Animation

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Animation
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Animation

• Illusion of motion created by consecutive display
  of static elements
• Persistence of Vision

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Framerates

• CRTs 75Hz
• LCDs 60Hz
• Video 50/60Hz
• Movie 24Hz
• Cartoons 12Hz

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Types of Animation

• Scripted
• Procedural
• Performance Driven/Motion Captured

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Key Frame Animation

• KEY frames drawn by lead artist
• In-betweening frames filled in
• In Computer Animation
• automatic in-betweening
• Reuse of model data.

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Interpolation

• In CG Animation, in-betweening is done by
  interpolation

Keyframe 2
Keyframe 1
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Interpolation

• Simplest type of interpolation is Linear
  Interpolation

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Interpolation

• Simplest type of interpolation is Linear
  Interpolation

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Interpolation

• Piece-wise Linear Interpolation

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Interpolation

• Piece-wise Linear Interpolation

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Interpolation

• Spline Interpolation

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Interpolation

• Spline Interpolation

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Rigid Body Animation

• Translations/Rotations applied to Model
• Can also extend to other transforms
• Possibly in 3D

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Rigid Body Animation

• Translations/Rotations applied to Model
• Can also extend to other transforms
• Possibly in 3D

All New
MM112
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Rigid Transformations on 3D
Futurama (1999)
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Articulated Structures

• Rigid Hierarchies

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Skinning

• Underlying skeletal mesh is rigid. Skin moves
  with bones.

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Procedural Animation

• Mathematical Models of Motion
• The change in position and orientation of an
  object (or parts of an object) determined by a
  set of functions/rules.

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Particle Animation

• A form of procedural animation
• Simple rules applied to individual objects
• Collectively can result in useful emergent
  behaviours

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The Genesis Effect - Star Trek II The Wrath of
Khan (1983)
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Behavioural Animation

• Semi-intelligent rules given to control the
  motion of agents
• e.g
• Run away from lions
• Avoid obstacles
• Avoid other wildebeest

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• Walk towards enemy
• Keep away from walls
• Keep away from friends

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Motion capture
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Physically-based Animation

• Rules of Physics used to calculate motion
• Collisions Forces

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Overview of CG animation

• Story

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Overview of CG animation

• Art

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Overview of CG animation

• Recording

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Overview of CG animation

• Modeling

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Overview of CG animation

• Layout

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Overview of CG animation

• Animation

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Overview of CG animation

• Shading

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Overview of CG animation

• Lighting

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Overview of CG animation

• Rendering

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Why CG animation?

• One medium of many
• live action, classical animation, clay, puppets,
  
• 3D has aspects of live film
• Camera, cinematography
• CG has aspects of classical animation
• Stylization, fantasy, scripted motion,
• Accessible
• Computer editing.
• Dont need to act, dont need to draw.
• Need to understand acting, need to understand
  images

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Animation in Max

• Key Frames
• IK
• Motion Curve Editing
• Particles
• Space Warps

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Lab Tasks 07/04/2006 (Optional)

• Animation in MAX
• Implement a rigid body transformation of an
  object moving in a non-linear curved trajectory
  (e.g. bouncing ball or lifting and placing a
  chess piece)
• Implement an animation of a moving camera zooming
  and panning across a 3D scene (e.g. a chess
  board)
• Implement a the robot arm hierarchy and animate
  it
• Other things to try out
• Physically based animations with Reactor
• Particle animations
• Animated Space warps