REPUBLICANS

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REPUBLICANS
GOP
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I. Republican Party

• Established as a result of the Kansas-Nebraska
  Act (Popular Sovereignty Stephen Douglas).
• Only a party of the North.

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C. Republican Party Platform

• Homestead Act If you move to the West and
  develop the land, it is yours for free OR at
  least really cheap.

• High protective tariff and liberal immigration
  Cheap labor
• Continental railroad to link in Chicago, IL.
  North
• Keep slavery out of the territories.

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4. Keep slavery out of the territories

• Bleeding Kansas violent fighting between pro-
  and anti- slavery people.
• Border Ruffians pro-slavery radicals that sac
  Lawrence, KS.

• John Brown abolitionist and sons killed five
  pro-slavery men in KS.

LAWRENCE
Border Ruffians
Brown
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4. Keep slavery out of the territories

• Senator Sumner beaten by Congressman Preston
  Brooks with a cane for making an anti-slavery
  speech in the Senate. Sumner was almost killed
  and took three years to fully recover.
• Loss of national unity.

Brooks
Sumner
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1856 James Buchanan (Doughface) becomes U.S.
President
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• The Dred Scott Case (1857) Dred Scott was a
  slave of a army officer.

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The Dred Scott Case (1857)

• Scott, a slave of an army officer, was taken to
  IL. Northwest Ordinance No Slavery
• Scott was taken north of the 36 30 line in the
  Louisiana Territory. Missouri Compromise of 1820
  No slavery
• Scott sues in Missouri courts for his freedom
  because he was taken to a free territory and
  state and won.

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USSC Decision and Reasoning

• Scott cannot sue, because slaves are chattel and
  not citizens. Court should have said no more,
  Scott has no standing CASE
  CLOSED
• Congress has no power to forbid citizens of
  property.
• Kansas-Nebraska Act is unconstitutional.
  Territories must first become a state to decide
  the slavery issue in their state constitution.

Taney
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Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)

• for Senator of Illinois

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Abraham Lincoln (Republican)

• Lincoln attacks Douglas idea of popular
  sovereignty, because it was ruled
  unconstitutional.
• Calls for a constitutional amendment to stop the
  spread of slavery.
  Lincoln does not call for the abolition of
  slavery.
• Calls Douglas a
• SLAVOCRAT

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Stephen Douglas (Democrats)

• Freeport Doctrine Popular sovereignty still
  works, because the territorial legislature could
  pass anti-slavery laws and let vslave owners sue,
  which will take years to reach the USSC.

Freeport
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• John Brown raids the U.S. arsenal at Harpers
  Ferry, Virginia (1859) to start a nation wide
  slave rebellion. It failed.

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MARTYR
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Brown's Final Note
"I, John Brown, am quite certain that
the crimes of this guilty land will never be
purged away but with Blood. I had as I now think
vainly flattered myself that without very much
bloodshed it might be done."
http//www.ericfoner.com/
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Election of 1860

• The North would have three-fourth of the states
  the North could pass a Constitutional amendment
  against the spread of slavery.
• Democratic Party splits
• Northern (Moderates and Doughfaces)
• Southern (Fire Eaters)

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Presidential Candidates

• Stephen Douglas IL (Northern Democrat)
• Popular Sovereignty
• Freeport Doctrine

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• John Breckinridge KY (Southern Democrat)
  Federal law to protect slavery in the
  territories.

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• John Bell - TN (Constitutional Union Party) Have
  a wait and see cool down period on the slavery
  issue. Use Constitutional Diplomacy

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• Abraham Lincoln IL (Republican)
• No expansion of slavery into the territories.
• He is not an abolitionist.

• NOTE The South threatens to secede, if Lincoln
  wins.

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ELECTION of 1860 RESULTS
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• Abraham Lincoln wins!

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1860 Presidential Election Results

• Bell took votes from Douglas in the North.
• Breckinridge won the South.
• Lincoln won in the North and West.

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Secession

• December 20, 1860 SC secedes
• January 1861 six more states secede.

• SC, MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, and TX
• NOTE The seven seceding states take over
  military installations and federal offices.

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• KY , VA, NC Will remain with the Union only
  if force is not used against the seven seceding
  states.

VA
KY
NC