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National Firefighter Safety Stand Down 2006

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Title: National Firefighter Safety Stand Down 2006


1
National Firefighter Safety Stand Down 2006
  • Everyone Goes Home!

2
IntroductionThe International Association of
Fire Chiefs (IAFC), and its national partners
are urging fire departments to begin a special
emphasis on June 21st focusing on firefighter
safety. 
3
TEEX and all Texas fire agencies fully support
the IAFC with this effort and encourages all
departments across Texas and the United States to
place a priority on safe operations for all
personnel and functions.
We must assure that Everyone Goes Home!
4
Texas Commission on Fire Protection
Texas Forest Service
Fire Fighters Pension Commissioner
National Volunteer Fire Council
State Firemens and Fire Marshals
Association of Texas
State Fire Marshal
5
On Tuesday, June 21, 2006, TEEX / ESTI will
conduct special Firefighter Safety Awareness
sessions
  • 14 Locations across Texas
  • Longview
  • Springtown
  • Round Rock
  • Sherman
  • College Station (2)
  • Lake Jackson
  • Bremond
  • Wichita Falls
  • Brownsville
  • Floydada
  • Houston
  • Ft. Stockton
  • Leander
  • Del Rio

For information 979-458-2270
6
Agenda
  • Reason for Stand Down
  • Line of Duty Death (LODD) Statistics
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • Areas of Focus
  • Vehicle Safety - Case Studies Recommendations
  • Physical Fitness and Training
  • Summary
  • Additional Materials

7
Moment of SilenceTo honor our brothers and
sisters who have fallen.
8
Reason for Stand Down
  • Call attention to the number of preventable
    line-of-duty deaths and injuries among
    firefighters.
  • As of May 31st there have been 38 firefighter
    line-of-duty deaths (LODD) in the US.
  • To include 3 LODD in Texas.
  • 106 firefighters died in the line of duty in
    2005.
  • 26 in vehicle accidents.
  • source www.usfa.fema.gov

9
United States Firefighter LODDs
  • Heart attacks were responsible for the deaths of
    48 firefighters in 2005 (down from 61 in 2004)
  • Vehicle crashes took the lives of 26 firefighters
    in 2005
  • 5 killed in tanker (tender) crashes
  • 5 killed in crashes involving passenger vehicles
  • 4 killed in pumper crashes
  • Firefighters were also killed in crashes
    involving ATVs, aircraft, and a boat.

10
StatisticsLine-of-Duty Deaths (LODD)
11
2005 Statistics On Duty
  • The average age of a firefighter killed in 2005
    was 46.
  • The youngest firefighter to die was an
    18-year-old Connecticut firefighter who died
    after falling from a ladder during training.
  • The oldest firefighter to die was a 76-year-old
    New Jersey firefighter who was struck by a
    suspected drunk driver at a roadside emergency
    scene.

12
LODD Statistics 2005Classification
13
LODD Statistics 2005
14
LODD Statistics 2005
15
2005 Firefighter DeathsTop 5 by State
16
2005 Firefighter Fatalities by State by Location
of Fatal Incident
  • 1 - Oklahoma
  • 1 - Oregon
  • 7 - Pennsylvania
  • 1 - South Carolina
  • 1 - South Dakota
  • 3 - Tennessee
  • 9 - Texas
  • 1 - Utah
  • 1 - Virginia
  • 1 - Wisconsin
  • 2 - West Virginia
  • 2 - Wyoming
  • 1 - Iraq
  • 1 - Maryland
  • 2 - Michigan
  • 3 - Missouri
  • 3 - Mississippi
  • 4 - North Carolina
  • 1 - Nebraska
  • 1 - New Hampshire
  • 5 - New Jersey
  • 2 - New Mexico
  • 1 - Nevada
  • 17 - New York
  • 4 - Alabama
  • 1 - Arkansas
  • 1 - Arizona
  • 8 - California
  • 2 - Connecticut
  • 2 - Delaware
  • 3 - Florida
  • 3 - Georgia
  • 2 - Iowa
  • 2 - Kansas
  • 6 - Kentucky
  • 1 - Louisiana

17
Line-of-Duty Deaths
  • 2006!
  • Date Range 1/1/2006 to 5/31/2006

18
2006 YTD Line-of-Duty Firefighter Fatalities 38
  • Classification
  • 11 Career (28.9)
  • 1 Wildland Full-Time (2.63)
  • 1 Paid-on-Call (2.63)
  • 23 Volunteer (60.5)
  • 2 Unknown (5.26)
  • Number of Multiple Firefighter Fatality
    Incidents 1
  • Number of Wildland Firefighter Fatalities 5

19
2006 - Type of Duty
  • 4 Responding (10.5)
  • 3 Training (7.89)
  • 14 On-Scene Fire (36.8)
  • 4 On-Scene Non-Fire (10.5)
  • 8 After (21.0)
  • 4 Other On-Duty (10.5)
  • 1 Other (2.63)
  • Percent of Fatalities Related to Emergency Duty
    63.1
  • Number of firefighter fatalities associated with
    suspicious/arson fires 1

20
2006 - Cause of Fatal Injury
  • 5 Caught/Trapped (13.1)
  • 21 Stress/Overexertion (55.2)
  • 1 Exposure (2.63)
  • 1 Collapse (2.63)
  • 3 Struck by (7.89)
  • 5 Vehicle Collision (13.1)
  • 1 Lost (2.63)
  • 1 Other (2.63)

21
2006 - Nature of Fatal Injury
  • 3 Asphyxiation (7.89)
  • 3 Crushed (7.89)
  • 1 Burns (2.63)
  • 2 CVA (5.26)
  • 8 Trauma (21.0)
  • 19 Heart Attack (50.0)
  • 2 Other (5.26)

22
2006 - Age of Firefighter When the Fatal Injury
Was Sustained
  • 1 - Under 21
  • 2 - 21 to 25
  • 1 - 26 to 30
  • 10 - 31 to 40
  • 7 - 41 to 50
  • 10 - 51 to 60
  • 6 - 61 and Over
  • 2 - Unknown
  • Percent of Firefighter Fatalities Under Age 40
    31.6

23
2006 - Firefighter DeathsTop States
24
2006 - Firefighter Fatalities by State by
Location of Fatal Incident
  • 3 - New Jersey
  • 1 - New Mexico
  • 5 - New York
  • 2 - Oklahoma
  • 2 - Pennsylvania
  • 1 - South Carolina
  • 1 - South Dakota
  • 4 - Tennessee
  • 3 - Texas
  • 1 - Washington
  • 2 - Alabama
  • 1 California
  • 1 - Colorado
  • 1 - Georgia
  • 1 - Illinois
  • 1 - Kansas
  • 1 Michigan
  • 1 - Missouri
  • 2 - Mississippi
  • 3 - North Carolina
  • 1 New Hampshire

25
2006 - Texas Fire Service Line-of-duty Deaths
since Jan 1, 2006
  • Jan. 3 Richard Longoria, 54, Corpus Christi
  • Stress/Overexertion  (Cerebrovascular Accident)
  • Mar. 12 James McMorries, 62, Howardwick
  • Vehicle Collision (Trauma)
  • Apr. 3 David Moore, 40, Houston
  • Stress/Overexertion  (Cerebrovascular Accident)

26
Stand Down - Focus
  • Emergency vehicle safety, including
  • Seatbelt usage
  • Safe driving through intersections
  • Roadside
  • Additional Focus
  • Physical Fitness
  • Training

27
Vehicle Safety
  • Our Focus !
  • Your Focus !

28
Motor Vehicle Collisions (MVCs)
  • Since 1984, MVCs have accounted for between 20
    and 25 percent of firefighter fatalities
    annually.
  • One quarter of firefighters who died in MVCs were
    killed in private/personally owned vehicles
    (POVs).
  • Following POVs, the apparatus most often involved
    in fatal collisions were tankers,
    engines/pumpers, and airplanes.
  • More firefighters are killed in tanker collisions
    than in engines and ladders combined.
  • About 27 percent of fatalities in MVCs the
    firefighter was ejected from the vehicle at the
    time of the collision
  • Only 21 percent were reportedly wearing their
    seatbelts prior to the collision.

29
It can only happen to the other guy
  • To everyone else
  • YOU are the OTHER GUY !!

30
Vehicle Safety
  • Case Studies Recommendations
  • source www.cdc.gov/niosh/fire

31
Case Study 1Volunteer Firefighter Dies and Two
Injured in Engine Rollover - Alabama
32
Recommendation 1.1 Fire departments should
develop and enforce standard operating procedures
(SOPs) on the safe and prudent operation of
emergency vehicles.
  • NFPA 1500 4-2.3 states "Drivers of fire
    department vehicles shall be directly responsible
    for the safe and prudent operation of the
    vehicles under all conditions. . . "
  • NFPA 1451 5.3 states that fire department
    personnel must be trained in and exercise
    applicable principles of defensive driving
    techniques under both emergency and nonemergency
    conditions

33
Recommendation 1.2 Fire departments should
ensure that drivers of fire department vehicles
receive driver training at least twice a
year.
  • Driver training should be provided to all
    driver/operators as often as necessary to meet
    the requirements of NFPA 1451, but not less than
    twice a year.
  • This training should be documented and cover
    defensive driving techniques during emergency and
    nonemergency conditions.
  • Additionally, fire departments driver training
    should be in accordance with
  • NFPA 1451, Standard for a Fire Service Vehicle
    Operations Training Program and,
  • NFPA 1002, Fire Apparatus Driver/Operator
    Professional Qualifications.

34
Case Study 2One Part-time Fire Fighter Dies and
Another Is Seriously Injured When Two Fire
Engines Collide at an Intersection While
Responding to a Fire - Illinois
35
Recommendation 2.1 Fire departments should
provide training to driver/operators as often as
necessary to meet the requirements of NFPA 1451,
1500, and 1002. This training should incorporate
specifics on intersection practices.
  • In NFPA 1451, Standard for a Fire Service Vehicle
    Operations Training Program, Chapter 5.3.1 states
    that fire department personnel must be trained
    in, and exercise applicable principles of,
    defensive driving techniques under both emergency
    and non-emergency conditions.
  • Chapter 6.2.7.1 states that procedures for
    emergency response must emphasize that the safe
    arrival of fire apparatus at the emergency scene
    is the first priority.
  • To reduce the risk of crashes and injury or
    death, Chapter 6.2.8 states that fire apparatus
    must come to a complete stop in a number of
    situations including red traffic lights, stop
    signs, negative right-of-way intersections, blind
    intersections, and when the driver cannot account
    for all lanes of traffic in an intersection.

36
Recommendation 2.2 Fire departments should
develop and enforce standard operating procedures
(SOP ) for seat belt usage, intersection
practices, and response to mutual/automatic aid
incidents.
  • Standard vehicle operation procedures should
    include but not be limited to defensive driving
    techniques, seat belt use, and intersection
    practices.
  • SOPs should be comprehensive and encompass
    training and procedures for incidents involving
    mutual and automatic aid.
  • SOPs should be written, periodically reviewed,
    and enforced.
  • Fire departments should enforce SOPs on the use
    of seat belts.
  • The SOPs should apply to all persons riding in
    emergency vehicles and should state that all
    persons on board must be seated and secured in an
    approved riding position whenever the vehicle is
    in motion.

37
Recommendation 2.2 Continued
  • The SOPs should include defensive driving
    practices, particularly as they relate to
    intersections.
  • NFPA 1710 and 1720 both address response to
    automatic/mutual aid incidents.
  • NFPA 1720, Chapter 4.7.2, for example, states
    Procedures and training of personnel for all
    fire departments in mutual aid, automatic aid,
    and fire protection agreement plans shall be
    comprehensive to produce an effective fire force
    and to ensure uniform operations.
  • NFPA 1620, Recommended Practice for Pre-incident
    Planning provides guidance to assist departments
    in establishing pre-incident plans.
  • Pre-incident planning includes agreements formed
    by a coalition of all involved parties including
    mutual-and automatic-aid fire departments, EMS,
    and law enforcement personnel, to help ensure a
    coordinated response to emergency situations.

38
Case Study 3Career Fire Fighter/Emergency
Medical Technician Dies from Injuries Sustained
in Fall from Apparatus - California
39
Recommendation 3.1 Fire departments should
ensure that all persons responding in emergency
apparatus are wearing and secured by seat belts
or safety restraints at all times the vehicle is
in motion.
  • Fire fighters and emergency responders make many
    life-and-death decisions during a tour of duty,
    and one of the most important for their own
    safety is securing the seat belt after climbing
    aboard a responding emergency apparatus.
  • It is equally critical that personnel remain
    seated and restrained until they have arrived at
    their destination and the apparatus has come to a
    safe stop.
  • NFPA 1500 states that seat belts shall not be
    released or loosened for any purpose while the
    vehicle is in motion, including the donning of
    respiratory protection equipment or protective
    clothing.
  • Departments should enforce and repeatedly train
    all personnel on safety rules, including the use
    of safety restraints when riding in emergency
    vehicles.

40
Recommendation 3.1 Continued
  • NFPA 1901 Chapter 14.1.1 states that each crew
    riding position shall be within a fully enclosed
    personnel area.
  • Although newer apparatus are designed with fully
    enclosed cabs, older apparatus with jump seat
    riding areas are still in service.
  • Some of these are equipped with safety bars or
    gates that are intended to prevent a fire fighter
    from falling out of a jump seat.
  • However, these devices do not substitute for
    safety procedures that require fire fighters to
    ride in enclosed positions secured by an approved
    restraint system.

41
Ensure
  • Fully enclosed seating is provided for all
    members riding on the fire apparatus.
  • Warning lights meet the current standard.
  • Reflective striping meets the current standard.
  • Slip resistance of walking surfaces and handrails
    meets the current standard.
  • Ground and step lights meet the current standard.
  • Noise levels in the driving and crew
    compartment(s) meet the current standard.
  • Tires and suspension are in serviceable
    condition.
  • All horns and sirens are relocated from the roof
    to a position as low and as far forward as
    possible.
  • Seat belts are available for every seat and are
    new or in serviceable condition.
  • Sign plates are present stating no riding on open
    areas.
  • All loose equipment in the driving and crew areas
    is securely mounted to prevent its movement in
    case of an accident.

42
Case Study 4Volunteer Assistant Chief is Struck
and Killed at Road Construction Site - Minnesota
43
Recommendation 4.1 Fire departments should
ensure that fire apparatus are positioned to
protect fire fighters from traffic.
  • As stated in NFPA 1451 (8.1.4.1), fire service
    vehicles shall be utilized as a shield from
    oncoming traffic whenever possible.
  • Apparatus should be angled on the roadway to
    create a physical barrier between the work area
    and approaching traffic.
  • Emergency personnel should stay within the
    shadow created by the blocking apparatus at all
    times.
  • Forward-facing lights such as headlights should
    be turned off to prevent distracting motorists
    traveling in the opposite direction.

44
Recommendation 4.2 Fire departments should
establish, implement, and enforce standard
operating procedures (SOPs) regarding safe work
practices while responding to calls in or near
moving traffic.
  • Fire fighters working in or near moving traffic
    are in danger of being struck by motor vehicles.
    Department SOPs can help establish safe work
    practices in such situations.
  • SOPs should include, but not be limited to, the
    following
  • positioning apparatus to provide a physical
    barrier between responders and moving traffic,
    operating defensively (e.g., never turn your back
    on traffic when working in a non-secure area),
  • methods to establish a secure work area,
    releasing the scene back to normal operation, and
    wearing appropriate personal protective apparel.

45
Recommendation 4.3 Fire departments should
train personnel in safe procedures for operating
in or near moving traffic.
  • Emergency responders should operate defensively
    with an awareness of the high risk associated
    with working in or near moving traffic.
  • Training should include, but not be limited to,
    positioning apparatus to create a physical
    barrier between traffic and the work area, and
    wearing helmets and high-visibility safety
    apparel at all times.
  • Because each incident varies, all emergency
    responders should have ongoing, appropriate,
    task-specific training.

46
Recommendation 4.4 Fire departments should
ensure that when operating at an emergency scene,
personnel wear high-visibility safety apparel
suitable to the incident, such as highly-visible,
reflectorized flaggers vest (e.g., strong
yellow-green or orange).
  • Personnel working in or around moving traffic
    need to be highly visible, especially at night.
  • Personnel working in such settings are considered
    highway workers by the Department of
    Transportation (DOT) and, thus, fall under the
    Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD)
    regulations.
  • Section 6E.02 of the MUTCD describes
    high-visibility clothing requirements.

47
VFIS Recommends
  • The Volunteer Firemens Insurance Services (VFIS)
    recommends the following specific practices for
    controlled intersections such as existed in this
    incident (those controlled by a stop sign, yield
    sign, or yellow or red traffic lights)
  • Scan the intersection for possible hazards, e.g.,
    right turns on red and vehicles traveling fast.
    Do not rely on warning devices to clear traffic.
  • Begin to slow down well before reaching the
    intersection and continue to scan in all
    directions.
  • Change the siren cadence at least 200 feet from
    the intersection.
  • Scan the intersection for possible passing
    options avoiding the use of the opposing traffic
    lane if possible.
  • If the driver cannot account for traffic in all
    lanes in an intersection, he/she should bring the
    vehicle to a complete stop.
  • Establish eye contact with other vehicle drivers.

48
Additional Focus Needed on
  • Physical Fitness
  • Training

49
Physical Fitness
Our Number One Killer.. ..Only YOU can change
it!!!
50
Physical Fitness
  • Cardiovascular disease is the number one killer!
  • Exercise 30 minutes a day.
  • Assess your own weaknesses and work to improve
    them.
  • Diet plays a part.
  • Stay hydrated.
  • Support / encourage each others fitness goals.

51
Training
  • Practice Like You Play
  • Engage in ALL Rules

52
Training
  • Training is vital to safety and success.
  • Assess your weakness and address them.
  • Strive to learn new things every day.
  • Critique emergency responses while they are still
    fresh in your mind.
  • Share the training responsibility, you learn more
    as a teacher than as a student.
  • Train, train, train

53
Summary
  • Firefighter deaths are at an unacceptable level.
  • You can work to change that
  • Identify risks and work to reduce them.
  • SOPs Develop them, Follow them, Train on them.
  • Strive to improve your fitness level.
  • Train, Train, Train
  • Make a promise
  • Everyone Goes Home!

54
TEEX and all other State Agencies in the Texas
Fire Service encourage you to spread the word
promote this safety awareness program.
Everyone Goes Home
55
Information available at
  • www.teex.com/esti
  • www.iafc.org/standdown
  • www.everyonegoeshome.com
  • www.nvfc.org
  • www.healthy-firefighter.org
  • www.respondersafety.com
  • www.cdc.gov/niosh/fire
  • www.usfa.fema.gov
  • www.vfis.com
  • www.nvfc.org/evsp

56
Thank You Be Safe..
  • TEEX / ESTI
  • 979.845.7641 or 866.878.8900
  • www.teex.com/esti
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