The Explorers

1
The Explorers
2
North and Central America
3
The Breakdown

• English
• John Cabot
• Henry Hudson
• John Smith

• Vikings
• Eric the Red (Iceland)
• Leif Ericsson (Norway)

• Spanish
• Christopher Columbus
• Ponce de Leon
• Balboa
• Coronado
• De Soto
• Cortez

• French
• Jacques Cartier
• Champlain
• Marquette and Joliet
• La Salle
• Varranzano (Italian)

4
The Vikings

• Eric the Red Erik the Red Viking Adventures of
  Eric the Red
• Explored Greenland and started colony there
• Leif Ericsson
• A son of Eric the Red
• 1st European to explore mainland NA called
  Newfoundland Vinland

5
Christoper Columbus(1492)

• Italian (born in Genoa)
• Sailed for Spain under King Ferdinand and Queen
  Isabella
• Credited with discovering the New World
• Was looking for India and China
• Sailed Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria
• Explored mostly the Caribbean islands
• Did react Venezuela (3rd voyage) and Mexico and
  Central America (4th voyage)

6
Columbuss 4 Voyages
7
More Spaniards

• Juan Ponce de Leon (1508-1513)
• Explored Puerto Rico
• Discovered Florida while looking for Fountain of
  Youth
• Vasco Nunez de Balboa (1513)
• First European to see Pacific (across Panama)
• Hernando Cortes (1520) - Conquistador
• Defeated Aztecs and claimed Mexico for Spain
• Hernando de Soto (1540)
• Became 1st to see Mississippi River
• Francisco de Coronado (1542)
• Explored American southwest looking for 7 cities
  of gold

8
The English

• John Cabot (1497)
• Landed in New Foundland or in Maine
• An Italian who sailed for England
• 1st European to rediscover North American
  mainland since Vikings

• Henry Hudson (1610)
• Explored for Dutch also
• Looked for Northwest passage
• Namesake of Hudson Bay, Hudson River, Hudson
  Strait
• Put adrift after mutiny lost at sea

• John Smith (1614)
• One of founders of Virginia and Jamestown Colony
• Mapped entire New England Coast
• Associated with Pocahantas

9
French Exlorers
Cartier

• Jacques Cartier (1535)
• Established Frances claim to Canada
• Sailed St. Lawrence river and named a mountain
  Montreal (Mont Royal) after
• Samuel de Champlain (1603-1615)
• Father of New France or Canada as we know it
• Mapped Atlantic Coast from Nova Scotia to
  Marthas Vineyard
• Founded city of Quebec
• Discovered lakes Huron, Ontario, and Champlain
  (namesake)
• Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet (1673)
• 1st whites to explore and chart MS River down to
  Arkansas
• Robert La Salle (1679)
• 1st European to cross the Great Lakes
• 1st to navigate MS River to its mouth in Gulf of
  Mexico
• Claimed MS River valley Louisiana after Louis
  XIV
• Giovanni da Verrazano(1524)
• Italian sailing for France mapped NC to NY area
  for France

Champlain
La Salle
10
French Areas of Exploration
Champlain map
Cartier maps
La Salle map
11
South America
12
Explorers
Cabral Map

• Pedro Cabral (1500)
• Aiming for India, discovered Brazil and claimed
  it for Portugal
• Amerigo Vespucci (1500)
• May have discovered SA and Amazon River mouth
• America named after him
• Francisco Pizarro (1532)
• Spanish Conquistador conquered the Incan Empire

Vespucci
Pizarro
13
AFRICA
14
Explorers of Africa

• Bartholomeu Diaz (1488)
• Portugese sent by John II to explore African
  coast and find route to India
• Rounded Cape of Good Hope
• Vasco da Gama (1498)
• Portugese First to sail all the way to India
  around Cape of Good Hope
• David Livingstone (mid 1800s)
• Scottish missionary crossed Kalahari and 1st to
  see Zambezi River discovered Victoria Falls
• Sir Henry Morton Stanley (1871,born John
  Rowlands)
• Sent to find Dr. Livingstone found him on shores
  of Lake Tanganyika

15
Around the World.

• Ferdinand Magellan (1519)
• Portugese sailing for Spain
• 1st to circumnavigate the world
• Sir Francis Drake (1577)
• An English sea dog
• 1st English to sail around world
• James Cook (late 1700s)
• 1st to explore Hawaii and Australia

16
Polar Explorers

• Roald Amundsen
• Norwegian arctic explorer
• First to sail the Northwest Passage
• First to reach the South Pole (1910-1912)
• Ernest Shackelton
• British Antarctic Explorer
• First to climb Mt. Erebus (magnetic South Pole)
  and set foot on the South Polar plateau
• Never reached the actual South Pole
• Robert E. Peary-
• along with Henson, first to reach geographic
  North Pole
• Matthew Henson-
• along with Peary, first to reach geographic North
  Pole
• Also African American
• Richard E. Byrd
• Antarctic explorer
• Competed for Orteig Prize defeated by Charles
  Lindbergh who was first to fly to France nonstop