Outlines on Freud

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Outlines on Freud

• Lifespan Development

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Freud

• Psychoanalysis
• Psychoanalytic theory
• Freud 1856-1939
• Very influential in Psychology
• Born Jewish and barriers academia and private
  practice
• Hysteria

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Freud

• Assumptions of Freud
• Childs urges are basically selfish and
  aggressive
• Biological forces push the child through the
  psychosexual stages
• Parents influence the outcome of each stage
• Children are passively influenced by forces that
  are largely beyond their control.

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Freud

• Development is stagelike
• Traits established in childhood carry over into
  adulthood
• Psychosexual stages are universal.

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Freud

• Personality was formed early in life as children
  dealt with their inborn biological sexual urges
  and the constant demands of society.
• Oral B through 12/18 months
• Bittingly critical personality
• Compulsive behaviors

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Freud

• Anal Stage 12/18 months 3 years
• Anus
• Adult-anally fixated constipated personality
• OCD

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Freud

• Phallic Stage (Early Genital) 3-6
• Sexual attachments
• Oedipal complex
• Penis envy
• Castration
• Electra complex

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Freud

• Latency Stage (6-12)
• Resolve conflicts of phallic stage
• Become socialized, develop skills, learn about
  themselves in society.

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Freud

• Genital Stage (adolescence and adulthood)
• Puberty
• Sex drive
• Appropriate heterosexual relationship

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Freud

• Id
• Present at birth
• Pleasure principle
• Get needs met
• Ego
• Around first year of life ego develops
• Common sense
• Reality principle
• Get ids needs met realistically

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Freud

• Superego
• Develops around 5 or 6
• Includes conscience
• Helps define what behaviors okay and what not in
  our value system.

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Freud

• Defense Mechanisms
• Repression
• Regression
• Reaction Formation
• Projection
• Rationalization
• Denial
• Displacement

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Freud

• Levels of consciousness
• Conscious
• Unconscious
• Preconscious
• Methodology Goal - Catharsis
• Slips of the tongue Freudian slip
• Hypnosis Breuer
• Transference / Countertransference
• Dream Analysis / Interpretation

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Psychosocial development

• Erik Erikson
• Main theme life quest for identity
• Unconscious striving for continuity of personal
  character
• Stages
• 1 Basic Trust verus Basic Mistrust (b to 1)
• 2Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt (1-3)
• 3Initiative versus Guilt (4-5)
• 4Industry versus Inferiority (6 to puberty)

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Psychosocial development

• Adolescence Identity and Repudiation versus
  Identity Diffusion.
• 6. Intimacy and solidarity versus isolation
• 7. Generativity versus Stagnation
• 8. Ego Integrity versus Despair

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Psychosocial Development

• Mechanisms of Development
• Weaknesses of Theory
• Contributions

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Kohlberg Moral Development

• Kohlberg (1958) theory
• The Heinz dilemma
• Stages
• Level 1 Preconventional Morality
• Stage 1 Obedience and Punishment orientation
• Stage 2 Iindividualism and Exchange
• Level II Conventional Morality
• Stage 3 Good Interpersonal Relationships

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Kohlberg Moral Development

• Stage 4 Maintaining the Social order
• Level III Postconventional Morality
• Stage 5 Social contract and individual rights
• Stage 6 Universal Principles
• Critique

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Carol Gilligans Care Perspective

• Carol Gilligan (1982)