01INTRO

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Welcome to Coastal Navigation
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Course Materials

• Advanced Coastal Navigation (AN-1)
• Study Guide (AN-2)
• 1210 Tr Nautical Charts
• Cruise Exam (AN-4)
• Chart tube
• Plotting tools

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COASTAL NAVIGATION

• Each class session is about two
  hours long
• More time may be spent on critical/difficult
  material
• Feel free to interrupt at any
  time
• Asking questions is vital to
  learning

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COASTAL NAVIGATION

• Schedule
• Break
• Your Instructors
• Contact information
• Facilities
• Local Speed Limits
• Bring with you

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COASTAL NAVIGATION

• Homework will take at least eight hours per week
• Recommend you do all the assigned homework
  problems
• Homework will include a
  Cruise
• Final Exam
• Award Certificates
• Graduation Party

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Introduction to Coastal Navigation
Chapter 1
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The art of going from here to there and back,
safely and efficiently
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Think Ahead
Think Ahead
Think Ahead
Think Ahead
Think Ahead
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Think Ahead
Think Ahead
Think Ahead
Think Ahead
Think Ahead
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Phase One
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Voyage Planning

• Assemble required reference materials
• Formulate voyage alternatives

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click
Via Deception Pass
Friday Harbor
Via La Conner
Formulating Voyage Alternatives
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Voyage Planning

• Evaluate alternatives
• Select best plan
• Prepare float plan
• Complete pre-underway vessel checks
• Check Weather
• Get Underway

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Phase Two
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Underway Navigation

• Prepare/Update DR Plot
• Search for Fix Opportunities
• Fix Vessels Position
• Compare Fix With DR Position
• Estimate Set and Drift -
• Update Plot
• Monitor Progress of Voyage
• Check Weather Again

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THE GLOBE COORDINATE MEASURING SYSTEM
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small circles
planes that do not touch center
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Small Circles
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parallels of latitude
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LATITUDE LINES ARE PARALLEL RUN EAST AND WEST
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90
NORTH POLE
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LATITUDE IS MEASURED IN DEGREES STARTING AT THE
EQUATOR
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE IS NORTH OF THE EQUATOR
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30
30 DEGREES NORTH LATITUDE
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15 DEGREES NORTH LATITUDE
0
EQUATOR
15 DEGREES SOUTH LATITUDE
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30 DEGREES SOUTH LATITUDE
SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE IS SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR
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45
60
ANIMATION
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SOUTH POLE
90
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CIRCUMFERENCE IS 21,614 MILES
CIRCUMFERENCE IS 360 degrees
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HALF THE CIRCUMFERENCE IS 10,807 MILES
HALF THE CIRCUMFERENCE IS 180 degrees
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ONE QUARTER THE CIRCUMFERENCE IS 5,404 MILES
ONE QUARTER THE CIRCUMFERENCE IS 90 degrees
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ONE QUARTER THE CIRCUMFERENCE IS 5,404 MILES
ONE QUARTER THE CIRCUMFERENCE IS ALSO 90
degrees OF LATITUDE
5,404 MILES/ 90 DEGREES 60.044444 MILES PER
DEGREE
THERE ARE 60 MINUTES IN EACH DEGREE OF LATITUDE
60.03888 MILES PER DEGREE/ 60 MINUTES PER DEGREE
1 MILE PER MINUTE OF LATITUDE
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One Minute of Latitude equals One Nautical Mile
(almost)
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GREAT CIRCLES are FORMED BY A PLANE
PASSING THROUGH THE CENTER OF THE EARTH
SURFACE OF THE EARTH
THE EQUATOR IS A HORIZONTAL GREAT CIRCLE
CENTER OF THE EARTH
ROTATIONAL AXIS
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meridians of longitude
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LONGITUDE
LONGITUDINAL MERIDIANS ARE FORMED WHEN A
VERTICAL PLANE PASSING THROUGH THE ROTATIONAL
AXIS OF THE EARTH INTERSECTS WITH THE SURFACE OF
THE EARTH.
SURFACE OF THE EARTH
THE CENTER OF THE EARTH IS ON THE ROTATIONAL AXIS
ALSO
LONGITUDINAL MERIDIANS
ROTATIONAL AXIS
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LONGITUDE
LONGITUDE LINES ARE NOT PARALLEL
GEOGRAPHIC NORTH POLE
LINES OF LONGITUDE ARE CALLED MERIDIANS
GEOGRAPHIC SOUTH POLE
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TRUE GEOGRAPHIC NORTH POLE
DEGREES EAST LONGITUDE
DEGREES WEST
LONGITUDE
ITALY, RUSSIA UKRAINE, POLAND GERMANY ARE IN THE
EASTERN HEMISPHERE AND HAVE EAST LONGITUDE
THE UNITED STATES IS IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE
AND HAS WEST LONGITUDE
PRIME MERIDIAN RUNS THROUGH GREENWICH ENGLAND
ZERO DEGREES
SOUTH POLE
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LONGITUDE

• TOP VIEW OF THE EARTH, LOOKING DOWN AT NORTH POLE
• LINES OF LONGITUDE

INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE IT IS AT THE 180
DEGREE MERIDIAN
179 East
179 West
90 DEGREES WEST LONGITUDE
90 DEGREES EAST LONGITUDE
GEOGRAPHIC NORTH POLE
0 DEGREES
PRIME MERIDIAN
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LONGITUDE
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Prime Meridian 1884
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magnetic field
core
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lines of magnetic flux
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1600
2000
1900
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The North Magnetic Pole was at 78.5 N and 103.4 W
degrees, near Ellef Ringnes Island,
Canada
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variation
Oh2-3
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Variation changes with location
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055o
Rhumb Line
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Rhumb Line crosses meridians of longitude at the
same angle on Mercator Chart
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GREAT CIRCLES
THE SHORTEST DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS ON THE
SURFACE OF THE EARTH LIE ON A PATH KNOWN AS THE
GREAT CIRCLE
SURFACE OF THE EARTH
CENTER OF THE EARTH
ROTATIONAL AXIS
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Great circle initial track 303o True Great
circle distance 4473 nm
580 nm shorter
Rhumb line track 270o True approx Rhumb line
distance 5053 nm approx
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055o
three digits
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000
270
090
Relative Bearings
180
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Relative Bearings
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Relative Bearing Ships Heading Bearing to
Object
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The OLD Point System
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The Point System
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sgniraeB lacorpiceR
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It's Not the Ocean That Sinks Ships It's the Hard
Stuff Around the Edges