By: Greg McElroy and

1
By Greg and Kate

• By Greg McElroy and
• Kate Swenson

2
Reasons

• Southern Reasons
• Different Culture
• Losing Political Power
• Slavery
• States Rights
• Northern Reasons
• Preservation of the Union
• Abolition of Slavery

3
Beginning - 1861

• Southern States Secede
• President Jefferson Davis
• 11 States form Confederacy
• Fort Sumter
• Union Fort
• Was in the Southern States
• Running out of provisions
• Lincoln needed to resupply it

4
Beginning-1861 (Continued)

• Surrender of Fort Sumter
• Southern states demanded that the fort be
  abandoned
• The southern states opened fire
• Surrendered fort April 12

• Mobilize
• Lincoln called for 75,000 militia men, 42,000
  volunteers and 1,800 men for the navy
• South raised an army too
• Got soldiers, training, and supplies as fast as
  possible

5
Civil War in 1861

• The Confederates won battles
• Bull Run
• Wilsons Creek
• Union Army and Navy took steps to begin
  operations
• Along the upper Mississippi River
• Along the southern Atlantic coast

• The Trent Affair
• Threatened to involve Britain in the War
• Would have destroyed the Union

6
Civil War in 1862

• In the West
• Victories emerged at Forts Henry and Donelson
• The battle of Pea Ridge New Orleans was captured
• Battle of Perryville
• Inconclusive battles at Stones River and
  Murfreesboro
• In the East
• Victory at the Seven Days Battle
• Victory at Second Bull Run

• Military action flared

7
Civil War in 1862 (Continued)

• The year ended
• Closed in Virginia with a setback at
  Fredericksburg
• Confederacy enacted the first National
  Conscription Act
• The North placed emancipation and unification as
  war aims

8
Civil War in 1863

• A poor opening for the North
• Efforts to capture Vicksburg failed
• Union forces were defeated at Chancellorsville
• The North rebounded
• Trio of successes
• The Tullahoma campaign cleared major Confederate
  forces from Tennessee
• The capture of Vicksburg gave control of
  Mississippi River to the North
• The Battle of Gettysburg

• The North was victorious
• Lees last movement across the Potomac River
  ended

9
Civil War in 1863

• Success at Chattanooga closed a year of
  campaigning for the North
• The Union adopted a National Conscription act
• Allowed a draft of soldiers
• Promoted wide opposition and considerable
  violence
• Emancipation Proclamation
• Said that Slavery was dead
• Went into effect on January 1
• The North began recruiting black soldiers
• Shortages in food and material

10
Civil War in 1864

• Expectations of Grant were high
• The bloody overland Campaign brought hopes down
• Battles at Wilderness
• Sportsylvania
• Cold Harbor
• Failed attempt to capture Atlanta

11
Civil War in 1865

• Northern morale reaches low
• Shenandoah Valley brought small Confederate army
  to the outskirts of Washington
• Thought Lincoln wouldnt be reelected
• Grant and Lee settled into a siege
• Year ended with Union victories
• Hopes for Confederate success had virtually ended

12
The War Ends

• Lincoln rejoices after learning of Lees
  surrender
• Lincoln was assassinated on April 14th

13
The War Ends

• News spread of the surrender
• Johnson made peace overtures to Sherman
• The two commanders met in Durham station to
  discuss terms
• Only 2 Confederate armies remained
• Louisiana-General Richard Taylor-Surrendered May
  4th
• Texas-General Edmund Kirby Smith-Surrendered May
  26th
• President of the Confederacy captured May 10th in
  Georgia

14
Effects of the Civil War

• In The North
• Modern Organization
• Large Corporations
• Abolished Slavery
• United The Country
• In The South
• Proved the South needed a Central Government to
  survive
• Rebuilt the South

15
Bibliography (Pictures)

• Slaves - Groliers Encyclopedia
• Upper Mississippi - www.davidestrada.com/river/
  images/rivermap.gif
• Southern Atlantic - www.seniors-place.com/retireme
  nthavens/ ACoastSouth.html
• Civil War Battle - www.hollis-history.org/
  images/cw1.jpg
• Battle of Gettysburg - www.cr.nps.gov/history/onli
  ne_books/ hh/9/images/hh9a1.jpg
• Black Soldier - acacia.pair.com/Acacia.Vignettes/
  Graphics/BW.Civil.War.GIF
• General Grant - www.bartleby.com/ 124/grant.gif
• General Lee - www.55thvirginia.freeserve.co.uk/
  general20lee.gif
• Lincoln - www.bartleby.com/ 124/lincoln.gif
• Surrender - orbisenterprises.com/ a_Appot_1.jpg

16
Bibliography (Information)

• Encarta Online
• http//www.militaryhistoryonline.com/gettysburg/ge
  tty11.aspx
• http//www.civilwar.com/timebot.html
• Groliers
• http//www.angelfire.com/me/reenact/page2.html