Castro "Marine Biology", 5e

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Chapter 2 The Sea Floor
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The Worlds Oceans
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Southern Ocean
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(No Transcript)
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Crust
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Continental Drift
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Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)
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Continental Drift
Matching Geologic Formations
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Continental Drift
Matching Geologic Formations
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Plate Tectonics
and Continental Drift
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Mid-Ocean Ridges Worldwide
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Iceland
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Iceland
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Lithospheric Plates
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Plates in contact
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Volcanic and earthquake activity
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When Continents Collide
China
The Himalayan Mountains formed as the Indian
plate collided with the Asian plate
India
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San Andreas Fault
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Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)
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Continental Drift -- History
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Continental Drift -- History
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Continental Drift -- History
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Continental Drift -- History
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Continental Drift -- History
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Illustration from Wegeners 1912 book proposing
Continental Drift
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Ocean Sediments
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Sediment core samples from ocean floor
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Ocean Sediments
Mineral (non-living sources) sediments
Amazon River Mouth
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Ocean Sediments
Biogenous (from living sources) sediments (ooze)
Calcareous ooze
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Calcareous ooze components
Foraminiferans
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Calcareous ooze components
Coccolithophorids
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Silaceous ooze components
Radiolarian tests
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Silaceous ooze components
Diatom tests
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Microfossils data on oceanic temperatures
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Ocean Sediments
Fossil Foraminiferans
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Geologic Provinces of the Ocean
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Continental Shelf
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Submarine Canyon off Monterrey
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Geologic Provinces of the Ocean
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Shelf Break off New Jersey
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Geologic Provinces of the Ocean
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Continental Slope
Oregon Coast (from the west looking east)
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Geologic Provinces of the Ocean
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Geologic Provinces of the Ocean
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Geologic Provinces of the Ocean
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Abyssal Plain off New Jersey (4000-6000 m)
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Deep Ocean Basins
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Hot Spots and Island Formation
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Mid-ocean ridge
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Mid-ocean ridge
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Black Smoker off Galapagos Islands
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Anatomy of a Black Smoker