SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES

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SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES
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Sentence

• A sentence is a group of words containing a
  subject and a verb and expressing a complete
  thought
• So, three things are needed for a sentence to be
  complete
• Subject
• Verb
• Expresses a complete thought

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Subject and Predicate

• A sentence consists of two parts the subject and
  the predicate. The subject of the sentence is the
  part about which something is being said. The
  predicate is the part that says something about
  the subject.

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Predicates

• The Simple Predicate and the Complete Predicate
• The predicate of a sentence is the part that says
  something about the subject.
• Its official name is the complete predicate

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Predicates

• Within the complete predicate, there is always a
  word or a word group that is the main part of the
  predicate.
• Presents the key word in completing the statement
  about the subject
• This is called the simple predicate or verb.

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Predicates

• Example
• The students worked very hard throughout the
  entire quarter.
• worked very hard throughout the entire quarter is
  the complete predicate
• worked is the simple predicate

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Predicates

• More difficult example
• Has Richie helped you?
• has helped you is the complete predicate
• has helped is the simple predicate
• The simple predicate consists of the entire verb
  phrase

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Predicates

• Another example
• The student will not fail this class.
• will not fail this class is the complete
  predicate
• will fail is the simple predicate

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Subjects

• The Simple Subject and the Complete Subject
• The subject of a sentence is the part about which
  something is being said
• Its official name is the complete subject

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Subjects

• Within the complete subject, there is always a
  word or a group of words that is the main part of
  the subject.
• It is called the simple subject

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Subjects

• Example
• A student with an impressive work ethic will do
  well in class.
• A student with an impressive work ethic is the
  complete subject
• A student is the simple subject

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How to Find theSubject of a Sentence

• The subject can appear at almost any point in the
  sentence
• The easiest way to find the subject is to find
  the verb first

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How to Find theSubject of a Sentence

• Example
• Gum was placed on the desk
• The verb is was placed
• Ask yourself who or what was placed?
• The answer (gum) is the subject of the sentence

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How to Find theSubject of a Sentence

• More difficult example
• Beyond the classroom door walks an assistant
  principal.
• What is the verb?
• Walks
• Ask yourself who is walking?
• The answer (assistant principal) is the subject
  of the sentence

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How to Find theSubject of a Sentence

• Very Helpful Hint
• The subject is never in a prepositional phrase

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How to Find theSubject of a Sentence

• Example
• One of my friends plays on the team.
• What is the verb?
• Plays
• Ask yourself who is doing the playing?
• Friends?

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How to Find theSubject of a Sentence

• Not correctfriends functions as the object of
  the prepositional phrase (remember, a
  prepositional phrase is made up of the
  preposition, any modifiers and the noun or
  pronoun which functions as the object of the
  prepositional phrase)
• The correct subject of the sentence is One

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The Subject in an Unusual Position

• Sentences beginning with There or Here
• When the word there or here comes at the
  beginning of a sentence, it may appear to be the
  subject, but it is not.
• Remember to ask yourself who or what is doing the
  action

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The Subject in anUnusual Position

• Example
• There are two desks in the classroom.
• The verb is are
• Ask yourself who or what are?
• The answer desks
• The subject of the sentence is desks

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The Subject in anUnusual Position

• Sentences that ask a question
• Questions usually begin with a verb
• Also, they frequently begin with words like what,
  when, where, how and why.
• The subject usually follows the verb

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The Subject in anUnusual Position

• Examples
• Why is he running?
• The subject is he
• How do you feel?
• The subject is you

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The Subject in anUnusual Position

• When questions begin with a helping verb, the
  subject always comes between the helping verb and
  the main verb.
• Remember to find the verb and ask who or what is
  doing the verb

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The Subject in anUnusual Position

• Example
• Were the students late?
• The subject is students
• Helpful Hint You can turn questions into
  statements in order to help you find the subject
• The students were late.

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Sentences in Which theSubject is Understood

• In requests and commands, the subject is usually
  left out of the sentence.
• The subject of a command or request is you
• Understood but not expressed

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Sentences in Which theSubject is Understood

• Example
• Clean up this room!
• The verb is clean
• Who is doing the cleaning?
• The subject is you
• A subject of this kind is said to be understood.

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Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs

• Compound Subject
• Two or more subjects connected by and or or and
  having the same verb are called a compound subject

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Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs

• Example
• The boy and the girl studied for the test.
• The verb is studied
• Who studied?
• The subject is boy and girl
• Compound subject

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Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs

• Compound Verb
• Two or more verbs joined by a connecting word and
  having the same subject are called a compound verb

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Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs

• Example
• The students talked and whispered during class.
• The verbs are talked and whispered
• Who talked and whispered?
• The subject is students
• talked and whispered are called a compound verb

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Assignment

• Please rewrite the following sentences. Underline
  the simple subject once and the simple predicate
  twice.

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Assignment

• There were eight students in class.
• My mom and dad enjoy driving across country.
• The student studied for the test.
• When should we go to the restaurant?
• Pick up your clothes.

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Assignment

• 6. An article about the new plans for downtown
  was published in the newspaper.
• 7. He bought a broken C.D. player and installed
  it in his car.
• 8. During the summer months, many children
  participate in the summer reading program.

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Assignment

• 9. Here are the missing pieces to the puzzle.
• 10. Only one of many students loudly proclaimed
  his protest to the cafeterias lunch menu.