Nonverbal Function

1
Nonverbal Function 4

• Defining and Maintaining Relationships Messages
  of Power

2
NV Cues and Power

• Power refers to a persons ability to influence
  others, often due to control of resources.
• Power is typically exerted nonverbally via
  multiple channels simultaneously.
• Number of channels used is directly related to
  intensity of power message sent.

3
Power Differences in NV Cues

• Physical appearance
• Formality and expensiveness of clothing
• Use of uniforms
• Height and size
• Kinesics
• Gazing behaviors
• Facial expressions
• Body positions and movements
• Use of gestures

4
Power Differences in NV Cues

• Proxemics
• Interpersonal distance
• Territorial access and use
• Body orientation
• Status by proxemic association
• Haptics
• Frequency and type of touch
• Four touch-power sequences

5
Power Differences in NV Cues

• Vocalics
• Pitch level
• Volume
• Tempo
• Articulation
• Use of silences
• Chronemics
• Control over use of time
• Adherence to time norms
• Time orientation

6
Power Differences in NV Cues

• Artifacts
• Use of power symbols
• Entitlement to power symbols
• Environmental design
• Seating arrangement

7
Key Power Principles

• Power is a relational construct that is dynamic
  in nature.
• Assigned power does not equal actual power.
• Rules of power are relationally based.
• Power is paradoxical.
• Less power exhibited more actual power.