Chapter 2b Summary

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Chapter 2b Summary

• Motivation Basic Management Skills

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Motivation

• To understand motivation
• Examine goals that motivate students to work
  independently or cooperatively with a group
• Persist on challenging problems
• Begin work when expected
• Work until the end of the period
• Exhibit interest in the class activity
• Try to achieve understanding even when no
  immediate award is apparent

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Two Approaches to Positive Task Orientation

• Intrinsic goals
• Striving to develop new skills
• Increase understanding
• Improve achievement
• Extrinsic goals
• Trying to perform well with respect to other
  students
• Try to do better with less effort to impress
  others
• Learning as a way to outperform others for ego

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Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic

• Intrinsic students
• Inwardly motivated
• Academic success is from effort persistence
• Excellence is due to understanding integrating
  their knowledge

• Extrinsic students
• Motivated by external conditions
• Success is from innate ability second-guessing
  the teacher

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Creating a Motivated Classroom

• Three Main elements
• Learning Tasks
• Teacher Beliefs
• Student Beliefs

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Motivating Students

• As teachers, we need to build students confidence
  in their ability to do math
• Students are more likely to become intrinsically
  motivated if they believe they can be successful
  at a given task
• Encouraging the students that the task will not
  be difficult can accelerate the learning
  environment

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Intrinsic Motivation

• Actively involve students in learning by
• Interesting problems can be explored through
  mathematical ideas on a regular basis
• Learning to communicate mathematically
• Given problems that can be solved by different
  methods
• Student assumes greater responsibility for
  learning

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Internalizing Mathematical Learning Goals

• Cooperative Learning assignments
• Emphasize the value of mathematics
• Ask open questions

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Basic Management Skills

• Room Arrangement
• Teacher Expectations of Students
• Daily Organization

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Room Arrangement

• Classroom needs to be an inviting place that
  shows that interesting and important activities
  happen here
• Teacher needs to find ways to focus students
  attention
• Be accessible to the maximum number of students
  desks

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Overhead Projector

• Provides natural focus for teaching
• Can help make a smooth beginning to class
• Promotes classroom control because you can see
  all the students
• Prepared transparency slides may help make class
  more efficient

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Desks

• U-shaped or horseshoe-shaped allows the whole
  class to see the overhead
• Circle promotes discussion
• Three or four desks together allow students to
  work easily as groups
• Chevron arrangement is effective for competitions
  and to add interests to a topic

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Desks continued

• Straight rows are appropriate for guest speakers,
  a video, or standardized testing
• Tables are also good for manipulative activities
  and group work

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Avoiding Disruptions

• Tardy sign-in should be placed at the back of the
  room
• Pencil Sharpener and waste basket should be in
  the back of the room if students are allowed to
  get up without permission

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Teacher Classroom Supplies

• Teachers need to establish a space to keep
  personal items and materials
• Classroom material should be organized so they
  are easily accessible
• Clear containers with labels and calculator hang
  bags are good ideas too

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Other things to Consider

• Energy Savers
• Classroom Décor
• Room Sharing

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Teacher Expectations of Students

• Tell students what kind of behavior you expect
  from them including school rules
• Treat everyone with respect
• Everyone participates in working on math
• Students who are unprepared for class
• Homework assignments
• Manage record keeping

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Daily Organization

• Daily lesson plans must be prepared
• INTO signal to change from beginning exercises
  to new material
• THROUGH main ideas for the class
• BEYOND opportunity for the students to fully
  comprehend the main lesson through additional
  activities