Introduction to Literature

1
Introduction to Literature

• Poetry

2
How is Poetry Different from Prose?

• Poetry compresses meaning into fewer words
• Poetry often has meter, rhyme, and other
  techniques such as metaphor and simile
• Poetry is often arranged in lines and stanzas as
  opposed to sentences and paragraphs

3
Types of Poetry

• Narrative Poetry
• Tells a story
• Dramatic Poetry
• Relies heavily on dramatic elements such as
  dialogue
• Lyric Poetry
• Expresses the emotions of a speaker

4
Common Types of Lyric Poems

• Sonnet
• 14 Line poem that follows specific rhyme scheme
• Ode
• Lofty poem on a serious theme
• Elegy
• Tribute to someone expresses feelings of loss.
• Imagist
• Single vivid picture in words

5
Verse Form

• Metrical Verse (Rhymed Verse)
• Specific pattern of rhythm and rhyme
• Blank Verse
• Unrhymed iambic pentameter
• Free Verse
• No specific rhyme or rhythm

6
THE ONE METER YOU SHOULD KNOW!

• IAMBIC PENTAMETER
• Iambic footunstressed syllable/stressed syllable
• Pentameterfive feet
• How many syllables?
• Ten

7
Iambic Pentameter
8
Stanza Forms

• Couplet2 lines
• Quatrain4 lines
• Octave8 lines

9
Rhyme

• End Rhymeend of lines
• Internal Rhymewithin lines
• Slant Rhyme (near rhyme)close but not exact
• Rhyme SchemePattern of Rhyme
• Roses are Red (A)
• Violets are Blue (B)
• Sugar is Sweet (C)
• And so are You (B)

10
Sound Devices

• AlliterationRepetition of initial consonant
  sounds
• Oooh, Baby, Betsy baked biscuits! Bravissimo!
• OnomatopoeiaUse of words that sound like the
  things to which they refer.
• Snap, Crackle, Pop
• Sizzle

11
Figurative Language

• Hyperboleexaggeration
• Yo Mama is so fat, when she goes to the movie
  theater, she sits next to everyone. (by Aaron
  Breault)
• Metaphordirect comparison between two unlike
  things
• Toby was a piece of glass, ready to break at the
  least amount of pressure.
• Similecomparison using like or as
• The highway was as slick as snot.
• Personificationan idea, animal, or thing is
  described as if it were a person
• Night embraced us.