Iraqi KIA