The Roaring Twenties

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The Roaring Twenties

• The beginning of modern culture and the onset of
  the Great Depression

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Signs of Modern Culture

• Modern Inventions
• The Automobile
• Public Radio
• The Airplane
• Popular Culture
• Movies
• Music
• Fashion
• Flappers

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The Automobile

• Henry Ford
• Model T created in 1908
• Invention of assembly lines
• Quick production using conveyor belts
• In 1919 only 6,500,000 cars were registered
• By 1929, 23,000,000 cars were registered

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Model T
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Assembly Line
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Public Radio

• Invented in the 1800s but not mass produced until
  1920s
• Mass media Information spread to the masses
• Between 1920 and 1930, 60 of American families
  purchased radios

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Radio
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The Airplane

• Invented in 1903, but wasnt used regularly until
  the 1920s
• First commercial flights 1919
• Faster mail delivery
• Entertainment

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Movies

• Movie theaters
• 100 Million tickets per week
• Silent films
• Warner Brothers, Paramount, MGM, Fox

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The Jazz Age

• New music
• Jazz
• Ragtime
• Blues
• Swing
• Big band
• The Devils Music
• Performed in speakeasies
• It was different than the norm

Dance Hall Shuffle
Boodle-am Shake
Washboard Wiggles
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Fashion

• Riskier styles in dress and hair
• Focus on glamour

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Flappers
Drinking!
Smoking!
Fashion!
Entertainment!

• Flapper An independent woman eager to explore
  new fashions, entertainment, and fads

Wealth!
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Flappers

• "The flapper symbolized an age anxious to enjoy
  itself, anxious to forget the past, anxious to
  ignore the future."
• "It was during what we might call the Flapper
  period . . . that American popular culture began
  to capture the imagination of the world. . . .
  America was inventing its own modernity. . . .
  "
• "Hip flasks of hooch, jazz, speakeasies, bobbed
  hair, 'the lost generation.' The Twenties are
  endlessly fascinating. It was the first truly
  modern decade and, for better or worse, it
  created the model for society that all the world
  follows today."

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Flappers

• A way of life
• Dress
• Hairstyle
• Music
• Slang
• Bees knees
• Cats meow
• Behavior
• Independence

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What Sparked Change?

• Womens Suffrage
• 19th Amendment
• Women could vote!
• Warren G. Harding
• A return to normalcy
• Pushed isolationism and prosperity
• Lowered taxes
• Pushed business
• Buying on credit
• Borrow money and pay off as you can
• The Installment Plan

Died during his presidency in 1923 his cause of
death is still unconfirmed
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What Sparked Change?

• Calvin Coolidge
• Became president after Harding died
• Laissez-faire economics belief that business,
  when left unregulated by the government, would
  act in ways that would benefit the nation

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What Sparked Change?

• Prior to World War I
• Only 7 of Americans completed high school
• 42 of Americans lived on farms
• By the end of the 20s
• 41 completed high school
• Only 25 lived on farms
• Cities offered better paying jobs, education,
  entertainment, and opportunity
• Americans were able to afford nicer possessions
  and entertainment
• Lower income tax more money to spend

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Culture Clash

• Fundamentalism Believed that every word of the
  Bible was literally true
• Against teaching evolution in school
• Viewed the 20s as a chance to moralize America
• Prohibition The 1920 ban on the manufacture and
  sale of alcohol
• 18th Amendment
• Failed miserably!

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The Scopes Trial

• Creationism v. Darwinism
• Darwinism All species evolved from a previous
  species
• Creationism God created mankind evolution
  didnt happen
• John Scopes taught Darwins theory of Evolution
  illegally, went on trial, and was found guilty

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Prohibition

• The failure of prohibition
• Led to the creation of speakeasies
• Illegal nightclubs that sold alcohol
• Bootleggers Criminals who sold alcohol during
  prohibition
• Speakeasies led to organized crime that still
  exists today
• The number of people who bought alcohol went up
  after it was made illegal

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Speakeasy
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Bootlegger
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Prohibition
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Prohibition
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The End of Prohibition

• In 1933, the 18th amendment was repealed

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Materialism

• People began to place more value on material
  things (entertainment, possessions, etc) rather
  than intellectual or spiritual things
• Loosening of morals
• Modern thinking

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Washing Machine
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Refrigerator
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Clothing, Jewelry and Make-up
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Racial Struggle

• Ku Klux Klan
• Reestablishment of the KKK
• Purpose To unite white male persons,
  native-born, Gentile citizens of the United
  States of America, who owe no allegiance of any
  nature or degree to any foreign government,
  nation, institution, sect, ruler, person, or
  people whose morals are good whose reputations
  and vocations are respectable whose habits are
  exemplary who are of sound minds and eighteen
  years or more of age, under a common oath into a
  brother hood of strict regulations.

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KKK
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Racial Struggles

• Marcus Garvey
• African American who gave up on the United States
• Believed African Americans should form their own
  nation in Africa

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The Harlem Renaissance

• The Harlem Renaissance
• Began in Harlem, New York
• African American businessman Philip Payton Jr.
  purchased dozens of the many buildings and sold
  them to African Americans
• Became the center of African American culture
• Writers, musicians, painters, and scholars
• Helped the National Association for the
  Advancement of Colored people (NAACP) enforce
  civil rights for African Americans

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Harlem Renaissance
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Sacco and Vanzetti Trial

• Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
• Anarchists Anti-government (no govt.)
• Put on trial for murder
• Despite a lack of evidence, the verdict was
• GUILTY
• They were executed