Martin Luther

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Martin Luther
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Martin Luther

• Luther was a Catholic priest.
• He visited Rome early in his career.
• He saw other priests acting sinfully and began to
  question church doctrine.
• He did not believe the church could provide
  salvation.

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Luthers Beliefs

• For it is by grace that you have been saved,
  through faith and this not from yourselves, it
  is the gift of God not by works, so that no one
  can boast. Ephesians 28-9
• Grace (noun) Divine (Godly) love and protection
  bestowed (given) freely on people.

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• Luther disagreed with indulgences because he said
  only God could forgive sins, not man.
• He directly challenged the church on this and
  other issues.
• He risked excommunication and even death.

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Luthers Challenge

• Luther nailed 95 arguments (theses) to the door
  of the local church for all to see.
• He also translated the Bible into German, the
  language of the commoners.

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The Popes Response

• Luther was excommunicated after he refused to
  take back his statements.
• He had the support of German nobles who protected
  him.
• His ideas spread very rapidly over Europe despite
  the churchs response.

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Changes in the Church
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Results

• Luthers idea spread
  rapidly throughout Europe.
• Millions of people converted to Protestantism.
• Some people went so far as to violently rise up
  again the Churchs control.
• He was a hero to some, a criminal to others.

Protestant
Catholic
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The Counterreformation

• Counter (verb) To go against

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1500 A.D.
1560 A.D.
1600 A.D.
of followers
Catholic
Protestant (Lutheran, Anglican, etc.)
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• The Catholic Church
  wanted to stop the
  spread of
  Protestantism.
• It was losing followers which meant it was losing
  money.
• They refocused on strictly following the commands
  and rules of the Church.

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The Jesuits

• A group of Catholics who followed Church rules
  obsessively.
• Penance (working off sins) was a key teaching.
• They hoped this would help remove the corruption
  but not ruin the church.

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The Council of Trent

• Catholic bishops gathered to make some changes.
• 1. No more selling indulgences (still have them,
  just cant sell them)
• 2. Bishops must live near their church.

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Competition
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The Missionaries

• The churches were now competing for members.
• Each sent missionaries around the world to find
  new converts.
• This lead to discovering America and new
  relationships with Japan.

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• Protestant England settled in what is now the
  United States.
• Catholic Spain and France settled in what is now
  Mexico and South America.

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Things
Remember
to
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Things to Remember

• Problems in the church like selling indulgences
  led to the Reformation.
• Martin Luther and others argued that God provided
  salvation, not the church.

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• 3. France and Spain remained Catholic and spread
  Catholicism to Mexico and South America.
• 4. England and Germany became Protestant and
  spread Protestantism into what is now the USA.

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Church Differences
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Catholic
Protestant
-Jesus offers salvation but you must
work to get it.
-Salvation is .
the free gift of God, you
cannot earn it.
-Jesus lived, was crucified and resurrected.
-Only God can forgive sins
-Popes can forgive sins.
-Communion and baptism are very important
-Regular church members help make
decisions.
-Only clergy make decisions in the
church.