Grammar

1
Grammar

• A Review of What You Already Know
• The Parts of Speech

2
Noun

• What is it?
• A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea
• Lets categorize
• Common (Think GENERAL)
• lake, month, guitarist, dog
• Proper (Think PARTICULAR ALWAYS CAPITALIZED)
• Lake Ripley, February, John Mayer, Clifford
• Concrete (THINK OBJECT)
• bell, book, flower
• Abstract (THINK IDEA, STATE OF MIND)
• Sadness, independence
• Singular vs. plural
• Collective (THINK GROUP)
• Crew, audience, family, crowd, staff

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Pronoun

• What is it?
• A word used in place of a noun or another pronoun
• Suzy didnt like her new haircut she thought
  everyone would laugh at her.
• The word that the pronoun stands for is the
  ANTECEDENT
• Many different types of pronouns
• Be able to recognize these words as pronouns
• Those, that, these, this, anybody, someone,
  another, anything, both, few, all, any, some,
  who, whom, whose, which, what, myself,
  themselves, herself, ourselves, he, she, they,
  our, mine, her, his, them, your

4
Verbs

• A verb expresses
• Action (run, jump, laugh, tickle, whisper,
  expect, assume, think, wonder)
• Linking verbs
• Express condition (look, smell, feel, sound,
  taste, appear, become, seem, remain)
• A state of being (is, am, are, was, were, be,
  being, been)
• The instruments are safe in the bus.
• Helping verbs
• Can, have, may, might, must, shall, should, will,
  would

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Adjective

• What is it?
• Modifies, describes, limits the meaning of a noun
  or pronoun
• Asks these questions
• What kind? (famous musician, green car, loud
  horn)
• Which one? (this book, these children,)
• How many? (one lamp, several pigeons)
• How much? (less energy, more sleep, some food)
• Articles are adjectives (a, an, and the)
• The yellow bus carried some children from the
  school to a local park.

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Adverb

• What is it?
• Modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
• Answers the questions
• Where? They stopped here during their
  vacation.
• When? Will they be returning soon?
• How? Everyone performed brilliantly.
• To what extent? The auditorium was completely
  full.
• Not all adverbs end in ly
• Common adverbs afterward, already, also, today,
  tomorrow, sometimes, slow, often, still ,next,
  now, near

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Prepositions

• What are they?
• Words that show the relationship between a noun
  or pronoun and another word in the sentence
• The sounds of jazz filled the kitchen.
• Common prepositions
• About, above, against, along, underneath, until,
  inside, into, near, by, on, off, since, to, as,
  because of, in place of, out of, prior to, on
  account of, in addition to
• See page 23 in Language Network for commonly used
  prepositions

8
Conjunctions

• What are they?
• A word that connects a group of words
• Coordinating conjunctions FANBOYS
• For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
• John and his family ate dinner together.
• I wanted to eat Mexican food, but Janice wanted a
  hamburger.
• Correlative conjunctions
• Not only but also Eitheror Neither nor
  Both and Whether or
• Either the music or the visual images will grab
  your attention.

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Interjections

• A word or phrase that is used to express emotion
• Ex Well, I guess Ill go home.
• Ex Ouch! That knife is sharp.

Unbelievable!
YIKES!
Oh No!