Risk, Toxicology

1
Risk, Toxicology Human Health
2
Chapter 19

• Risk and probability
• Precautionary Principle
• Types of hazards people face
• Cultural
• Physical
• Chemical
• Biological
• Defining and measuring toxicology
• Toxicity, dosage, bioaccumulation,
  biomagnification, synergism, response, acute
  effect, chronic effect

3
Chapter 19

• Types and measurement of chemical hazards
• Mutagens, teratogens, carcinogens, neurotoxins,
  hormonally active agents
• Types and effects of biological hazards
• Non-transmissible disease, transmissible disease,
  pathogens, vectors, TB, HIV/AIDS, malaria
• Risk estimation, management and reduction
• Risk perception

4
Pesticides and Pest Control
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Chapter 23

• Issues with pests
• Types and characteristics of pesticides
• Chemicals that kill undesirable organisms
• Insecticides, herbicides, fungicides,
  rodenticides
• Pros and cons of using pesticides
• Pesticide regulation in the US
• Alternatives to chemical pesticides

6
Solid Hazardous Waste
7
Chapter 24

• Types and amounts of wastes
• Industrial and agricultural waste
• Municipal solid waste
• 11 billion metric tons/year in US
• Methods to reduce waste
• Methods of dealing with waste
• Burning, burying
• Hazardous waste types
• Contains at least one toxic compound
• Catches fire easily
• Reactive or explosive
• Corrodes metal containers

8
Chapter 24

• Not hazardous
• Radioactive waste
• Household waste
• Mining waste
• Oil and gas drilling waste
• Liquids containing organic hydrocarbons
• Cement kiln dust
• lt100 kg (220 lb) per month
• Hazardous waste regulation in the US