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Introduction to Matter
Everything that has mass and takes up space is
matter.
14.1
Matter has mass and volume.
14.2
Matter is made of atoms.
14.3
Matter combines to form different substances.
14.4
Matter exists in different physical states.
2
Matter has mass and volume.
14.1
matter
mass
weight
volume
Mass is a measure of how much matter an object
contains.
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Matter has mass and volume.
14.1
matter
mass
weight
volume
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Volume is the measure of the amount of space
matter occupies.
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matter
14.1
Matter has mass and volume.
matter
mass
weight
Anything that has mass and volume. Matter exists
ordinarily as a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
volume
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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mass
14.1
Matter has mass and volume.
matter
mass
weight
A measure of how much matter an object is made of.
volume
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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weight
14.1
Matter has mass and volume.
matter
mass
weight
The force of gravity on an object.
volume
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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volume
14.1
Matter has mass and volume.
matter
mass
weight
An amount of three-dimensional space, often used
to describe the space that an object takes up.
volume
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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Matter is made of atoms.
14.2
An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter.
atom
Two or more atoms bonded together form a
molecule.
molecule
Atoms and molecules are always in motion.
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atom
14.2
Matter is made of atoms.
atom
molecule
The smallest particle of an element that has the
chemical properties of that element.
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molecule
14.2
Matter is made of atoms.
atom
molecule
A group of atoms that are held together by
covalent bonds so that they move as a single unit.
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Matter combines to form different substances.
14.3
Matter can be pure, such as an element (gold), or
a compound (water).
element
compound
mixture
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Matter combines to form different substances.
14.3
Matter can be pure, such as an element (gold), or
a compound (water).
element
Matter can be a mixture. Mixtures contain two or
more pure substances.
compound
mixture
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element
14.3
Matter combines to form different substances.
element
compound
A substance that cannot be broken down into a
simpler substance by ordinary chemical changes.
An element consists of atoms of only one type.
mixture
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compound
14.3
Matter combines to form different substances.
element
compound
A substance made up of two or more different
types of atoms bonded together.
mixture
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mixture
14.3
Matter combines to form different substances.
element
compound
A combination of two or more substances that do
not combine chemically but remain the same
individual substances. Mixtures can be separated
by physical means.
mixture
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Matter exists in different physical states.
14.4
Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape.
states of matter
solid
liquid
gas
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Matter exists in different physical states.
14.4
Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape.
states of matter
Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.
solid
liquid
gas
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SECTION OUTLINE
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Matter exists in different physical states.
14.4
Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape.
states of matter
Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.
solid
Gases have no fixed volume and no fixed shape.
liquid
gas
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SECTION OUTLINE
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Matter exists in different physical states.
14.4
Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape.
states of matter
Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.
solid
Gases have no fixed volume and no fixed shape.
liquid
gas
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states of matter
14.4
Matter exists in different physical states.
states of matter
solid
The different forms in which matter can exist.
Three familiar states are solid, liquid, and gas.
liquid
gas
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solid
14.4
Matter exists in different physical states.
states of matter
solid
Matter that has a definite shape and a definite
volume. The molecules in a solid are in fixed
positions and are close together.
liquid
gas
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liquid
14.4
Matter exists in different physical states.
states of matter
solid
Matter that has a definite volume but does not
have a definite shape. The molecules in a liquid
are close together but not bound to one another.
liquid
gas
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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gas
14.4
Matter exists in different physical states.
states of matter
solid
Matter with no definite volume and no definite
shape. The molecules in a gas are very far apart,
and the amount of space between them can change
easily.
liquid
gas
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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14.1
Matter has mass and volume.
I. Matter has mass and volume.
matter
A. All objects are made of matter.
mass
B. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter.
weight
1. Measuring Mass
volume
2. Measuring Weight
C. Volume is a measure of the space matter
occupies.
1. Determining Volume by Formula
2. Measuring Volume by Displacement
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
25
Matter is made of atoms.
14.2
II. Matter is made of atoms.
atom
A. Atoms are extremely small.
molecule
1. Atoms
2. Molecules
B. Atoms and molecules are always in motion.
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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Matter combines to form different substances.
14.3
III. Matter combines to form different substances.
element
A. Matter can be pure or mixed.
compound
1. Elements
mixture
2. Compounds
3. Mixtures
4. Comparing Mixtures and Compounds
B. Parts of mixtures can be the same or different
throughout.
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KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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Matter exists in different physical states.
14.4
IV. Matter exists in different physical states.
states of matter
A. Particle arrangement and motion determine the
state of matter.
solid
liquid
B. Solid, liquid, and gas are common states of
matter.
gas
C. Solids have a definite volume and shape.
D. Liquids have a definite volume but no definite
shape.
E. Gases have no definite volume or shape.
1. Gas Composition
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2. Gas Behavior
KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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