Static Water

1

• Static Water
• Supply Sources

2
Outline

• I. Principles of Lift
• A. Theoretical Lift
• B. Maximum Lift
• C. Dependable Lift
• D. Determining Net Pump Discharge Pressure
• II. Natural Static Water Supply Sources
• A. Adequacy of the Natural Static Water Supply
• B. Accessibility of the Natural Static Water
  Supply Source
• III. Man-made Static Water Supply Sources
• A. Cisterns
• B. Private Water Storage Tanks
• C. Ground Reservoirs
• D. Swimming Pools
• E. Agriculture Irrigation Systems

3
Principles of Lift

• The process of raising water to supply a pumper
  is called drafting
• The elevation difference is considered lift.
• The process to pull the water into the hard
  suction hose is referred to as a vacuum

4
Theoretical Lift

• A Pump theoretically lifts 33.8 feet at sea
  level
• Lift decreases in altitude per 1,000 ft.
• Pumpers are unable to draft more than 33.8 ft.

5
Maximum Lift

• Maximum height water can be raised through hard
  suction
• Varies according to
• Condition of the pump
• Atmosphere
• Most cases max. is 25 ft.

6
Equation for Maximum Lift

• Equation J
• 1.13 (A Constant) x Hg (inches of Mercury)
  Maximum lift

7
Dependable Lift

• The height a column of water may be lifted enough
  to provide enough flow.
• Every pumper should be capable of lifting at
  least 14.7 ft. Note table 12.1
• As lift increases, pump capacity decreases
• a. Pumps only deliver 70 at 15 ft.

8
Determining Net Pump Discharge Pressure

• While pumping from a draft, Pump discharge is
  more than shown.
• Pressure is sum of discharge intake friction
  loss
• Note Table 12.2

9
EQUATION L N

• Pressure Correction lift total intake hose
  friction loss
• 2.3
• Pressure Correction NPDP PDP intake
  pressure correction

10
Natural Static Water Supply Sources

• 1. Natural
• 2. Man-made

11
Natural static water supply

• Should be identified during pre-planning
• 2 primary factors to consider
• Adequacy of the Water
• Accessibility

12
Adequacy of the Water

• Evaluate for droughts or fluctuations
• Adequacy can be evaluated by using
• Equation O
• Q A x V x 7.5

13
Accessibility of the Natural Static Water Supply
Source

• Problems
• Inability to reach the water
• Wet or soft ground
• Not enough depth
• Silt or debris
• Freezing weather

14
Inability to reach the water
15
Wet or Soft Ground Approaches
16
Inadequate Depth for Drafting

• Must have at least 24 inches around the strainer

17
Silt and Debris

• Problems
• Clogging in the strainer
• Damage to the fire Pump
• Clogging of nozzles

18
Freezing Water
19
Man-Made Static Water Supply Sources

• Cisterns
• Private water storage tanks
• Ground reservoirs
• Swimming pools
• Agricultural irrigation systems