Digestive System

1
Digestive System

• Aids with what life function?

2
Mouth

• The first part of the digestive system where food
  is ingested and taken into the body.
• Mechanical digestion begins here. You begin to
  chew your food and break it down.
• Chemical digestion also begins here. Food is
  mixed with saliva that has enzymes that begin to
  digest carbohydrates.

3
Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
1 Mouth
4
Esophagus

• Long tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
• Muscles contract and relax to move food down the
  esophagus. This is called peristalsis.
• A valve called a sphincter separates the
  esophagus from the stomach.

5
Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
1 Mouth
2 Esophagus
6
Stomach

• A sac-like muscular organ that is attached to the
  esophagus.
• When food enters the stomach mechanical digestion
  is completed here. Food is churned and turns into
  a paste called chime.
• Digestive enzymes are mixed with the food to
  continue chemical digestion.

7
Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
1 Mouth
2 Esophagus
3 Stomach
8
Small Intestine

• The long, thin winding tube that food goes
  through after it leaves the stomach.
• Chemical digestion continues in the small
  intestine.
• Absorption occurs here through small extensions
  in the intestine wall called villi.

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Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
1 Mouth
2 Esophagus
3 Stomach
4 Small Intestine
10
Accessory Organs

• Liver makes bile a digestive enzyme that
  emulsifies fats to help with their digestion.
• Gall Bladder is attached to the liver. It stores
  and releases the bile into the small intestine.
• Pancreas is a gland that produces enzymes which
  help digest carbohydrates, fats and proteins into
  the small intestine.

11
Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
1 Mouth
2 Esophagus
Liver
3 Stomach
Pancreas
Gall Bladder
4 Small Intestine
12
Large Intestine (Colon)

• Digestion and absorption is over. Wider tube
  that remaining food waste moves through.
• Water is reabsorbed into the body here and
  bacteria help make vitamins.

• Appendix is a small sac located near the
  start of the large intestine.
• Function unknown but might have to do with all
  the bacteria that lives in the human digestive
  system.

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Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
1 Mouth
2 Esophagus
Liver
3 Stomach
Pancreas
Gall Bladder
4 Small Intestine
5 Large Intestine (colon)
Appendix
14
Rectum

• Where feces is stored before it is released from
  the body.
• The waste in feces has never entered the body.
  It is the waste that could not be digested or
  absorbed.
• It will leave out the anus. An other sphincter
  valve open to the outside of the body. The end
  of the digestive tract.

• If too much water is absorbed in the large
  intestine you will be constipated. If too little
  water is absorbed you will have diarrhea.

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Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
1 Mouth
2 Esophagus
Liver
3 Stomach
Pancreas
Gall Bladder
4 Small Intestine
5 Large Intestine (colon)
6 Rectum
Appendix
7 Anus
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Digestive Enzymes

• We use enzymes to digest our food. Why do we
  need different enzymes to digest different types
  of food?
• Why do we have to digest our food?

Nutrient Enzyme End Product
Carbohydrates Amylase
Proteins Peptidase
Lipids Lipase
Monosaccharides (Simple sugars)
Amino Acids
3 Fatty Acids and 1 Glycerol