Richard the Lionheart

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Richard The Lionheart
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Who is Richard the Lionheart?
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Who is Richard the Lionheart?

• Richard I also known as Richard the Lionheart
  (named for his bravery and strength) was born on
  September 8th, 1157 in Oxford, England.
• He was born to Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry II
  of England.
• Richard first commanded an army when he was 16,
  where he defeated the rebellions in Poitou,
  France.
• Richard was the senior commander of the third
  crusade.

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How Did Richard The Lionheart Prepare for the
Crusades?
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How Did Richard The Lionheart Prepare for the
Crusades?

• In the year of 1188, Saladin had recaptured
  Jerusalem from the Christians.
• When Richard became king in 1189 he immediately
  began raising funds for the crusades.
• He raised a strong crusader army by spending most
  of the royal treasury, raised the taxes, and also
  freed King William I of Scotland for 10,000
  marks.
• Richard had raised an army of 100,000 soldiers
  and 20,000 knights, Some historians think this is
  an exaggeration and it was only 20,000 soldiers
  and 5,000 knights.

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Richard The Lionheart also said, while preparing
for the crusades,

• I would have sold London if I could have found
  a buyer.

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Richard The Lionhearts Trip to The Crusades.
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Richard The Lionhearts Trip to The Crusades

• Richard set off to the Holy Land in July, 1190
• They stopped in Sicily to rest, but the main
  reason was for Richard to free his sister, Joan
  from the new King of Sicily, King Tancred.
• Three days after Richard left Sicily there was a
  terrible storm, after it 25 ships were missing.
• Some of the ships were plundered and the crew
  imprisoned by Isaac Ducas of Cyprus
• Richard then invaded the island to free the
  prisoners and return the stolen goods.
• Isaac Surrendered, and Richard conquered Cyprus

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Richard The Lionheart in The Holy Land
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Richard The Lionheart in The Holy Land

• Immediately after he arrived he joined the Siege
  of Acre.
• After a few weeks of his arrival in the siege,
  Acre immediately fell in his hands.
• He had killed all the 2,700 people who had
  surrendered and sliced open there stomachs to see
  if they swallowed any gems or gold inside.

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Richard theLionheart in The Holy Land Part Two

• Richard skillfully beat Saladin in the battle of
  Arsuf, but despite this battle he was never
  really able to have a major advantage over
  Saladin. So he started raiding caravans and
  blocking trade routes to Saladin's empire but
  this also never really pressed Saladin.
• Richard the Lionheart decided he should marry,
  his favorite sister Joan to Al Adil the brother
  of Saladin, but he refused.
• Richard thought it was impossible for him to
  capture Jerusalem, and if he did capture it would
  be very hard for him to defend it.
• So instead of capturing Jerusalem, Richard
  decided he should create a peace treaty with
  Saladin to allow the Christians who want to go to
  pilgrimage to go there in peace.

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King Richard The Lionheart Final Years
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King Richard The Lionhearts Final Years

• While Richard was returning from the holy land he
  was captured by Leopold V Duke of Austria.
• Leopold V was then Excommunicated by Pope
  Celestine III
• He was held in the German castle of Durnstein
• Richards mother Eleanor of Aquitane ransomed him
  for 150,000 marks.
• Richard the Lionheart died on April 6th, 1199.
• Even though the Cross bolt that came in his arm
  was treated, it later got infected and Richard
  died from Gangrene.

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Richard the Lionhearts Greatest Achievement and
its effects

• I think King Richard the Lionhearts greatest
  achievment was being senior commander of the
  crusades. This achievment brought many things to
  europe, like the rise of the middle class, and
  the improvement in the connection to the outside
  world. without the crusades today I think europe
  would still be living in the dark ages.

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Interesting Facts
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Interesting Facts

• During Richards Reign of England he only spent
  six months in England.
• Richard could only speak little or no English.
• His brother John was featured in the story of
  Robin Hood, as a Villain. Even though he was a
  much better king who spent the taxes on improving
  the country, not like his brother Richard who
  spends it on Crusades, Castles, and other wars.
• Richard died at the very young age of 41.

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Thank Thou For Watching
By Youssif Osama Salama 9E
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Sources

• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_I_of_England
  Crusade_plans
• http//www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/plantagenet_2.htm
  
• http//historymedren.about.com/od/richardthelionhe
  art/a/bio_richardlion.htm
• http//www.middle-ages.org.uk/timeline-of-king-ric
  hard-the-lionheart.htm