Perceptual Development

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Chapter 8

• Perceptual Development

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Perception

• Auditory
• Visual
• Tactile-Kinesthetic

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II. Information Processing
Decision Making
Motor Output
Sensory Input

• Feedback

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• Step 1 Stimulus Reception
• Step 2 Sensory Integration/Processing
• Step 3 Motor Output
• Step 4 Feedback

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Major Developmental Changes in Perception

• Tactile-Kinesthetic-Visual
• Intrasensory Development
• Intersensory Development

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IV. Visual Perception

• Visual Acuity ability to discern detail
• Depth Perception ability to judge how near or
  far objects are from a person
• Movement Perception ability to perceive an
  object moving
• Parallax direction of stationary object changes
  if observer changes location

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• Stereopsis seeing in three dimensions
• Optical Expansion occurs when distance between
  an individual and another object changes
• Figure-Ground ability to extract relevant
  detail from background
• Spatial Orientation ability to recognize object
  arrangement in space
• Visual-Motor Coordination ability to integrate
  eyes and hands for tracking, interception

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VI. Tactile-Kinesthetic Perception

• Exteroceptors (mechanoreceptors) receptors from
  external environment
• Proprioceptors (muscle spindles, golgi tendon)
  receptors that are involved with joint movement
  and position
• Vestibular Apparatus detect movement of head to
  orient person during movement and controlling
  posture.
• Tactile (touch and localization)
• Spatial Orientation location and orientation in
  space independent of vision.