The Digestive System

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The Digestive System
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Food Pathways

• Mouth
• Pharynx
• Epiglottis
• Esophagus
• Cardiac Sphincter
• Stomach
• Pyloric Sphincter
• Small intestine
• Pancreas

• Liver
• Gallbladder
• Large Intestine

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Peristalsis
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The Mouth

• Chewing
• Surface Area
• Salivary Glands
• Amylase
• Pharynx

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The Mouth and Pharynx
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Esophagus and Stomach

• Peristalsis
• Cardiac Sphincter
• Stomach Acid
• Pepsin
• Gastric Juice

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Esophagus and Stomach
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The Small Intestine

• 3 sections
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum
• Duodenum
• Chyme
• Pancreatic duct
• Pancreas
• Alkaline fluid
• Digestive enzymes

• Pancreatic amylase
• Trypsin
• Peptidases
• Lipase
• Bile duct
• Liver
• Bile
• Gallbladder

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Functions of the Small Intestine

• Most digestion
• Most absorption of nutrients into the blood
• Structural adaptations
• Very long
• Villi and microvilli
• Capillaries
• lacteals

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The Accessory Organs

• Liver
• Secretes Bile
• Makes plasma proteins
• Destroys old red blood cells
• Stores glycogen
• Produces urea
• Role of the hepatic portal vein.
• Gallbladder
• Stores bile

• Pancreas
• Produces digestive enzymes and an alkaline fluid.
• Produces insulin
• Produces glucagon
• Islets of Langerhans

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Large Intestine

• Absorbs water
• Houses bacterial flora.
• Vitamins such as Vitamin K are synthesized.
• Appendix
• Appendicitis
• Formation of wastes

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