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Water Cycle Notes 31109

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Title: Water Cycle Notes 31109


1
Water Cycle Notes3/11/09
Objective students will record and define the
key elements of the
water cycle.
2
cycle n.
  • An interval of time during which a
    characteristic, often regularly repeated event or
    sequence of events occurs

3
water cycle n.
  • Natural circulation of water on Earth the
    constant circulation of water between atmosphere,
    land, and sea by evaporation, precipitation, and
    percolation through soils and rocks

4
Parts of the Water Cycle
  • Ice comets
  • Precipitation
  • Condensation
  • Evaporation
  • Transpiration
  • Sublimation
  • Run off
  • Infiltration
  • Ground-water flow
  • Ocean
  • Rivers, creeks, and lakes
  • Living creatures
  • Sun
  • Glaciers

5
Where did all the water, in the system, come from?
  • Theories suggests that the water may have come
    from our solar system and beyond!

6
Comets Provide Water for Earth
May 18, 2001 -- Last year comet C/1999 S4 (better
known as "Comet LINEAR") surprised astronomers by
breaking apart as it passed near the Sun. Now the
long-dead comet has surprised them again New
research shows Comet LINEAR was likely made up of
water with the same isotopic composition as water
found here on Earth. The finding supports a
controversial idea that cometary impacts billions
of years ago could have provided most of the
water in Earth's oceans.
Above A team of astronomers led by Hal Weaver
used the Hubble Space Telescope to capture this
image of Comet LINEAR breaking up in August 2000.
7
Estimated Rate of Bombardment
comet
  • 10 per minute
  • 20-40 tons per event
  • 1 inch of water to the surface of the Earth every
    20,000 years.

8
Now that the water is on the surface of the
planet, what drives the water cycle?
9
The Sun
10
It takes approximately 8.31 minutes for the Suns
radiation to reach Earth
11
The Sun drives the Water Cycle by heating up
water molecules
12
Evaporation
212 ºF
13
Oceans
  • 343,423,668,428,484,681,262 gallons of water in
    the oceans
  • Earth's ocean covers almost 71 of Earth's
    surface to an average depth of about 3.8 km (2.4
    mi)
  • 85 of all evaporation worldwide

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15
Evaporation
  • Water molecules are heated from a liquid changing
    to a gas
  • Molecules move upward into the atmosphere

16
Condensation
  • Temperature drops -2 C per every 1,000 m of
    altitude gained
  • Water vapor turns to liquid
  • Depends on the content of water in the air versus
    the temperature

17
Wind
  • Caused by differences in heat and pressure
  • Moves the condensation (clouds)

18
Evapotranspiration
  • Plants produce water and vapor through the
    process of photosynthesis

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20
Precipitation
  • Condensation attaches to particles such as
    pollution or dust and falls downward
  • Rain, sleet, snow, hail, mist, dew, fog

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Sublimation
  • Solid to gas phase with no intermediate liquid
    stage.
  • Like the carbon dioxide on Mars dry ice turns
    from solid to gas without changing to a liquid

23
Run off
  • When rain water or snow melt flows on the surface

24
Infiltration
  • Water travels through permeable rock
  • Permeable pores are connected

25
Ground-water flow
  • Water flows down slope through permeable rock

26
Rivers, creeks, and lakes
  • Rivers and creeks transport water from run off,
    glacial melt, and groundwater discharge
  • Lakes and ponds store water

27
Glaciers
  • Hold most of Earths freshwater
  • Glaciers melt forming streams
  • Sublimation occurs on icy surface

28
Living creatures
  • Drink water
  • Perspire
  • Exhale moisture

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